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The code and beyond: transcription regulation by the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 263 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.10 Authors: Kevin M. Harlen & L. Stirling Churchman The carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) extends from the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) as a long, repetitive and largely unstructured polypeptide chain. Throughout the transcription process, the CTD is dynamically modified by post-translational modifications, many of which facilitate or hinder the recruitment of (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Kevin M. Harlen L. Stirling Churchman Tags: Review Source Type: research

Unclogging sickle cell anaemia
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 214 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.17 Authors: Hojun Li & Harvey Lodish Li and Lodish describe how a shift in our understanding of the molecular basis of sickle cell anaemia has led to clinical success. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Hojun Li Harvey Lodish Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Non-coding RNA: The cancer link(RNA) between PIP3 and AKT
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 212 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.18 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski The specific binding of the lincRNA LINK-A tothe phospholipid PIP3 and the kinase AKT activates AKT and promotes tumorigenesis and resistance to AKT inhibitors. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 285 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.7 Authors: Salman F. Banani, Hyun O. Lee, Anthony A. Hyman & Michael K. Rosen Biomolecular condensates are micron-scale compartments in eukaryotic cells that lack surrounding membranes but function to concentrate proteins and nucleic acids. These condensates are involved in diverse processes, including RNA metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, the DNA damage response and signal transduction. Recent studies have shown that liquid–liquid (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Salman F. Banani Hyun O. Lee Anthony A. Hyman Michael K. Rosen Tags: Review Source Type: research

DNA G-quadruplexes in the human genome: detection, functions and therapeutic potential
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 279 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.3 Authors: Robert Hänsel-Hertsch, Marco Di Antonio & Shankar Balasubramanian Single-stranded guanine-rich DNA sequences can fold into four-stranded DNA structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s) that arise from the self-stacking of two or more guanine quartets. There has been considerable recent progress in the detection and mapping of G4 structures in the human genome and in biologically (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Robert H ä nsel-Hertsch Marco Di Antonio Shankar Balasubramanian Tags: Progress Source Type: research

DNA G-quadruplexes in the human genome: detection, functions and therapeutic potential
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 279 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.3 Authors: Robert Hänsel-Hertsch, Marco Di Antonio & Shankar Balasubramanian Single-stranded guanine-rich DNA sequences can fold into four-stranded DNA structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s) that arise from the self-stacking of two or more guanine quartets. There has been considerable recent progress in the detection and mapping of G4 structures in the human genome and in biologically (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Robert H änsel-Hertsch Marco Di Antonio Shankar Balasubramanian Tags: Progress Source Type: research

What holds epigenetic memory?
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 140 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.15 Author: Caroline Dean Caroline Dean discusses the mechanisms underlying the storage and inheritance of epigenetic memory. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Caroline Dean Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Organelle dynamics: Connections, connections, connections
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 139 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.14 Author: Paulina Strzyz Three independent studies in human cell lines reveal new functions of membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria and between the ER and peroxisomes. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Epigenetics: Maternal TRIM28 for male embryos
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 138 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.13 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski In mice, the absence of maternal Trim28 expression in early male embryos causes loss of DNA methylation and derepression of a non-imprinted gene, which results in lethality. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

RNA-based recognition and targeting: sowing the seeds of specificity
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 215 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.174 Authors: Stanislaw A. Gorski, Jörg Vogel & Jennifer A. Doudna RNA is involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, often by forming sequence-specific base pairs with cellular RNA or DNA targets that must be identified among the large number of nucleic acids in a cell. Several RNA-based regulatory systems in eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea, (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 14, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Stanislaw A. Gorski J örg Vogel Jennifer A. Doudna Tags: Review Source Type: research

Mitotic spindle assembly in animal cells: a fine balancing act
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 187 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.162 Authors: Suzanna L. Prosser & Laurence Pelletier The mitotic spindle has a crucial role in ensuring the accurate segregation of chromosomes into the two daughter cells during cell division, which is paramount for maintaining genome integrity. It is a self-organized and dynamic macromolecular structure that is constructed from microtubules, microtubule-associated proteins and (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 7, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Suzanna L. Prosser Laurence Pelletier Tags: Review Source Type: research

Variants of core histones and their roles in cell fate decisions, development and cancer
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 299 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.166 Authors: Marcus Buschbeck & Sandra B. Hake Histone variants endow chromatin with unique properties and show a specific genomic distribution that is regulated by specific deposition and removal machineries. These variants — in particular, H2A.Z, macroH2A and H3.3 — have important roles in early embryonic development, and they regulate the lineage commitment (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - February 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Marcus Buschbeck Sandra B. Hake Tags: Review Source Type: research

RNA modifications and structures cooperate to guide RNA –protein interactions
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 202 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.163 Authors: Cole J.T. Lewis, Tao Pan & Auinash Kalsotra An emerging body of evidence indicates that post-transcriptional gene regulation relies not only on the sequence of mRNAs but also on their folding into intricate secondary structures and on the chemical modifications of the RNA bases. These features, which are highly dynamic and interdependent, exert (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 31, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Cole J.T. Lewis Tao Pan Auinash Kalsotra Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research