The Valgent4 Protocol: Robust analytical and clinical validation of 11 HPV assays with genotyping on cervical samples collected in SurePath medium
Practically all cervical cancers are derived from an Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection [1 –3] and the causal relation is firmly established between the development of cervical cancer and at least 12HPV genotypes (HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and HPV59, all group 1 carcinogens as classified by IARC) [1,2]. Evidence on the clinical value of HPV testing for triage of bo rderline cervical cytology and test of cure in women who have been treated for pre-invasive cervical lesions is today widely accepted [4–6]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 17, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Jesper Bonde, Ditte M øller Ejegod, Kate Cuschieri, Joakim Dillner, Daniëlle A.M. Heideman, Wim Quint, Miguel Angel Pavon Ribas, Elizaveta Padalko, Irene Kraus Christiansen, Lan Xu, Marc Arbyn Source Type: research
Using a novel rapid viral test to improve triage of emergency department patients with acute respiratory illness during flu season
Acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) cause significant morbidity and mortality in both adult and pediatric patients, especially during winter months. The most common ARI etiology is viral with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) accounting for 40% of cases.[1,2] Every year, influenza is estimated to cause 200,000 hospitalizations and 20,000 deaths in the United States, and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths globally.[3 –5] In addition to immunization, early treatment, social distancing, and good hygiene reduce the incidence and severity of disease.[6–8] (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Courtney J. Pedersen, Daniel T. Rogan, Samuel Yang, James V. Quinn Source Type: research
Evaluation of a new extraction platform in combination with molecular assays useful for monitoring immunosuppressed patients
Immune suppressive therapy after transplantation makes transplant recipients susceptible to a broad range of viral pathogens [1 –6]. Multiple factors can lead to viral reactivation after transplantation, including immune suppressive therapy, graft rejection, inflammation and tissue injury [1,7–11]. The first line therapeutic decision is whether and how to reduce the intensity of immune suppression, because the risk of th is therapy is graft rejection [1,12]. Several viruses including adenoviruses, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), enteroviruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus t...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Nora S. Harbusch, Michael Bozic, Petra M. Konrad, Michaela Winkler, Harald H. Kessler Source Type: research
Clinical impact of rapid molecular detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with acute respiratory infection
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although usually more severe in children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients, all populations and age groups are susceptible. These infections have a significant impact on medical office and emergency department (ED) visits, antimicrobial prescriptions, hospitalizations and lost time from work and school. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 14, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: M. Echavarr ía, D.N. Marcone, M. Querci, A. Seoane, M. Ypas, C. Videla, C. O'Farrell, S. Vidaurreta, J. Ekstrom, G. Carballal Source Type: research
PCR assays for detection of human astroviruses: in silico evaluation and design, and in vitro application to samples collected from patients in the Netherlands
Following the discovery of astrovirus in human stool [1], diverse astroviruses were described in humans and other hosts. They were classified in the family Astroviridae that is composed of two genera, Mamastrovirus and Avastrovirus [2]. Human astroviruses (HAstV) belong to the genus Mamastrovirus that includes four established species: Mamastrovirus 1 (MAstV1; classic HAstV or HAstV-C, types 1-8), Mamastrovirus 6 (MAstV6; known as HAstV-MLB, types 1-3), and closely related Mamastrovirus 8 and Mamastrovirus 9 (MAstV8 and MAstV9; both known as HAstV-VA/HMO, types 1-5 and A-C, respectively), and HAstV-BF34 a prototype of a pu...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 13, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: R.H.T. Nijhuis, I.A. Sidorov, P.K. Chung, E. Wessels, A.A Gulyaeva, J.J. de Vries, E.C.J. Claas, A.E. Gorbalenya Source Type: research
Measurement of plasma HIV-1 RNA below the limit of quantification ( < 20 copies/mL) of commercial assays with the integrase HIV RNA single-copy assay
Plasma HIV-1 RNA or viral load (VL) is frequently measured in both clinical practice and in clinical trials of antiretroviral therapy (ART) using FDA-approved assays such as the Cobas-TaqMan HIV-1 Assay v2.0 (Roche). The Cobas-TaqMan assay provides quantification of viremia ≥20 copies/mL, with lower values reported as: (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 10, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: N. Margot, D. Koontz, S. McCallister, J.W. Mellors, C. Callebaut Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS MESSENGER RNA VERSUS DNA screening TESTS at baseline and 48 months IN THE HPV FOCAL Trial
Screening programs are beginning to replace Pap cytology with high-risk (hr) HPV for primary cervical cancer screening (1 –3). Multiple randomized trials utilizing the Hybrid Capture 2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test (HC2) (4–7), GP5/GP6 PCR-based hrHPV assays (8) and the cobas 4800 HPV test (9) have demonstrated earlier detection of high-grade cervical lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 2 or worse [CIN 2+]) compared to cytology, which reflects the safety of extending the re-screening interval following negative primary hrHPV DNA screening. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 10, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Darrel A. Cook, Laurie W. Smith, Jennifer H. Law, Wendy Mei, Lovedeep Gondara, Dirk J. van Niekerk, Kathy M. Ceballos, Dan Jang, Max Chernesky, Eduardo L. Franco, Gina S. Ogilvie, Andrew J. Coldman, Mel Krajden Source Type: research
Validation of EUROArray HPV test using the VALGENT framework
