The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Dioxin-like pollutants increase hepatic flavin containing monooxygenase (FMO3) expression to promote synthesis of the pro-atherogenic nutrient biomarker Trimethylamine N-oxide from dietary precursors
The etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is impacted by multiple modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors including dietary choices, genetic predisposition, and environmental exposures. However, mechanisms linking diet, exposure to pollutants, and CVD risk are largely unclear. Recent studies identified a strong link between plasma levels of nutrient-derived Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and coronary artery disease. Dietary precursors of TMAO include carnitine and phosphatidylcholine, which are abundant in animal-derived foods. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 31, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michael C. Petriello, Jessie B. Hoffman, Manjula Sunkara, Banrida Wahlang, Jordan T. Perkins, Andrew J. Morris, Bernhard Hennig Source Type: research

A conjugated fatty acid present at high levels in bitter melon seed favorably affects lipid metabolism in hepatocytes by increasing NAD+/NADH ratio and activating PPARα, AMPK, and SIRT1 signaling pathway
α-Eleostearic acid (α-ESA), or the cis-9, trans-11, trans-13 isomer of conjugated linolenic acid, is a special fatty acid present at high levels in bitter melon seed oil. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of α-ESA on hepatic lipid metabolism. Using H4IIEC3 hepatoma cell line, we showed α-ESA significantly lowered intracellular triglyceride accumulation compared to α-linolenic acid (LN), used as a fatty acid control, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The effects of α-ESA on enzyme activities and mRNA profiles in H4IIEC3 cells suggested that enhanced fatty acid oxidation and lowered lipogenesis were i...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gou-Chun Chen, Hui-Min Su, Yu-Shun Lin, Po-Yen Tsou, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Pei-Min Chao Source Type: research

Oral administration of curcumin relieves behavioral alterations and oxidative stress in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of ovariectomized Wistar rats
Menopause occurs gradually and is characterized by increased susceptibility to developing mood disorders. Several studies have suggested treatments based on the antioxidant properties of vitamins and herbal compounds as an alternative to hormone replacement therapies, with few or none reporting toxicity. The present study was performed to explore the effects of curcumin oral supplementation on anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress parameters in different central nervous system (CNS) areas of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Maurilio Da Silva Morrone, Carlos Eduardo Schnorr, Guilherme Antônio Behr, Juciano Gasparotto, Rafael Calixto Bortolin, Karla Suzana Moresco, Leonardo Bittencourt, Alfeu Zanotto-Filho, Daniel Pens Gelain, José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira Source Type: research

Quercetin metabolites inhibit MMP-2 expression in A549 lung cancer cells by PPAR-γ associated mechanisms
Our previous study demonstrated that quercetin-metabolite-enriched plasma (QP) but not quercetin itself upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression to induce G2/M arrest in A549 cells. In the present study, we incubated A549 cells with QP as well as quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q3G) and quercetin-3′-sulfate (Q3′S), two major metabolites of quercetin, to investigate the effects of quercetin metabolites on cell invasion and migration, the possible mechanisms and the role of PPAR-γ. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 30, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cheng-Hung Chuang, Chiao-Lin Yeh, Shu-Lan Yeh, En-Shyh Lin, Li-Yu Wang, Ying-Hsuna Wang Source Type: research

Effects of quercetin, a natural phenolic compound, in the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC) into adipocytes and osteoblasts
Natural phenols may have beneficial properties against oxidative stress, which is associated with aging and major chronic aging-related diseases, such as loss of bone mineral mass (osteoporosis) and diabetes. The main aim of this study was to analyze the effect of quercetin, a major nutraceutical compound present in the “Mediterranean diet”, on mesenchymal stem-cell (MSC) differentiation. Such cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts or adipocytes in the presence of two quercetin concentrations (0.1 and 10 μM). (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Antonio Casado-Díaz, Jaouad Anter, Gabriel Dorado, José Manuel Quesada-Gómez Source Type: research

Grape seed proanthocyanidins protects against Cadmium induced oxidative pancreatitis in rats by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling
The present study has been designed and carried out to explore the role of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) in the pancreas of cadmium (Cd) induced cellular oxidative stress mediated toxicity in rats. Four groups of healthy rats were given oral doses of Cd (5mg/kgbw) and to identify the possible mechanism of action of GSP 100mg/kgbw was selected and was given 90 min before Cd intoxication. The causative molecular and cellular mechanism of Cd was determined using various biochemical assays, histology, western blotting and ELISA. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nazima Bashir, Vaihundam Manoharan, Selvaraj Miltonprabu Source Type: research

Cu(II)-coumestrol interaction leads to ROS-mediated DNA damage and cell death: A putative mechanism for anticancer activity
Phytoestrogens have attracted considerable interest as natural alternatives to hormone replacement therapy and their potential as cancer therapeutic agents. Among phytoestrogens, coumestrol has shown multi-pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, osteoblastic differentiation and anticancer. Though several studies have described anticancer effects of coumestrol, a clear underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells contain elevated copper levels which play an integral role in angiogenesis. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Atif Zafar, Swarnendra Singh, Imrana Naseem Source Type: research

