A near full-length open reading frame next generation sequencing assay for genotyping and identification of resistance-associated variants in hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family with a genome of ∼ 9,600 nucleotides. The genome encodes three structural proteins (core, E1, E2) and seven non-structural proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B) [1,2]. There are 7 recognized genotypes with up to 35% nucleotide divergence and more than 80 accepted subtypes [3,4]. Treatment with direc t acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting the NS3 protease, NS5A and the NS5 B polymerase has increased efficacy of antiviral treatment [5]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - June 1, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: M.S. Pedersen, U. Fahn øe, T.A. Hansen, A.G. Pedersen, H. Jenssen, J. Bukh, K. Schønning Source Type: research
Course of HEV viremia and anti-HEV IgM/IgG response in asymptomatic blood donors
Hepatitis E is an infectious liver disease caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), a RNA virus of the family Hepeviridae (genus Hepevirus) [1]. Globally, an estimated 20 million HEV infections occur every year, causing approximately 70,000 deaths [2]. A recent meta-analysis found anti-HEV sero-prevalence rates ranging from 0.6% to 52.5% in different European countries [3]. In Germany 16.8% of the general population have been found to be anti-HEV IgG seropositive and 0.08% to 0.12% blood donations have been found to be HEV-RNA positive [4 –7]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 28, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Christian Kraef, Christian Schlein, Jens Hiller, Dirk Westh ölter, Ulrike Denzer, Thomas Horvatits, Sven Peine, Ansgar W. Lohse, Marc Luetgehetmann, Susanne Polywka, Sven Pischke Source Type: research
Low Zika virus seroprevalence among pregnant women in North Central Nigeria, 2016
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, which caused an unprecedented outbreak on islands in the Pacific region in 2013/14 and subsequently in the Americas in 2015 [1]. ZIKV was first isolated in Uganda in 1947 but largely remained obscured in tropical Africa and parts of Asia. The majority of human infections remain asymptomatic but recent evidence showed that ZIKV infection can lead to congenital birth defects and severe neurological disorders [2]. Although ZIKV has been known for decades there is little contemporary data on the prevalence of ZIKV in Africa. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 26, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Philipp Math é, Daniel Z. Egah, Janis A. Müller, Nathan Y. Shehu, Emmanuel T. Obishakin, David D. Shwe, Victor C. Pam, Mark O. Okolo, Christopher Yilgwan, Simji S. Gomerep, Jonas Fuchs, Ibrahim Abok, Kenneth I. Onyedibe, Ewa J. Olugbo, Samson E. Isa, Sa Source Type: research
Evaluation of Seegene Allplex Respiratory Panel 1 kit for the detection of influenza virus and human respiratory syncytial virus
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) represent a major threat to public health. Influenza virus (FLUV) and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) respiratory infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in both pediatric and adult population worldwide [1,2]. Seasonal FLUV has been estimated to affect 5-10% of the world ’s population [3] and by the age of two, practically all children are estimated to have been infected at least once with HRSV [4]. An early identification of the causative pathogen is essential for a prompt and appropriate patient management [5]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 25, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Laura Gimferrer, Cristina Andr és, Ariadna Rando, Maria Piñana, Maria Gema Codina, Maria del Carmen Martin, Francisco Fuentes, Susana Rubio, Pilar Alcubilla, Tomàs Pumarola, Andrés Antón Source Type: research
Prevalence of Cervical, Oral, and Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women Living with HIV in Denmark – The SHADE Cohort study
Five percent of the world ’s cancer burden is attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection [1], and people living with HIV (PLWH) have elevated risk of HPV related cancers at different anatomical sites, compared to their HIV-negative peers [2–4]. Especially increased risk of HPV-related cervical cancer (CC) [2,5– 9], oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) [5,10,11], and anal cancer (AC) [5,12] has been reported [2,5–9]. Whereas HPV is the causal agent of CC, the prevalence of HPV in OPCs is 25-46% [13,14] and 58-100% in ACs [15,16]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 25, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Kristina Thorsteinsson, Merete Storgaard, Terese L. Katzenstein, Steen Ladelund, Frederikke F R önsholt, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Gitte Pedersen, Anne Gaardsting, Lars Nørregård Nielsen, Jesper Bonde, Anne-Mette Lebech Source Type: research
Accumulated Pre-Switch Resistance to More Recently Introduced One-Pill-Once-a-Day Antiretroviral Regimens Impacts HIV-1 Virologic Outcome
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is a major challenge to sustained virologic suppression [1]. Atripla (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), emtricitabine, efavirenz), the first one-pill-once-a-day (OPOD) regimen, has appealed to providers and patients since 2006, with improved ease of use and virologic suppression compared to multi-pill regimens [2 –8]. Complera (rilpivirine, TDF, emtricitabine) and Stribild (elvitegravir, cobicistat, TDF, emtricitabine) became additional OPOD options in 2011 and 2012 [9,10], addressing Atripla’s limitations, mostly side-effects, teratogenicity concerns, and low genetic resistanc...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Rebecca Reece, Allison Delong, D ’Antuono Matthew, Karen Tashima, Rami Kantor Source Type: research
