Prevalence and stability of antibodies to thirteen polyomaviruses and association with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based study
Sun exposure is the main risk factor for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), particularly in people with fair skin [1]. Organ transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapy have considerably increased risk of cSCC [2], suggesting that viruses may also play a role. Recently several new members of the polyomavirus (PyV) family have been identified and there are indications that these may contribute to the development of cSCC [3]. The most frequently studied HPyV is Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), and its integration in Merkel cell carcinoma tumours is the strongest evidence for HPyV involvement in human oncogenesis...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 3, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Annika Antonsson, Rachel E. Neale, Peter O ’Rourke, Leesa Wockner, Angelika Michel, Michael Pawlita, Tim Waterboer, Adèle C. Green Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Oligoadenylate synthetase 3 S381R gene polymorphism is associated with severity of EV71 infection in Chinese children
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a positive-sense RNA virus belonging to species Enterovirus A, and is a member of family Picornaviridae. Since it was first isolated from stool specimen in a child with central nervous system in 1969, a large outbreak of EV71 infections have occurred across the Asia-Pacific region, causing great economic and social burden [1 –4]. Compared with other enteroviruses, EV71 can cause fatal neurological complications because of its neurotropism [5]. There is a quantity of evidence for the major role of sympathetic hyperactivity and inflammatory responses in the earliest stages of EV71 infections [6–8...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 3, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Yedan Liu, Peipei Liu, Shihai Liu, Ya Guo, Hongfang He, Chengqing Yang, Jie Song, Na Zhang, Jianguo Cheng, Zongbo Chen Source Type: research
Kinetics of viral load and cytokines in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious viral disease in China, Japan, and Korea. The SFTS virus (SFTSV) belongs to the genus Phlebovirus of the family Bunyavirus and was first identified by a group of Chinese medical researchers [1]. The major clinical signs and symptoms of SFTS are fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytopenia. Multiple organ failure can sometimes occur, with a mortality rate of 6 –30% [1–3]. A previous study that used a pathogenic mouse model of SFTS reported that the viral RNA was detected and enriched primarily in the spleen duri...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 3, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Ji-Soo Kwon, Min-Chul Kim, Ji Yeun Kim, Na-Young Jeon, Byung-Han Ryu, Jeongmin Hong, Min-Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Sung-Han Kim Source Type: research
Severe hantavirus disease in children
Hantavirus disease is an emerging zoonosis which occurs worldwide [1]. The pathogenesis of hantavirus disease is characterized by changes in blood coagulation, vasodilatation and disturbances in the barrier function of the capillaries, resulting in extravasation of blood and inflammatory processes in the affected organs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 3, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Tamara K. Dzagurova, Evgeniy A. Tkachenko, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov, Mariya V. Balovneva, Boris Klempa, Detlev H. Kruger Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Continuing global improvement in Human Papillomavirus DNA genotyping services: The 2013 and 2014 HPV LabNet International Proficiency Studies
Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor for cervical cancer [1]. Twelve HPV types are classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) [2], of which HPV 16 is the most carcinogenic type [2]. Accurate and internationally comparable HPV DNA detection and genotyping methodology is essential both for HPV vaccine research and for effective implementation and monitoring of HPV vaccination programs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 3, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Carina Eklund, Ola Forslund, Keng-Ling Wallin, Joakim Dillner Source Type: research
Performance of the cobas Hepatitis B virus (HBV) test using the cobas 4800 system and comparison of HBV DNA quantification ability between the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HBV test version 2.0 and cobas HBV test
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Individuals with chronic HBV infection are at risk for cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment against HBV aims to maintain undetectable HBV DNA levels and to improve the prognosis of HBV-related liver disease. Despite advances in vaccination and treatment, the global burden of HBV remains high. Approximately 30% of the world's population shows serological evidence of a current or past HBV infection, and an estimated 257 million people were living with chronic HBV infection globally in 2015 [1,2]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 1, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Kyung-Hwa Shin, Hyun-Ji Lee, Chulhun L. Chang, Hyung-Hoi Kim Source Type: research
Prevalence of pre-treatment hepatitis C virus NS5A resistance associated amino-acid substitutions in genotype 1A infected patients in Scotland
Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionised Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, as they produce dramatically improved response rates (up to 98%) with greatly reduced treatment durations (around 12 weeks) [1,2]. However, due to the high error-rate of the HCV RNA polymerase together with a high viral replication rate, resistance associated amino-acid substitutions (RAS) can exist at baseline in treatment na ïve individuals [3,4]. The presence of one or more polymorphisms at NS5A amino acid positions; K24, K26, M28, Q30, L31, P32, H58, A92 or Y93, has been shown to be associated with lower rates of sustained virologic...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 1, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Amanda Bradley-Stewart, Emily Goldstein, Alasdair MacLean, Rory Gunson Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 1, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
ESCV Membership
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 1, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
PASCV Membership
(Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 1, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Hepatitis E outbreak at a nursing home for aged people in Hokkaido, Japan, between February and March 2016
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) often causes acute hepatitis, and 4 main genotypes have been isolated from humans [1]. In developing countries, two human-specific HEV genotypes (1 and 2) have been identified and are transmitted generally through contaminated water by the fecal-oral route. It has recently become apparent that autochthonous HEV is also widely distributed in industrialized countries. In these countries, HEV genotypes 3 and 4, which are classified as zoonotic agents, are transmitted to humans through the digestion of contaminated food, particularly undercooked or raw pork. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Setsuko Ishida, Kaori Matsuura, Shima Yoshizumi, Masahiro Miyoshi, Takahisa Sugisawa, Mitsuhiro Tanida, Motohiko Okano Source Type: research
Laboratory findings in Zika infection: the experience of a reference centre in North-West Italy
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne member of the Flaviviridae family, is the focus of a great public health concern due to its association with fetal malformation and neurologic disease. While ZIKV was previously limited to sporadic cases in Africa and Asia, but in the year 2015 it rapidly spread to Brazil and throughout the Americas and Caribbean causing 0.5 –1.5 million human infections [1–5]. Moreover, in 2016, due to the Olympic Games in Brazil, an increasing number of travelers from the Americas have been observed during the period of vector activity (May–November). (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Elisa Burdino, Maria Grazia Milia, Tiziano Allice, Gabriella Gregori, Tina Ruggiero, Guido Calleri, Filippo Lipani, Anna Lucchini, Giulietta Venturi, Giovanni Di Perri, Valeria Ghisetti Source Type: research
Recommendations for enterovirus diagnostics and characterisation within and beyond Europe
Enteroviruses (EVs) and human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are members of the Enterovirus genus of the virus family Picornaviridae. EVs infecting humans are classified into four species (A –D) and HRVs into three species (A–C) on the basis of genetic divergence [1]. The most well-known are polioviruses (PV), classified within species C enteroviruses and the target of a global polio eradication program. This guideline focuses on the detection and characterisation of non-polio enter oviruses. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 17, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Heli Harvala, Eeva Broberg, Kimberley Benschop, Natasa Berginc, Shamez Ladhani, Petri Susi, Claus Christiansen, James McKenna, David Allen, Phoebe Makiello, Georgina McAllister, Mirabelli Carmen, Katherina Zakikhany, Robert Dyrdak, Xiaohui Nielsen, Tina M Tags: Review Source Type: research
Diagnosis of HIV-1 infection: Performance of Xpert Qual and Geenius supplemental assays in fourth generation ELISA-reactive samples
The laboratory testing algorithm for the diagnosis of HIV infection, updated and issued in 2014 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), recommends addition of an HIV-1 RNA-specific molecular assay to confirm or deny HIV infection for samples reactive in fourth generation screening assays and negative or indeterminate in the confirmation immunoassay [1]. Both the Aptima HIV-1 RNA (Gen-Probe Incorporated, San Diego, CA, USA) and the Xpert QUAL HIV-1 (XQ, Cepheid, CA, USA) qualitative HIV-1 RNA assays qualify for such cases [2,3]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Aviya Rakovsky, Yael Gozlan, Ravit Bassal, Marina Wax, Rachel Shirazi, Mary Bakhanashvili, Zipi Kra-Oz, Sara Radian-Sadeh, Haim Ben-Zvi, Licita Schreiber, Dana Wolf, Yonat Shemer-Avni, Daniel Chemtob, Ella Mendelson, Orna Mor Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Diagnostic value of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV18 viral loads for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) in a cohort of African women living with HIV
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and the most common cancer and main cause of cancer mortality in women living in low income and developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa [1,2]. Virtually all cases of cervical cancer result from a persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV), HPV16 and HPV18 being associated with over 70% invasive cervical cancer cases [3]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Michel Segondy, Jean Ngou, Helen Kelly, Tanvier Omar, Olga Goumbri-Lompo, Sylviane Doutre, Philippe Mayaud, Marie-Noelle Didelot Source Type: research
