The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Phospholipids or Triglycerides on Brain DHA Uptake and Accretion
Tracer studies suggest that phospholipid DHA (PL-DHA) more effectively targets the brain than triglyceride DHA (TAG-DHA), although the mechanism and whether this translates into higher brain DHA concentrations are not clear. Rats were gavaged with [U-3H]PL-DHA and [U-3H]TAG-DHA and blood sampled over 6 hours prior to collection of brain regions and other tissues. In another experiment rats were supplemented for 4 weeks with TAG-DHA (fish oil), PL-DHA (roe PL) or a mixture of both for comparison to a low-omega-3 diet. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alex P. Kitson, Adam H. Metherel, Chuck T. Chen, Anthony F. Domenichiello, Marc-Olivier Trépanier, Alvin Berger, Richard P. Bazinet Source Type: research

Protective role of n6/n3 PUFA supplementation with varying DHA/EPA ratios against atherosclerosis in mice
The effects of n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cardiovascular disease are controversial. We currently explored the effects of various ratios of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on high-fat-induced atherosclerosis. In model apoE−/− mice, high-fat diets (HFD) were partially replaced with fish and algal oils (DHA/EPA 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2) and/or plant oils enriched in linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids with an n6/n3 ratio of 4:1. PUFA supplementation significantly reduced the atherosclerotic plaque area, serum lipid profile, inflammatory response, aortic ROS production, pro-inflammatory fac...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liang Liu, Qinling Hu, Huihui Wu, Yihong Xue, Liang Cai, Min Fang, Zhiguo Liu, Ping Yao, Yongning Wu, Zhiyong Gong Source Type: research

Amelioration of obesity associated inflammation and insulin resistance in c57bl/6 mice via macrophage polarization by Fish oil supplementation
Enormous phenotypic plasticity makes macrophages the target cells in obesity associated inflammatory diseases. Thus, nutritional components that polarize macrophages towards anti-inflammatory phenotype can partially reverse inflammatory diseases like insulin resistance. In the present study, macrophage polarizing and insulin sensitizing properties of Fish oil (FO) were evaluated in high fat diet fed obese insulin resistant c57bl/6 mice (HFD-IR) after oral supplementation with FO (4, 8 or 16 mg/ kg bw) and compared to lean and HFD-IR mice. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Samina Bashir, Yadhu Sharma, Asif Elahi, Farah Khan Source Type: research

Equol suppresses inflammatory response and bone erosion due to rheumatoid arthritis in mice
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Typical pathological findings of RA include persistent synovitis and bone degradation in the peripheral joints. Equol, a metabolite of the major soybean isoflavone daidzein, shows superior bioactivity than other isoflavones. We investigated the effects of equol administration on inflammatory response and bone erosion in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The severity of arthritis symptoms was significantly low in the equol-administered CIA mice. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: I-Chian Lin, Shuya Yamashita, Motoki Murata, Motofumi Kumazoe, Hirofumi Tachibana Source Type: research

The impact of theaflavins on systemic-and microcirculation alterations: the murine and randomized feasibility trials
Theaflavins are polyphenols found in black tea, their physiological activities were not well investigated. The present study in rats evaluated the influence of theaflavins on circulation. In addition, an intervention pilot study examined the influence of a theaflavin drink on postprandial hemodynamic change. In animal study, a single oral dose of theaflavin rich fraction (TF, 10mg/kg) caused transient increase in mean blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR). TF also elevated cremastric blood flow significantly and the magnitude of this effect was as following order: theaflavin 3’-O-gallate (TF2B) >> theaflavin-3-O-galla...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 19, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Akiko Saito, Risa Nakazato, Yoshitomo Suhara, Masahiro Shibata, Toshiki Fukui, Takeshi Ishii, Toshimichi Asanuma, Kazuo Mochizuki, Tsutomu Nakayama, Naomi Osakabe Source Type: research

Raspberry seed flour attenuates high sucrose diet-mediated hepatic stress and adipose tissue inflammation
In this study, we hypothesized that EA supplementation inhibits HS diet-mediated hepatic toxicity and its accompanied metabolic dysregulation. To test this hypothesis, C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to three isocaloric HF diets (41 % calories from fat) containing either no-sucrose (HF), high-sucrose (HFHS), or high-sucrose plus EA (HFHS-R) from raspberry seed flour (RSF, equivalent to 0.03 % of EA), and fed for 12 weeks. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 12, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Inhae Kang, Juan Carlos Espín, Timothy P. Carr, Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán, Soonkyu Chung Source Type: research

Influences of dietary vitamin D restriction on bone strength, body composition, and muscle in rats fed a high-fat diet: Involvement of mRNA expression of MyoD in skeletal muscle
Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with a greater risk of osteoporosis and also influences skeletal muscle functions, differentiation, and development. The present study investigated the influences of vitamin D restriction on the body composition, bone, and skeletal muscle in rats fed a high-fat diet. Sprague–Dawley strain male rats (11 weeks old) were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets: a basic control diet (Cont.), a basic control diet with vitamin D restriction (DR), a high-fat diet (F), and a high-fat diet with vitamin D restriction (FDR). (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuno Oku, Rieko Tanabe, Kanae Nakaoka, Asako Yamada, Seiko Noda, Ayumi Hoshino, Mayu Haraikawa, Masae Goseki-Sone Source Type: research

