The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) promotes endurance capacity via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ-mediated mechanism in mice
This study determined the role of exercise and/or CLA in endurance capacity and PPARδ-associated regulators. Male 129Sv/J mice were fed either control (soybean oil) or CLA (0.5%) containing diets for 4 weeks and were further divided into sedentary or training regimes. CLA \ementation significantly reduced body weight and fat mass independent of exercise during the experimental period. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - September 5, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yoo Kim, Daeyoung Kim, Yeonhwa Park Source Type: research

Targeting arachidonic acid pathway to prevent programmed hypertension in maternal fructose-fed male adult rat offspring
We examined whether early treatment with a soluble epoxide hydrolase (SEH) inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)- dodecanoic acid (AUDA) or 15-Deoxy- Δ12,14-prostagandin J2 (15dPGJ2) can prevent HF-induced programmed hypertension. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats received regular chow or chow supplemented with fructose (60% diet by weight) during the whole period of pregnancy and lactation. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - September 5, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: You-Lin Tain, Wei-Chia Lee, Kay L.H. Wu, Steve Leu, Julie Y.H. Chan Source Type: research

EGR-1 Is an Active Transcription Factor in TGF- β2 Mediated Small Intestinal Cell Differentiation
In this study, IEC-6 (rat intestinal epithelial cells) cells were used as a model to study cell differentiation mediated by transforming growth factor- β2 (TGF-β2), the most abundant growth factor in human milk. We focused on the transcription factor early growth response 1 (EGR-1), as we found a robust and rapid response in our initial transcription factor screen. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Man Zhang, Yalin Liao, Bo L önnerdal Source Type: research

Effects of hydroxytyrosol on cardiovascular biomarkers in experimental diabetes mellitus
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on cardiovascular biomarkers and morphometric parameters of the arterial wall in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Seven groups of rats (N=10 per group) were studied for 2 months: nondiabetic rats (NDR), diabetic rats treated with saline (DR) and DR treated with HT (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg/day p.o.). DR had higher platelet aggregation values, higher thromboxane B2, plasma lipid peroxidation, 3-nitrotyrosine, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), myeloperoxidase, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and interleukin-1 ß (IL-1ß) concentrations, and lower aortic ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Juan Antonio L ópez-Villodres, Miriam Abdel-Karim, José Pedro De La Cruz, María Dolores Rodríguez-Pérez, José Julio Reyes, Rocío Guzmán-Moscoso, Guillermo Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Juan Fernández-Bolaños, José Antonio González-Correa Source Type: research

Characterization of TGF- β expression and signaling profile in the adipose tissue of rats fed with high-fat and energy restricted diets
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF- β) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity, influencing the release of inflammation mediators, and promoting remodeling and collagen deposition in the adipose tissue (AT). In this context, this work aims to elucidate whether TGF-β and Smad–dependent or independent signaling pathwa ys contribute to regional differentiation of AT in high-fat diet (HFD) and energy-restricted (ER) rat models. For this, TGF-β, TGF-β receptors I and II, PAI-1 and GLUT4 mRNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR, and Western-blotting assays allowed the semi-quantification of TGF-β and ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Laura Gon çalves, Adriana R. Rodrigues, Inês Tomada, Henrique Almeida, Delminda Neves, Alexandra M. Gouveia Source Type: research

White tea intake prevents prediabetes-induced metabolic dysfunctions in testis and epididymis preserving sperm quality
Prediabetes has been associated with alterations in male reproductive tract, especially in testis and epididymis. Moreover, in vitro studies described a promising action of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) against metabolic dysfunctions. Herein, we hypothesized that white tea (WTEA) ingestion by prediabetic animals could ameliorate the metabolic alterations induced by the disease in testicular and epididymal tissues, preserving sperm quality. WTEA infusion was prepared and its phytochemical profile was evaluated by 1H-NMR. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: T ânia R. Dias, Marco G. Alves, Luís Rato, Susana Casal, Branca M. Silva, Pedro F. Oliveira Source Type: research

Eicosapentaenoic acid promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and beige-like features in subcutaneous adipocytes from overweight subjects
The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of EPA on the regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism, and the ability of EPA to induce mitochondrial biogenesis and beiging in subcutaneous adipocytes from overweight subjects.Fully differentiated human subcutaneous adipocytes from overweight females (BMI: 28.1 –29.8kg/m2) were treated with EPA (100–200 μM) for 24 h. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: L.M. Laiglesia, S. Lorente-Cebri án, P.L. Prieto-Hontoria, M. Fernández-Galilea, S.M.R. Ribeiro, N. Sáinz, J.A. Martínez, M.J. Moreno-Aliaga Source Type: research

Serum phospholipid fraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids is the preferred indicator for nutrition and health status in hemodialysis patients
Long chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are major components of cell membrane phospholipids (PL) and serve as precursors for numerous bioactive lipid derivatives. Fatty acids (FA) are routinely analyzed in biological samples to assess composition of tissues, cells, and lipid fractions. In human studies, serum or plasma is often used because of their easy procurement. However, the lipid pool in serum and plasma is a mixture of triacylglycerol (TG), PL, cholesterol and its esters, and other components. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bruce A. Watkins, Jeffrey Kim, Hector Tamez, Julia Wenger, Ravi Thadhani, Allon N. Friedman Source Type: research

