The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The content of docosahexaenoic acid in the suckling and the weaning diet beneficially modulates the ability of immune cells to response to stimuli
The objective of the study was to isolate the effect of feeding a diet supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during the suckling and/or the weaning period on immune system development and function in offspring. Dams were randomized to one of two nutritionally adequate diets: control diet (N=12, 0% DHA) or DHA diet (N=8, 0.9% DHA). Diets were fed to dams throughout lactation and then at weaning (21d) two pups per dam were randomly assigned to continue on the same diet as the dam or consume the other experimental diet for an additional 21d. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - June 18, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Caroline Richard, Erin D. Lewis, Susan Goruk, Catherine J. Field Source Type: research

Colonic inflammation accompanies an increase of β-catenin signaling and Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae bacteria in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice
Consumption of an obesigenic / high-fat (HF) diet is associated with a high colon cancer risk, and may alter the gut microbiota. To test the hypothesis that long-term HF feeding accelerates inflammatory process and changes gut microbiome composition, C57BL/6 mice were fed a HF (45% energy) or low-fat (LF) (10% energy) diet for 36 weeks. At the end of the study, body weights in the HF group were 35% greater than those in the LF group. These changes were associated with dramatic increases in body fat composition, inflammatory cell infiltration, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein concentration and cell proliferati...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - June 18, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Huawei Zeng, Suzanne L. Ishaq, Feng-Qi Zhao, André-Denis G. Wright Source Type: research

Blueberry inhibits invasion and angiogenesis in 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral squamous cell carcinogenesis in hamsters via suppression of TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathways
Aberrant activation of oncogenic signalling pathways plays a pivotal role in tumour initiation and progression. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy of blueberry in the hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model based on its ability to target TGF-β, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signalling and its impact on invasion and angiogenesis. Squamous cell carcinomas were induced in the HBP by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). The effect of blueberry on the oncogenic signalling pathways and downstream events was analysed by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. (Source: The ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - June 18, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Abdul Basit Baba, Jaganathan Kowshik, Jayaraman Krishnaraj, Josephraj Sophia, Madhulika Dixit, Siddavaram Nagini Source Type: research

Zinc Stimulates Glucose Consumption by Modulating the Insulin Signaling Pathway in L6 Myotubes: Essential Roles of Akt-GLUT4, GSK3β, and mTOR-S6 K1
The present study was performed to evaluate the insulin-like effects of zinc in normal L6 myotubes as well as its ability to alleviate insulin resistance. Glucose consumption was measured in both normal and insulin-resistant L6 myotubes. Western blotting and immunofluorescence revealed that zinc exhibited insulin-like glucose transporting effects by activating key markers that are involved in the insulin signaling cascade (including Akt, GLUT4, and GSK3β), and downregulating members of the insulin signaling feedback cascade such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6 K1). (Source: The ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuntang Wu, Huizi Lu, Huijun Yang, Chunlei Li, Qian Sang, Xinyan Liu, Yongzhe Liu, Yongming Wang, Zhong Sun Source Type: research

Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans
Dietary microRNAs (miRNAs) modulation could be important for health and wellbeing. Part of the healthful activities of polyphenols might be due to a modulation of miRNAs' expression. Among the most biologically active polyphenols, hydroxytyrosol (HT) has never been studied for its actions on miRNAs. We investigated whether HT could modulate the expression of miRNAs in vivo. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Joao Tomé-Carneiro, María Carmen Crespo, Eduardo Iglesias-Gutierrez, Roberto Martín, Judit Gil-Zamorano, Cristina Tomas-Zapico, Emma Burgos-Ramos, Carlos Correa, Diego Gómez-Coronado, Miguel A. Lasunción, Emilio Herrera, Francesco Visioli, Alberto D� Source Type: research

The pathophysiological role of oxidized cholesterols in epicardial fat accumulation and cardiac dysfunction: A study in swine fed a high caloric diet with an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, ezetimibe
Oxidized cholesterols in food have been recognized as strong atherogenic components, but their tissue distributions and roles in cardiovascular diseases remain unclear. To investigate whether accumulation of oxycholesterols is linked to cardiac morphology and function, and whether reduction of oxycholesterols can improve cardiac performance, domestic male swine were randomized to a control diet (C), high caloric diet (HCD), or high caloric diet + ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, group (HCD+E) and evaluated for: (1) distribution of oxycholesterol components in serum and tissues; (2) levels of ox...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michio Shimabukuro, Chinami Okawa, Hirotsugu Yamada, Shuhei Yanagi, Etsuko Uematsu, Noriko Sugasawa, Hirotsugu Kurobe, Yoichiro Hirata, Joo-Ri Kim-kaneyama, Xiao-feng Lei, Shoichiro Takao, Yasutake Tanaka, Daiju Fukuda, Shusuke Yagi, Takeshi Soeki, Tetsuy Source Type: research

