The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Astaxanthin inhibits inflammation and fibrosis in the liver and adipose tissue of mouse models of diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
The objective of this study was to determine if astaxanthin (ASTX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, can prevent obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities, inflammation and fibrosis in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (6% fat, w/w), a high fat/high sucrose control (HF/HS; 35% fat, 35% sucrose, w/w), or a HF/HS containing ASTX (AHF/HS; 0.03% ASTX, w/w) for 30 wk. To induce NASH, another set of mice was fed a HF/HS diet containing 2% cholesterol (HF/HS/HC) or HF/HS/HC with 0.015% ASTX (AHF/HS/HC) for 18 wk. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bohkyung Kim, Callie Farruggia, Chai Siah Ku, Tho X. Pham, Yue Yang, Minkyung Bae, Casey J. Wegner, Nicholas J. Farrell, Ellen Harness, Young-Ki Park, Sung I. Koo, Ji-Young Lee Source Type: research

Palmitic acid interferes with energy metabolism balance by adversely switching the SIRT1-CD36-fatty acid pathway to the PKC-GLUT4-glucose pathway in cardiomyoblasts
Metabolic regulation is inextricably linked with cardiac function. Fatty acid metabolism is a significant mechanism for creating energy for the heart. However, cardiomyocytes are able to switch the fatty acids or glucose, depending on different situations, such as ischemia or anoxia. Lipotoxicity in obesity causes impairments in energy metabolism and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. We utilized the treatment of H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells palmitic acid (PA) as a model for hyperlipidemia to investigate the signaling mechanisms involved in these processes. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yeh-Peng Chen, Chia-Wen Tsai, Chia-Yao Shen, Cecilia-Hsuan Day, Yu-Lan Yeh, Ray-Jade Chen, Tsung-Jung Ho, V. Vijaya Padma, Wei- Wen Kuo, Chih-Yang Huang Source Type: research

Astaxanthin inhibits inflammation and fibrosis in the liver and adipose tissue of mouse models of diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
The objective of this study was to determine if astaxanthin (ASTX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, can prevent obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities, inflammation and fibrosis in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (6% fat, w/w), a high fat/high sucrose control (HF/HS; 35% fat, 35% sucrose, w/w), or a HF/HS containing ASTX (AHF/HS; 0.03% ASTX, w/w) for 30 wk. To induce NASH, another set of mice was fed a HF/HS diet containing 2% cholesterol (HF/HS/HC) or HF/HS/HC with 0.015% ASTX (AHF/HS/HC) for 18 wk. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bohkyung Kim, Callie Farruggia, Chai Siah Ku, Tho X. Pham, Yue Yang, Minkyung Bae, Casey J. Wegner, Nicholas J. Farrell, Ellen Harness, Young-Ki Park, Sung I. Koo, Ji-Young Lee Source Type: research

Decreased beige adipocyte number and mitochondrial respiration coincide with increased histone methyl transferase (9Ga) and reduced FGF21 gene expression in Sprague Dawley rats fed prenatal low protein and postnatal high fat diets
We have shown that prenatal low protein (LP) followed by postnatal high-fat (HF) diets results in a rapid increase in subcutaneous adipose tissue (subc-AT) mass in the offspring contributing to development of obesity and insulin resistance. Studies have shown that a key transcription factor PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are involved in conversion of precursor cells into mitochondria (mt) enriched beige adipocytes (BA). Our hypothesis is that a maternal LP and postnatal HF diets increase the risk of obesity and insulin resistance in offspring, in part, by reducing the conversion of...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kate J. Claycombe, Emilie E. Vomhof-DeKrey, Rolando Garcia, William Thomas Johnson, Eric Uthus, James N. Roemmich Source Type: research