The association of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types with cervical high-grade lesions and cancer [1] has increased the use of HPV testing for cervical screening [2]. A number of HPV DNA tests detect viral nucleic acids with a variety of different read-outs [3] including those with genotyping capability. The introduction of genotyping assays in clinical practice may be useful to discriminate between hrHPV positive women at higher risk of cancer and has already been recommended as a triage of primary HPV infection in certain guidelines [4,5]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 10, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Jessica Viti, Mario Poljak, Anja O štrbenk, Ramya Bhatia, Elia Alcañiz Boada, Alyssa M. Cornall, Kate Cuschieri, Suzanne Garland, Lan Xu, Marc Arbyn Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in Pakistan using Next Generation Sequencing
Nearly 3% of the World ’s population is infected with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) that is a leading cause of liver disease [1]. HCV belongs to family Flaviviridae and classified into seven major genotypes and many subtypes based on sequence variability [2,3]. The most significant feature of HCV is that it becomes chronic in nearly 50-80% of individuals. [4]. There is no vaccine against HCV. The current standard of care is the use of direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) and has shown high SVR (Sustained Virological Response) rate [5]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 8, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Sana Saleem, Amjad Ali, Bushra Khubaib, Madiha Akram, Zareen Fatima, Muhammad Idrees Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A6 circulating in Hong Kong reveals common neurological manifestations and emergence of novel recombinant groups
Human enteroviruses are responsible for wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from febrile exanthema to meningitis and myocarditis. While enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the most common pathogens causing hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in young children, infections caused by other enteroviruses are increasingly reported. CV-A6, belonging to enterovirus species A (EV-A) is a major pathogen of herpangina and an emerging cause of HFMD in Asia [1 –4]. CV-A6 infections with neurological involvement, such as acute flaccid paralysis and aseptic meningitis are also increasingly reported [5–8]. (Sou...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - September 8, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Susanna K.P. Lau, Pyrear S.H. Zhao, Siddharth Sridhar, Cyril C.Y. Yip, Kam Leng Aw-Yong, Elaine Y.Y. Chow, Kelvin C.M. Cheung, Rex W.H. Hui, Ryan Y.H. Leung, Yuki S.K. Lai, Alan K.L. Wu, Kelvin K.W. To, Patrick C.Y. Woo, Kwok-Yung Yuen Source Type: research
High-risk HPV detection and associated cervical lesions in a population of French menopausal women
In many developed countries including France, implementation of cervical cancer screening programs based on cervical cytology (Pap-smear) led to a dramatic decrease in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. In France, cervical screening is currently based on a cervical smear every three years after two annual consecutive normal cervical smears for women age 25 to 65 years. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - August 31, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Naouel Tifaoui, Thierry Maudelonde, Jacques Combecal, Roselyne Vallo, Sylviane Doutre, Marie-No ëlle Didelot, Nicolas Nagot, Michel Segondy, Nathalie Boulle Source Type: research
Risk stratification of cervical disease using detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) E4 protein and cellular MCM protein in clinical liquid based cytology samples
Clinically insignificant cervical disease represents transient, asymptomatic HPV infections that are cleared by the immune system [1]. Clinically significant infections are not cleared/not detected by the immune system leading to persistent infections that can progress to cancer [2,3]. The high prevalence of clinically insignificant HPV infections, particularly in young women, means the HPV DNA tests in clinical use can lack specificity because they detect presence or absence of viral nucleic acid but cannot measure virus activity. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - August 31, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Andrew Stevenson, Kim Kavanagh, Jiafeng Pan, Lynne Stevenson, Heather Griffin, John Doorbar, Evelyn Scott, Miriam Deeny, Kate Cuschieri, Sheila V. Graham Source Type: research
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing Capabilities and Practices Among National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System Laboratories, United States, 2016
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that often causes mild respiratory symptoms, but can present as more serious disease in young infants, older adults, and persons of all ages with certain underlying medical conditions [1]. In young children (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - August 30, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Kristen E. Allen, Christina Chommanard, Amber K. Haynes, Dean D. Erdman, Susan I. Gerber, Lindsay Kim Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Diagnostic performance of multiplex PCR on pulmonary samples versus nasopharyngeal aspirates in community-acquired severe lower respiratory tract infections
Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The identification of causative agents in severe community-acquired LRTI is mandatory for efficient clinical monitoring and treatment as clinical signs are poor etiological indicators. Until recently, two laboratory approaches have been used: one to identify bacterial infections from various pulmonary samples such as sputum, endotracheal aspirates, or bronchoalveolar lavage and one to identify respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal aspirates, using generally low sensitivity assays, such as viral culture or antigen detec...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - August 29, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Sylvie Robert, Claire Lhommet, C écile Le Brun, Denis Garot, Annick Legras, Julie Mankikian, Alain Goudeau Source Type: research
The association between human papillomavirus 16, 18 DNA load and E6 protein expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women around the world, with an estimated 528,000 new cases and 266,000 deaths each year [1]. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is now recognized as the cause of cervical cancer. The most common types detected in cervical cancer worldwide are HPV16 and HPV18 [1,2]. Although HPV DNA testing has been extensively studied for primary cervical cancer screening [3,4], this testing is currently not yet widely used. HPV infection is common, but more than 90% of HPV infections are transient and can be cleared in 1-2 years [5]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - August 28, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Zeni Wu, Lulu Yu, Xiaoqin Lei, Yu Qin, Xun Zhang, Wen Chen, Youlin Qiao Source Type: research