Daily sesame oil supplementation mitigates ketoconazole-induced oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and hepatic injury
Ketoconazole (KCZ) is the most commonly used systemic antifungal drug. However, long-term treatment of KCZ induces hepatic injury. Oxidative stress is involved in KCZ-induced hepatic injury. Oxidative stress plays an important role in apoptosis-associated hepatic damage. Sesame oil is rich in potent antioxidants and antifungal constituents. It attenuates hepatic injury by inhibiting oxidative stress. Thus, sesame oil may protect against KCZ-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hepatic damage. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 24, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Srinivasan Periasamy, Chuan-Teng Liu, Se-Ping Chien, Ying-Chien Chen, Ming-Yie Liu Source Type: research

A vitamin D pathway gene-gene interaction affects low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels
Much evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and chronic diseases such as obesity and dyslipidemia. Although genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of these diseases, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between vitamin D related-genes and anthropometric and lipid profiles. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three vitamin D-related genes with anthropometric and lipid parameters in 542 adult individuals. We analyzed the rs2228570 polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR), rs2134095 in the retinoid X receptor gamma gene (RXRG), and rs7041...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 14, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nath ália Grave, Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues, Janaína da Silveira, Diego Luiz Rovaris, Simone Morelo Dal Bosco, Verônica Contini, Júlia Pasqualini Genro Source Type: research

Proanthocyanidins Block Aldosterone-Dependent Upregulation of Cardiac Gamma Enac and Nedd4 –2 Inactivation Via Sgk1
Aldosterone plays a central role in the development of cardiac pathological states involving ion transport imbalances, especially sodium transport. We have previously demonstrated a cardioprotective effect of proanthocyanidins in aldosterone-treated rats. Our objective was to investigate for the first time, the effect of proanthocyanidins on serum and glucocorticoid regulated kinase type 1 (SGK1), epithelial Na+channel ( γ-ENac), neuronal precursor cells expressed developmentally down-regulated 4–2 (Nedd4–2) and phosphoNedd4–2 protein expression in the hearts of aldosterone-treated rats. (Source: The Journal of Nutr...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 13, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Adri án Galiana-Simal, Elena Olivares-Álvaro, Mercedes Klett-Mingo, María Belén Ruiz-Roso, Sandra Ballesteros, Natalia de las Heras, Peter J. Fuller, Vicente Lahera, Beatriz Martín-Fernández Source Type: research

Tissue specific regulation of sirtuin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthetic pathways identified in C57Bl/6 mice in response to high-fat feeding
The sirtuin/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) system is implicated in development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and diet-induced obesity, a major risk factor for T2D. Mechanistic links have not yet been defined. Sirtuin/NAD system gene expression and NAD/NADH levels were measured in liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle from mice fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 3 days up to 16 weeks. An in-house custom designed multiplex gene expression assay, assessed all 7 mouse sirtuins (SIRT1 –7) and 16 enzymes involved in conversion of tryptophan, niacin, nicotinamide riboside and metaboli...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 13, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Janice E. Drew, Andrew J. Farquharson, Graham W. Horgan, Lynda M. Williams Source Type: research

Diets enriched in whey or casein improve energy balance, prevent morbidity and renal damage in salt-loaded and high-fat fed spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats
High-fat diets induce obesity and increase risks of diabetes, cardiovascular and renal disorders. Whey or casein enriched diets decrease food intake and weight gain; however, their cardiovascular and renal benefits are unclear. We determined whether whey and casein enriched diets improve energy balance and are protective against renal damage and morbidity associated with stroke in an obesogenic and hypertensive experimental setting. We also assessed whether the hypophagic effects of these diets were due to reduced diet preference. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 12, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arashdeep Singh, Adel Pezeshki, Rizaldy C. Zapata, Nicholas J. Yee, Cameron G. Knight, Ursula I. Tuor, Prasanth K. Chelikani Source Type: research

Lentil Consumption Reduces Resistance Artery Remodeling and Restores Arterial Compliance in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
We previously established that lentils were able to significantly attenuate the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), but mechanism was not investigated. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 12, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Matthew G. Hanson, Carla G. Taylor, Yinghong Wu, Hope D. Anderson, Peter Zahradka Source Type: research

Mulberry anthocyanin extract ameliorates insulin resistance by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway in HepG2 cells and db/db mice
This study evaluated the capacity of mulberry anthocyanin extract (MAE) on insulin resistance amelioration in HepG2 cells induced by high-glucose and palmitic acid (PA) and diabetes-related metabolic changes in type 2 diabetic mice. In vitro, MAE alleviated insulin resistance in HepG2 cells, increased glucose consumption, glucose uptake and glycogen content. Enzyme activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) were decreased due to PPAR γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) inhibition. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 3, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fujie Yan, Guanhai Dai, Xiaodong Zheng Source Type: research