Pomegranate extract and exercise provide additive benefits on improvement of immune function by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-induced obesity rats
Obesity is reported to be associated with immune dysfunction and a state of low-grade, chronic inflammation. Either pomegranate extract (PomE) or exercise (Ex) has been shown to have anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Nevertheless, no study has addressed the additive benefits of PomE and Ex on the restoration of obesity-induced immune defects. The present work aims to study the effect of PomE and Ex as a combined intervention on immune function and the underlying mechanism involved in inflammation and oxidative stress in rats with high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fei Zhao, Wentao Pang, Ziyi Zhang, Jialong Zhao, Xin Wang, Ye Liu, Xun Wang, Zhihui Feng, Yong Zhang, Wenyan Sun, Jiankang Liu Source Type: research

Improvement of blood glucose levels and obesity in mice given aronia juice by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and α-glucosidase
In this study, we found that body weights and blood glucose levels were reduced in diabetes model KK-Ay mice given aronia juice. We also found that weights of white adipose tissues were reduced in KK-Ay mice given aronia juice. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takuya Yamane, Miyuki Kozuka, Daisuke Konda, Yoshihisa Nakano, Takenori Nakagaki, Iwao Ohkubo, Hiroyoshi Ariga Source Type: research

Purple Rice Anthocyanin extract protects cardiac function in STZ -Induced Diabetes Rat Hearts by inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often causes chronic inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis in heart and subsequently lead to myocardial remodeling, deteriorated cardiac function and heart failure. Anthocyanins are strong antioxidants that show effective cardio- protective properties. Our aim was to determine whether anthocyanin extracted from purple rice provide protective effects in DM hearts. Five-weeks-old male Wistar rats were administered with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce Type 1 diabetes. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 25, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yu-Feng Chen, Marthandam Asokan Shibu, Ming-Jen Fan, Ming-Cheng Chen, Vijaya Padma Viswanadha, Yi-Lin Lin, Chao-Hung Lai, Kuan-Ho Lin, Tsung-Jung Ho, Wei-Wen Kuo, Chih-Yang Huang Source Type: research

A polyphenol-Rich Fraction Obtained from table grapes decreases adiposity, insulin resistance, and markers of inflammation and impacts gut microbiota in high-fat fed mice
The objective of this study was to determine if consuming an extractable or non-extractable fraction of table grapes reduced the metabolic consequences of consuming a high-fat, American-type diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (LF) diet, a high fat (HF) diet, or a HF diet containing whole table grape powder (5% w/w), an extractable, polyphenol-rich (HF-EP) fraction, a non-extractable, polyphenol-poor (HF-NEP) fraction, or equal combinations of both fractions (HF-EP+NEP) from grape powder for 16weeks. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 25, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Brian Collins, Jessie Hoffman, Kristina Martinez, Mary Grace, Mary Ann Lila, Chase Cockrell, Anuradha Nadimpalli, Eugene Chang, Chia-Chi Chuang, Wei Zhong, Jessica Mackert, Wan Shen, Paula Cooney, Robin Hopkins, Michael McIntosh Source Type: research

Small molecule tolfenamic acid and dietary spice curcumin treatment enhances anti-proliferative effect in pancreatic cancer cells via suppressing Sp1, disrupting NF-kB translocation to nucleus and cell cycle phase distribution
The objective of this study was to identify agent with low toxicity and COX-independent mechanism to induce PC cell growth inhibition when used along with Cur. Anti-cancer NSAID, Tolfenamic acid (TA) and Cur combination was evaluated using PC cell lines. L3.6pl and MIA PaCa-2 cells were treated with Cur (5-25 μM) or TA (25-100 μM) or combination of Cur (7.5 μM) and TA (50 μM). (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 10, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Riyaz Basha, Sarah F. Connelly, Umesh T. Sankpal, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Hassaan Patel, Jamboor K. Vishwanatha, Sagar Shelake, Leslie Tabor-Simecka, Mamoru Shoji, Jerry W. Simecka, Bassel El-Rayes Source Type: research