An Ultra-Sensitive Abbott ARCHITECT ® Assay for the Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg)
In 2017, the global prevalence of HBV infection in the general population was 3.5% with an estimated 257 million persons were infected, leading to over 880,000 deaths [1]. The most important serological marker of HBV infection is Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) [2]. An individual is likely infectious when HBsAg is present, and antigen concentration roughly correlates with infection level and disease severity [3]. Infection can also be detected by ultra-sensitive nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAT) for HBV DNA [4]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Sheng Lou, Russell Taylor, Sandra Pearce, Mary Kuhns, Thomas Leary Source Type: research
Analytical performance of the Hologic Aptima HBV Quant Assay and the COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HBV test v2.0 for the quantification of HBV DNA in plasma samples
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) may cause chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB). The occurrence of CHB is dependent on the age of the individual acquiring infection [1]. The majority of infected adults achieves immune control of the infection and does not possess markers of active virus infection. In contrast, infection acquired perinatally or in early childhood often establishes CHB. CHB is associated with significant risk for development of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk for these complications is strongly associated with the levels of HBV DNA present in serum or plasma [2,3]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Kristian Sch ønning, Kim Johansen, Lone Gilmor Nielsen, Nina Weis, Henrik Westh Source Type: research
Chronic sequelae and severe complications of norovirus infection: a systematic review of literature
Worldwide, norovirus has been estimated to cause 18% of all acute gastroenteritis cases [1], ranging from mild to severe (hospitalized).Norovirus infection is generally seen as a mild and self-limiting acute gastroenteritis. However, less well understood are potentially severe or long-term effects after a norovirus infection. Norovirus is found to be associated with mortality in studies using outbreak data, syndromic surveillance, or case-based death certificates [2 –6]. In addition to mortality, norovirus illness has been reported in relation to several severe or life-threatening complications as well as chronic sequela...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 14, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Mariska Petrignani, Linda Verhoef, Miranda de Graaf, Jan Hendrik Richardus, Marion Koopmans Tags: Review Source Type: research
Performance of the Alere Determine ™ HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo Rapid Test with Algorithm-defined Acute HIV-1 Infection Specimens
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published updated guidelines in 2014 for laboratory diagnosis of HIV in the United States, which recommend use of an HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) combination immunoassay (IA) as the primary screening test in the algorithm [1]. The capacity of Ag/Ab IAs to detect HIV-1 p24 antigen has resulted in a reduction of the diagnostic window period and improved detection of HIV-1 infections in comparison to Ab-only screening assays [3 –7]. Identifying individuals with acute HIV-1 infection allows for early treatment, which can reduce transmission, improves health outcomes fo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 14, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Monica M. Parker, S. Berry Bennett, Timothy J. Sullivan, Sally Fordan, Laura G. Wesolowski, Kelly Wroblewski, Anne M. Gaynor Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Corrigendum to ‘Reactivation of BK polyomavirus during pregnancy, vertical transmission, and clinical significance: A meta-analysis’ [J. Clin. Virol. 102 (2018) 56–62]
The authors regret that in the above paper an important study by McClure et al. [1] was accidentally not included due to an error during the transfer of data. The investigators conducted a high-quality, prospective longitudinal study assessing urine specimens (using real-time polymerase chain reaction) to identity BK virus from 179 healthy women during uncomplicated pregnancies and 37 healthy non-pregnant women. Thus, we have now included this important information in our analysis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 11, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Wisit Cheungpasitporn, Charat Thongprayoon, Iasmina M. Craici, Konika Sharma, Supavit Chesdachai, Nadeen J. Khoury, Amy S. Ettore Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 10, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
ESCV Membership
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 10, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
PASCV Membership
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 10, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Genetic Diversity of Human Sapovirus across the Americas
Since the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, norovirus has become the leading cause of medically-attended acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in many countries including the US [1,2]. Of the other viruses associated with AGE, sapoviruses have increasingly been detected in endemic and epidemic AGE [3 –6]. Using real-time RT-PCR, studies from low-, middle-, and high-income countries have shown that the prevalence of sapovirus in children (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 6, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Marta Diez-Valcarce, Christina J. Castro, Rachel L. Marine, Natasha Halasa, Holger Mayta, Mayuko Saito, Laura Tsaknaridis, Chao-Yang Pan, Filemon Bucardo, Sylvia Becker-Dreps, Maria Renee Lopez, Laura Cristal Maga ña, Terry Fei Fan Ng, Jan Vinjé Source Type: research
