The future of CRISPR technologies in agriculture
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 275 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.2 Author: Caixia Gao Conventional plant breeding is unlikely to meet increasing food demands and other environmental challenges. By contrast, CRISPR technology is erasing barriers to genome editing and could revolutionize plant breeding. However, to fully benefit from the CRISPR revolution, we should focus on resolving its technical and regulatory uncertainties. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 31, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Caixia Gao Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Mechanisms of disease: Consequences of mitoribosome overload
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 140 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.8 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski The exonuclease EXD2 prevents the overload of the mitochondrial 28S ribosome subunit with mitochondrial mRNAs, and is important for development and lifespan regulation (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 31, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Once and only once: mechanisms of centriole duplication and their deregulation in disease
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 297 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.127 Authors: Erich A. Nigg & Andrew J. Holland Centrioles are conserved microtubule-based organelles that form the core of the centrosome and act as templates for the formation of cilia and flagella. Centrioles have important roles in most microtubule-related processes, including motility, cell division and cell signalling. To coordinate these diverse cellular processes, centriole (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 24, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Erich A. Nigg Andrew J. Holland Tags: Review Source Type: research

Gene expression: AMPK relieves PRC2-mediated silencing
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 142 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.6 Author: Paulina Strzyz AMPK phosphorylates EZH2 — the catalytic subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex 2, thereby inhibiting its gene suppression function and counteracting its tumorigenic effects. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 24, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Cytoskeleton in high resolution
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 142 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.1 Author: Eva Nogales Eva Nogales looks back at the early days of structure determination of cytoskeletal components. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 24, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Eva Nogales Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Building and decoding ubiquitin chains for mitophagy
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 93 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.129 Authors: J. Wade Harper, Alban Ordureau & Jin-Mi Heo Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. As defects in oxidative phosphorylation can generate harmful reactive oxygen species, it is important that damaged mitochondria are efficiently removed via a selective form of autophagy known as mitophagy. Owing to a combination of (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: J. Wade Harper Alban Ordureau Jin-Mi Heo Tags: Review Source Type: research

Mitochondria: The needless PINK1
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 76 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.4 Author: Kim Baumann Basal mitophagy can occur independently of the kinase PINK1 in mammalian organisms, calling for further studies to elucidate the mechanisms of mitophagy in vivo. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim Baumann Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Stress responses: Reversible sequestration over irreversible aggregation
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 73 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.5 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski In stress conditions the intrinsically disordered region of the prion and translation factor Sup35 promotes reversible protein phase separation instead of the more stable fibrillar aggregation. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Progress in mitochondrial replacement therapies
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 71 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.3 Authors: Mary Herbert & Doug Turnbull Mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited, and pathogenic mutations cause a range of life-limiting conditions. Recent studies indicate that transmission of pathogenic mutations may be prevented by reproductive technologies designed to replace the mitochondria in eggs from affected women. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Mary Herbert Doug Turnbull Tags: Comment Source Type: research

A brave new world of RNA-binding proteins
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 327 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.130 Authors: Matthias W. Hentze, Alfredo Castello, Thomas Schwarzl & Thomas Preiss RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are typically thought of as proteins that bind RNA through one or multiple globular RNA-binding domains (RBDs) and change the fate or function of the bound RNAs. Several hundred such RBPs have been discovered and investigated over the years. Recent proteome-wide studies (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 17, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Matthias W. Hentze Alfredo Castello Thomas Schwarzl Thomas Preiss Tags: Review Source Type: research

Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 213 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.125 Authors: Guillaume van Niel, Gisela D'Angelo & Graça Raposo Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures comprising exosomes and microvesicles, which originate from the endosomal system or which are shed from the plasma membrane, respectively. They are present in biological fluids and are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 17, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Guillaume van Niel Gisela D'Angelo Gra ç a Raposo Tags: Review Source Type: research

A user's guide to the ambiguous word 'epigenetics'
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 207 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.135 Author: John M. Greally The term 'epigenetics' is currently ambiguous, over-encompassing and uncoupled from its historical roots. This reflects interests and insights that have developed over time. In this Comment, I propose that we stop using the word in isolation, and be explicit about which definition we are using to avoid ambiguity in its scientific and public use. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - January 17, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: John M. Greally Tags: Comment Source Type: research

The comeback of hand drawing in modern life sciences
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 137 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.126 Authors: Renaud Chabrier & Carsten Janke Scientific manuscripts are full of images. Since the birth of the life sciences, these images were in a form of hand drawings, with great examples from da Vinci, Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Remak, Buffon, Bovery, Darwin, Huxley, Haeckel and Gray's Anatomy to name a few. However, (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - December 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Renaud Chabrier Carsten Janke Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Mitochondria: back to the future
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 76 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.133 Author: Navdeep S. Chandel Navdeep Chandel highlights a study published in 1996 that — by showing that mitochondria can release cytochrome c to initiate apoptosis — changed his view of the role of mitochondria in physiology. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - December 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Navdeep S. Chandel Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Gene expression: The yin and yang of enhancer – promoter interactions
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 75 (2018). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.136 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski The transcription factor YY1 structurally mediates enhancer–promoter looping interactions and controls gene expression. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - December 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research