Preventive effect of dietary quercetin on disuse muscle atrophy by targeting mitochondria in denervated mice
Quercetin is a major dietary flavonoid in fruits and vegetables. We aimed to clarify the preventive effect of dietary quercetin on disuse muscle atrophy and the underlying mechanisms. We established a mouse denervation model by cutting the sciatic nerve in the right leg (SNX surgery) to lack of mobilization in hind-limb. Pre-intake of a quercetin-mixed diet for 14 days before SNX surgery prevented loss of muscle mass and atrophy of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle (GM). Phosphorylation of Akt, a key phosphorylation pathway of suppression of protein degradation, was activated in the quercetin-mixed diet group with ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 8, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rie Mukai, Naoko Matsui, Yutaka Fujikura, Norifumi Matsumoto, De-Xing Hou, Noriyuki Kanzaki, Hiroshi Shibata, Manabu Horikawa, Keiko Iwasa, Katsuya Hirasaka, Takeshi Nikawa, Junji Terao Source Type: research

Stability of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate and its activity in liquid formulations and delivery systems
(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has become a popular disease-preventive supplement worldwide because it may aid in slowing down the onset of age-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and tissue degeneration. As largely demonstrated in cell culture studies, EGCG possesses antioxidant properties and exhibits favorable effects on gene expression, signal transduction and other cell functions. However, only limited effects have been observed in experimental animals and human epidemiological studies. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Olga Krupkova, Stephen J. Ferguson, Karin Wuertz-Kozak Source Type: research

Diet-induced obesity, energy metabolism and gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed western diets based on lean seafood or lean meat mixtures
High protein diets may protect against diet-induced obesity, but little is known regarding the effects of different protein sources consumed at standard levels. We investigated how a mixture of lean seafood or lean meat in a Western background diet modulated diet-induced obesity, energy metabolism and gut microbiota. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a Western diet (WD) containing a mixture of lean seafood (seafood WD) for 12weeks accumulated less fat mass than mice fed a WD containing a mixture of lean meat (meat WD). (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jacob Bak Holm, Alexander Rønnevik, Hanne Sørup Tastesen, Even Fjære, Kristin Røen Fauske, Ulrike Liisberg, Lise Madsen, Karsten Kristiansen, Bjørn Liaset Source Type: research

Ruminant and Industrial Trans Fatty Acid Uptake in the Heart
Dietary trans fats are strongly associated with heart disease. However, the capacity for the tissues of the body, and specifically the heart, to take up trans fats is unknown. It is also unknown if different trans fats have different uptake capacities in the heart and other tissues of the body. Diets of low density lipoprotein receptor deficient mice were supplemented for 14 weeks with foods that contained 1.5% of the trans fat elaidic acid or vaccenic acid. Tissues were extracted, frozen in liquid nitrogen and then lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography for fatty acid content. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Riya Ganguly, Renee LaVallee, Thane G. Maddaford, Brittany Devaney, Chantal M.C. Bassett, Andrea L. Edel, Grant N. Pierce Source Type: research

Linoleic acid attenuates cardio-protection induced by resolvin D1
We previously observed that resolvin D1 (RvD1), a metabolite of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid, reduces infarct size by a mechanism involving the PI3-K/Akt pathway. In parallel, the beneficial effect of a high omega-3 PUFA diet on infarct size can be attenuated by increased omega-6 PUFA consumption. The present study was designed to determine if augmented linoleic acid (LA), an omega-6 PUFA administered at the same time, attenuates the cardio-protective action of RvD1. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - January 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kim Gilbert, Mandy Malick, Ness Madingou, Valérie Bourque-Riel, Charles Touchette, Guy Rousseau Source Type: research

Urinary Metabolic Profile Predicts High Fat Diet Sensitivity in the C57Bl6/J mouse
To prevent the development of adiposity associated metabolic diseases, early biomarkers are needed. Such markers could bring insight to understand the complexity of susceptibility to obesity. Urine and plasma metabolomics fingerprints have been successfully associated with metabolic dysfunctions. Fat resistance (FR) was found to be associated with higher urinary levels of acylglycines and leucine. However, no differences were observed before the diet switch. In this context, we aimed at characterizing metabolic signatures predictive of resistance or sensitivity to fat in the C57Bl6/J mouse model. (Source: The Journal of Nu...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - January 27, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Juliette Fedry, Anne Blais, Patrick C. Even, Julien Piedcoq, Gilles Fromentin, Claire Gaudichon, Dalila Azzout-Marniche, Daniel Tomé Source Type: research