Daily sesame oil supplementation attenuates local renin-angiotensin system via inhibiting MAPKs activation and oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy
We examined the protective role of sesame oil on RAS-mediated MAPKs activation and oxidative stress in rats. We induced LVH using a hypertensive model by subcutaneously injecting deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA; 15 mg/ml/kg in mineral oil; twice weekly for 5 weeks) and supplementing with 1% sodium chloride drinking water (DOCA/salt) to uni-nephrectomized rats. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chuan-Teng Liu, Ming-Yie Liu Source Type: research

Therapeutic properties of green tea against environmental insults
Pesticides, smoke, mycotoxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, and arsenic are the most common environmental toxins and toxicants to humans. These toxins and toxicants may impact on human health at the molecular (DNA, RNA, or protein), organelle (mitochondria, lysosome, or membranes), cellular (growth inhibition or cell death), tissue, organ, and systemic levels. Formation of reactive radicals, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, embryotoxicity, neurological alterations, apoptosis, and carcinogenic events are some of the mechanisms mediating the toxic effects of the environmental toxins and toxicants...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lixia Chen, Huanbiao Mo, Ling Zhao, Weimin Gao, Shu Wang, Meghan M. Cromie, Chuanwen Lu, Jia-Sheng Wang, Chwan-Li Shen Source Type: research

Sulforaphane effects on post-infarction cardiac remodeling in rats: modulation of redox-sensitive pro-survival and pro-apoptotic proteins
This study investigated whether sulforaphane (SFN), a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, could attenuate the progression of post-myocardial infarction (MI) cardiac remodeling. Male Wistar rats (350 g) were allocated to four groups: SHAM (n=8), SHAM+SFN (n=7), MI (n=8), and MI+SFN (n=5). On the third day after surgery, cardiac function was assessed and SFN treatment (5 mg/Kg/day) was started. At the end of 25 days of treatment, cardiac function was assessed and heart was collected to measure collagen content, oxidative stress and protein kinase. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rafael Oliveira Fernandes, Alexandre Luz De Castro, Jéssica Hellen Poletto Bonetto, Vanessa Duarte Ortiz, Dalvana Daneliza Müller, Cristina Campos Carraro, Sílvia Barbosa, Laura Tartari Neves, Léder Leal Xavier, Paulo Cavalheiro Schenkel, Pawan Singal Source Type: research

NMR-Based Metabolomics Reveals Urinary Metabolome Modifications in Female Sprague–Dawley Rats by Cranberry Procyanidins
A 1H NMR global metabolomics approach was used to investigate the urinary metabolome changes in female rats gavaged with partially purified cranberry procyanidins (PPCP) or partially purified apple procyanidins (PPAP). After collecting 24-h baseline urine, 24 female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly separated into two groups and gavaged with PPCP or PPAP twice using a 250 mg extracts/kg body weight dose. The 24-h urine samples were collected after the gavage. Urine samples were analyzed using 1H NMR. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Haiyan Liu, Fariba Tayyari, Arthur S. Edison, Zhihua Su, Liwei Gu Source Type: research

Microrna -19 A/B Mediate Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract Induced Anti-Neoplastic Effects Against Lung Cancer
Oncomirs are microRNAs (miRNA) associated with carcinogenesis and malignant transformation. They have emerged as potential molecular targets for anti-cancer therapy. We hypothesize that grape seed procyanidin extract (GSE) exerts antineoplastic effects through modulations of oncomirs and their downstream targets. We found that GSE significantly down-regulated oncomirs miR-19a and -19b in a variety of lung neoplastic cells. GSE also increased mRNA and protein levels of insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-2R) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), both predicted targets of miR-19a and -19b. (Source: The Journal o...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 19, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jenny T. Mao, Bingye Xue, Jane Smoake, Qing-Yi Lu, Heesung Park, Susanne M. Henning, Windie Burns, Alvise Bernabei, David Elashoff, Kenneth J. Serio, Larry Massie Source Type: research

Oral butyrate reduces oxidative stress in atherosclerotic lesion sites by a mechanism involving NADPH oxidase downregulation in endothelial cells
Butyrate is a 4-carbon fatty acid that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. It has been demonstrated that butyrate is able to reduce atherosclerotic development in animal models by reducing inflammatory factors. However, the contribution of its antioxidative effects of butyrate on atherogenesis has not yet been studied. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 15, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Edenil C. Aguilar, Lana Claudinez dos Santos, Alda J. Leonel, Jamil Silvano de Oliveira, Elândia Aparecida Santos, Juliana M. Navia-Pelaez, Josiane Fernandes da Silva, Bárbara Pinheiro Mendes, Luciano S.A. Capettini, Lilian G. Teixeira, Virginia S. Lemo Source Type: research

Human apolipoprotein E allele and docosahexaenoic acid intake modulate peripheral cholesterol homeostasis in mice
Carrying at least one apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (E4+) is the main genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Epidemiological studies support that consuming fatty fish rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA: 22: 6 ω3) is protective against development of AD. However, this protective effect seems not to hold in E4+. The involvement of APOE genotype on the relationship between DHA intake and cognitive decline could be mediated through cholesterol. Many studies show a link between cholesterol metabolism and AD progression. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 12, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Anthony Pinçon, Jean-Denis Coulombe, Raphaël Chouinard-Watkins, Mélanie Plourde Source Type: research