Caffeine Suppresses the Progression of Human Glioblastoma via Cathepsin B and MAPK Signaling Pathway
Glioblastoma has aggressive proliferative and invasive properties. We investigated the effect of caffeine on the invasion and the anti-cancer effect in human glioblastomas. Caffeine reduced the invasion in U-87MG, GBM8401 and LN229 cells. Caffeine decreased mRNA, protein expression, and activity of cathepsin B. Besides, mRNA and protein expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) was upregulated by caffeine treatment, whereas matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was downregulated. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yu-Chen Cheng, You-Ming Ding, Dueng-Yuan Hueng, Jang-Yi Chen, Ying Chen Source Type: research

Metabolic transformations of dietary polyphenols: comparison between in vitro colonic and hepatic models and in vivo urinary metabolites
Studies on metabolism of polyphenols have revealed extensive transformations in the carbon backbone by colonic microbiota; however, the influence of microbial and hepatic transformations on human urinary metabolites has not been explored. Therefore, the aims of this study were: 1) to compare the in vitro microbial phenolic metabolite profile of foods and beverages with that excreted in urine of subjects consuming the same foodstuffs, and 2) to explore the role of liver on post-colonic metabolism of polyphenols by using in vitro hepatic models. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Claudia Vetrani, Angela A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Martin Adiels, Jan Borén, Ismo Mattila, Matej Orešič, Anna-Marja Aura Source Type: research

Amelioration of neuronal cell death in a spontaneous obese rat model by dietary restriction through modulation of ubiquitin proteasome system
In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary restriction on obesity- induced neuronal cell death in a rat model. Two groups of forty-day old WNIN/Ob rats were either fed ad libitum (Ob) or pairfed (PF) with lean. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Karnam Shruthi, S. Sreenivasa Reddy, P. Yadagiri Reddy, P. Sivalingam, N. Harishankar, G. Bhanuprakash Reddy Source Type: research

Nutrient-induced glucagon like peptide-1 release is modulated by serotonin
Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and serotonin are both involved in food intake regulation. GLP-1 release is stimulated upon nutrient interaction with G-protein coupled receptors by enteroendocrine cells (EEC), whereas serotonin is released from enterochromaffin cells (ECC). The central hypothesis for the current study was that nutrient-induced GLP-1 release from EECs is modulated by serotonin through a process involving serotonin receptor interaction.This was studied by assessing the effects of serotonin reuptake inhibition by fluoxetine on nutrient-induced GLP-1, PYY and CCK release from isolated pig intestinal segments. ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dina Ripken, Nikkie van der Wielen, Heleen M. Wortelboer, Jocelijn Meijerink, Renger F. Witkamp, Henk F.J. Hendriks Source Type: research

The pleiotropic effects of omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid on the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease
Among omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) is important for adequate brain development and cognition. DHA is highly concentrated in the brain and plays an essential role in brain functioning. DHA, one of the major constituents in fish fats, readily cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) from blood to the brain. Its critical role was further supported by its reduced levels in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This agrees with a potential role of DHA in memory, learning, and cognitive processes. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 22, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mounir Belkouch, Mayssa Hachem, Abdeljalil Elgot, Amanda Lo Van, Madeleine Picq, Michel Guichardant, Michel Lagarde, Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac Tags: Review Source Type: research

Liquid Fructose in Pregnancy Exacerbates Fructose-Induced Dyslipidemia in Adult Female Offspring
Fructose intake from added sugars correlates with the epidemic rise in metabolic syndrome and related events. Nevertheless, consumption of beverages sweetened with fructose is not regulated in gestation. Previously, we found that maternal fructose intake produces in the progeny, when fetuses, impaired leptin signalling and hepatic steatosis and then, impaired insulin signalling and hypoadiponectinemia in adult male rats. Interestingly, adult females from fructose-fed mothers did not exhibit any of these disturbances. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 21, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lourdes Rodríguez, María I. Panadero, Silvia Rodrigo, Núria Roglans, Paola Otero, Juan J. Álvarez-Millán, Juan C. Laguna, Carlos Bocos Source Type: research

Branched chain amino acids are associated with cardio metabolic risk profiles found already in lean, overweight, and obese young
Cardiovascular risk is increased in obese subjects. Nevertheless, some overweight and obese remain cardio metabolically healthy, and normal-weight persons develop cardiovascular disease (CVD). Herein, we investigate the potential of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) to identify an increased CVD risk in a cross-sectional study of 666 adults and juveniles (age 25.3 ± 12.8 years), classified as lean, overweight, or obese. Cardio metabolic groups were defined by cut offs of systolic blood pressure (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Harald Mangge, Sieglinde Zelzer, Florian Prüller, Wolfgang J. Schnedl, Daniel Weghuber, Dietmar Enko, Peter Bergsten, Johannes Haybaeck, Andreas Meinitzer Source Type: research

Cardio-protective effects of Lipoic acid, Quercetin and Resveratrol on oxidative stress related to thyroid hormone alterations in long-term obesity
This study investigated possible mechanisms for cardio-protective effects of Lipoic acid (LA), Quercetin (Q) and Resveratrol (R) on oxidative stress related to thyroid hormone alterations in long-term obesity. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed on High-Fat Diet (HFD), HFD + LA, HFD + R, HFD + Q and normal diet for 26 weeks. Body weight, blood pressure, thyroid hormones, oxidative stress markers, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), ion pump activities were measured, and expression of cardiac genes analyzed by real time-PCR. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Maureen Jepkorir Cheserek, Guirong Wu, Longnan Li, Lirong Li, Eric Karangwa, Yonghui Shi, Guowei Le Source Type: research