Pregnancy and maternal iron deficiency stimulate hepatic CRBPII expression in rats
Iron deficiency impairs vitamin A (VA) metabolism in the rat but the mechanisms involved are unknown and the effect during development has not been investigated. We investigated the effect of pregnancy and maternal iron deficiency on VA metabolism in the mother and fetus. 54 rats were fed either a control or iron deficient diet for 2 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy. Another 15 female rats followed the same diet and were used as non-pregnant controls. Maternal liver, placenta and fetal liver were collected at d21 for total VA, retinol and retinyl ester (RE) measurement and VA metabolic gene expression analysi...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 10, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sarah C. Cottin, Lorraine Gambling, Helen E. Hayes, Valerie J. Stevens, Harry J. McArdle Source Type: research

Sulforaphane improves dysregulated metabolic profile and inhibits leptin-induced VSMC proliferation: implications toward suppression of neointima formation after arterial injury in western diet-fed obese mice
Sulforaphane (SFN), a dietary phase-2 enzyme inducer that mitigates cellular oxidative stress through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, is known to exhibit beneficial effects in the vessel wall. For instance, it inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, a major event in atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. In particular, SFN attenuates the mitogenic and pro-inflammatory actions of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), respectively, in VSMCs. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 9, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Noha M. Shawky, Prahalathan Pichavaram, George S.G. Shehatou, Ghada M. Suddek, Nariman M. Gameil, John Y. Jun, Lakshman Segar Source Type: research

Fucoidan alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in ApoEshl mice deficient in apolipoprotein E expression
AbstractFucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds, possesses many biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of fucoidan on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoEshl mice) and to elucidate its molecular targets in the liver by using a transcriptomic approach. For 12 weeks, ApoEshl mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with either 1% or 5% fucoidan. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 8, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takashi Yokota, Koichi Nomura, Mikio Nagashima, Naomi Kamimura Source Type: research

Docosahexaenoic acid and palmitic acid reciprocally modulate monocyte activation in part through endoplasmic reticulum stress
Palmitic acid (C16:0) and TLR2 ligand induce, but docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibits monocyte activation. C16:0 and TLR2 or TLR4 ligand induce certain ER stress markers; thus, we determined whether ER stress induced by these agonists is sufficient to induce monocyte activation, and whether the ER stress is inhibited by DHA which is known to inhibit C16:0- or ligand-induced TLR activation. Monocyte activation and ER stress were assessed by TLR/inflammasome-induced IL-1β production, and phosphorylation of IRE-1 and eIF2 and expression of CHOP, respectively in THP-1 cells. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 8, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ryan G. Snodgrass, Shurong Huang, Dmitry Namgaladze, Ola Jandeli, Tiffany Shao, Spandana Sama, Bernhard Brüne, Daniel H. Hwang Source Type: research

Fucoidan alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in ApoE mice deficient in apolipoprotein E expression
AbstractFucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds, possesses many biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of fucoidan on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoEshl mice) and to elucidate its molecular targets in the liver by using a transcriptomic approach. For 12 weeks, ApoEshl mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with either 1% or 5% fucoidan. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 8, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takashi Yokota, Koichi Nomura, Mikio Nagashima, Naomi Kamimura Source Type: research

Dietary interesterified fat enriched with palmitic acid induces atherosclerosis by impairing macrophage cholesterol efflux and eliciting inflammation
Interesterified fats are currently being used to replace trans fatty acids. However, their impact on biological pathways involved in the atherosclerosis development was not investigated. Weaning male LDLr-KO mice were fed for 16 weeks on a high fat diet (40% energy as fat) containing polyunsaturated (PUFA), TRANS, palmitic (PALM), palmitic interesterified (PALM INTER), stearic (STEAR) or stearic interesterified (STEAR INTER). Plasma lipids, lipoprotein profile, arterial lesion area, macrophage infiltration, collagen content and inflammatory response modulation were determined. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 4, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Milessa Silva Afonso, Maria Silvia Ferrari Lavrador, Marcia Kiyomi Koike, Dennys Esper Cintra, Fabiana Dias Ferreira, Valeria Sutti Nunes, Gabriela Castilho, Luiz Antonio Gioielli, Renata de Paula Assis Bombo, Sergio Catanozi, Elia Garcia Caldini, Nilsa R Source Type: research

Corrigendum to , The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 26 (2015) 1317–1327
The authors regret mistaking the photograph of control in Fig. 4A. The correction is presented below. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Atsuko Nakanishi, Ikuyo Tsukamoto Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

The delta 6 desaturase knock out mouse reveals that immunomodulatory effects of essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are both independent of and dependent upon conversion
Typically fatty acids (FA) exert differential immunomodulatory effects with n-3 [α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] and n-6 [linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA)] exerting anti- and pro-inflammatory effects, respectively. This over-simplified interpretation is confounded by a failure to account for conversion of the parent FA (LA and ALA) to longer-chain bioactive products (AA and EPA/DHA, respectively), thereby precluding discernment of the immunomodulatory potential of specific FA. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jennifer M. Monk, Danyelle M. Liddle, Daniel J.A. Cohen, Denis H. Tsang, Lyn M. Hillyer, Salma A. Abdelmagid, Manabu T. Nakamura, Krista A. Power, David W.L. Ma, Lindsay E. Robinson Source Type: research