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Control of structure-specific endonucleases to maintain genome stability
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 315 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.177 Authors: Pierre-Marie Dehé & Pierre-Henri L. Gaillard Structure-specific endonucleases (SSEs) have key roles in DNA replication, recombination and repair, and emerging roles in transcription. These enzymes have specificity for DNA secondary structure rather than for sequence, and therefore their activity must be precisely controlled to ensure genome stability. In this Review, we (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Pierre-Marie Deh é Pierre-Henri L. Gaillard Tags: Review Source Type: research

Genome Organization: Zooming in on nuclear organization
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 275 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.28 Author: Katharine H. Wrighton Two studies report new methods for studying the 3D genome — one captures three-way contacts and the other calculates 3D structures of genomes in single cells. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Katharine H. Wrighton Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Protein metabolism: Counteracting toxic protein aggregation
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 214 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.24 Author: Kim Baumann Sirtuin 2 deacetylates the amino terminus of α-synuclein, thereby favouring its aggregation and toxicity associated with neurodegenerative diseases. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim Baumann Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Membrane dynamics: PERKs of plasma membrane –ER communication
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 213 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.31 Author: Paulina Strzyz PRKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) is an ER protein that regulates the unfolded protein response, but it has also been implicated in other cellular processes, including calcium (Ca2+) signalling. van Vliet et al. identified actin regulators as important PERK interactors in mammalian (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Chromosome biology: Trimethylation of CENP-A supports mitotic fidelity
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 213 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.30 Author: Paulina Strzyz Centromeres are chromosomal sites for kinetochore assembly, which supports the attachment of spindle microtubules and chromosome segregation. The centromere is specified by the incorporation of the histone H3 variant CENP-A into nucleosomes. CENP-A interacts with components of the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN), which forms the (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Cell signalling: Notch under tension
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 213 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.29 Author: Paulina Strzyz Notch signalling is a conserved pathway that regulates cell fate decisions and is initiated by binding of a transmembrane ligand (Jagged (JAG) or Delta-like (DLL)) to a Notch receptor. This binding is followed by proteolytic cleavage of the receptor, which requires molecular tension. Building on (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Epigenetics: DNA methylation prevents intragenic transcription
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 212 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.25 Author: Eytan Zlotorynski DNA methylation by DNMT3B within the bodies of genes prevents aberrant transcription initiation. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 20, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Eytan Zlotorynski Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Planar cell polarity in development and disease
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 375 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.11 Authors: Mitchell T. Butler & John B. Wallingford Planar cell polarity (PCP) is an essential feature of animal tissues, whereby distinct polarity is established within the plane of a cell sheet. Tissue-wide establishment of PCP is driven by multiple global cues, including gradients of gene expression, gradients of secreted WNT ligands and anisotropic (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 15, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Mitchell T. Butler John B. Wallingford Tags: Review Source Type: research

Regulatory feedback from nascent RNA to chromatin and transcription
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 331 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.12 Authors: Lenka Skalska, Manuel Beltran-Nebot, Jernej Ule & Richard G. Jenner Transcription and chromatin function are regulated by proteins that bind to DNA, nucleosomes or RNA polymerase II, with specific non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) functioning to modulate their recruitment or activity. Unlike ncRNAs, nascent pre-mRNA was considered to be primarily a passive player in these processes. In (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Lenka Skalska Manuel Beltran-Nebot Jernej Ule Richard G. Jenner Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research

In the news
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 212 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.23 Author: Kim Baumann Co-culturing embryonic stem cells and trophoblast stem cells in a 3D scaffold recreates early steps of mouse embryogenesis. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 6, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim Baumann Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Stem cells: Self-consumption will keep your blood young
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 211 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.19 Author: Paulina Strzyz Autophagy is shown to restrict metabolic activation of adult haematopoietic stem cells, thereby contributing to the maintenance of their quiescence and stem cell potential throughout life. (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Paulina Strzyz Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Global treadmilling coordinates actin turnover and controls the size of actin networks
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 18, 389 (2017). doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.172 Authors: Marie-France Carlier & Shashank Shekhar Various cellular processes (including cell motility) are driven by the regulated, polarized assembly of actin filaments into distinct force-producing arrays of defined size and architecture. Branched, linear, contractile and cytosolic arrays coexist in vivo, and cells intricately control the number, length and assembly rate (Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology)
Source: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - March 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Marie-France Carlier Shashank Shekhar Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research