Reactivation of BK Polyomavirus during Pregnancy, Vertical Transmission, and Clinical Significance: A Meta-Analysis
BK Polyomavirus is a small double-stranded circular DNA virus in the Polyomaviridae family, infecting a substantial proportion of humans worldwide [1 –3]. Primary infection with BK virus occurs during early childhood and is usually asymptomatic [1]. BK seroprevalence increases with age (approximately 70% of children are infected by the age of 10 years, and greater than 80% of adults become BK seropositive) [1,4]. In immunosuppressed states, esp ecially after kidney transplantation, reactivation of BK virus can cause BK viremia and BK nephropathy, associated with allograft loss [3]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 24, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Wisit Cheungpasitporn, Charat Thongprayoon, Iasmina M. Craici, Konika Sharma, Supavit Chesdachai, Nadeen J. Khoury, Amy S. Ettore Source Type: research
Performance of the OraQuick Hepatitis C virus antibody test in oral fluid and fingerstick blood before and after treatment-induced viral clearance
Chronic hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection leading to cirrhosis has been the main liver transplant indication for the last 15 years, before the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAA). HCV still represents considerable economic burden on health systems worldwide with an estimated 71 million people chronically infected [1 –3] and 700,000 annual deaths because of untreated chronic infection [4]. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended screening in individuals considered to be at high risk of contracting the infection [5,6]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 24, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Carmina Pallar és, Ângela Carvalho-Gomes, Vanessa Hontangas, Isabel Conde, Tommaso Di Maira, Victoria Aguilera, Salvador Benlloch, Marina Berenguer, F. Xavier López-Labrador Source Type: research
Diagnosis and Monitoring of HCV infection using the cobas ® HCV test for use on the cobas® 6800/8800 system
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant threat to global public health. Worldwide, 71 million people are estimated to be affected [1], and the progressive liver damage that can ensue has severe consequences including cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma [2,3]. The landscape of chronic hepatitis C changed dramatically with the introduction of oral, direct acting antiviral (DAA) drugs. These regimens are well tolerated, can be administered for short duration, and are highly effective, producing cure (sustained virologic response, “SVR”) in>95% of treated individuals, across almost all ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 24, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Joseph D. Yao, Stephen Young, Gabrielle M. Heilek, Enrique Marino, Ellen E. Paxinos, Ed G. Marins, Alexandra Valsamakis Source Type: research
Donor EBV at the time of hematopoietic cell transplantation: Is it time to adopt molecular assays?
We read with interest the study by Solano et al. on the clinical use of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) [1]. We fully agree that EBV DNA kinetics may not be useful in the management of EBV infection. Nevertheless, it still remains unclear whether donor EBV DNA is of clinical significance for post-transplant complications. Recent evidence implicates donor Epstein –Barr virus (EBV) serostatus in the development of acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) [2]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Ioanna Sakellari, Apostolia Papalexandri, Despina Mallouri, Ioannis Batsis, Michail Iskas, Aliki Xochelli, Anastasia Marvaki, Eleni Gavriilaki, Anna Vardi, Panagiota Zerva, Tasoula Touloumenidou, Achilles Anagnostopoulos Source Type: research
Clinical decision making in the emergency department setting using rapid PCR: Results of the CLADE study group
Seasonal influenza is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality contributing to>200,000 hospitalizations and up to 50,000 deaths annually in the United States alone [1]. Diagnostics are frequently challenged by circulating influenza strains and debates over the ideal test(s) for suspected influenza cases are long standing [2,3]. Balancing needs for rapid, sensitive, cost-effective testing is difficult. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is acknowledged as gold-standard testing for influenza because many enzyme immune-assays (EIA) lack sensitivity [2]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Glen T. Hansen, Johanna Moore, Emily Herding, Tami Gooch, Diane Hirigoyen, Kevan Hanson, Marcia Deike Source Type: research
Long-term stability of CMV DNA in human breast milk
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital viral infection and leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss and neurodevelopmental impairment in full-term infants [1]. It is also the most common intrauterine and perinatal viral infection among immunocompromised very low birth weight (VLBW) infants causing morbidity and mortality [2,3]. CMV infection acquired postnatally may result in severe and possibly life-threatening disease in premature infants [4 –6]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Soya S. Sam, Jessica Ingersoll, Lori D. Racsa, Angela M. Caliendo, Patrick N. Racsa, Doris Igwe, Deborah Abdul-Ali, Cassandra Josephson, Colleen S. Kraft Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Donor EBV at the time of hematopoietic cell transplantation: is it time to adopt molecular assays?
We read with interest the study by Solano et al. on the clinical use of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) [1]. We fully agree that EBV DNA kinetics may not be useful in the management of EBV infection. Nevertheless, it still remains unclear whether donor EBV DNA is of clinical significance for post-transplant complications. Recent evidence implicates donor Epstein –Barr virus (EBV) serostatus in the development of acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) [2]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Ioanna Sakellari, Apostolia Papalexandri, Despina Mallouri, Ioannis Batsis, Michail Iskas, Aliki Xochelli, Anastasia Marvaki, Eleni Gavriilaki, Anna Vardi, Panagiota Zerva, Tasoula Touloumenidou, Achilles Anagnostopoulos Source Type: research
Clinical Decision Making in the Emergency Department Setting using Rapid PCR: Results of the CLADE Study Group
Seasonal influenza is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality contributing to>200,000 hospitalizations and up to 50,000 deaths annually in the United States alone [1]. Diagnostics are frequently challenged by circulating influenza strains and debates over the ideal test(s) for suspected influenza cases are long standing [2,3]. Balancing needs for rapid, sensitive, cost-effective testing is difficult. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is acknowledged as gold-standard testing for influenza because many enzyme immune-assays (EIA) lack sensitivity [2]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Glen T. Hansen, Johanna Moore, Emily Herding, Tami Gooch, Diane Hirigoyen, Kevan Hanson, Marcia Deike Source Type: research
Long-term stability of CMV DNA in human breast milk
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital viral infection and leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss and neurodevelopmental impairment in full-term infants [1]. It is also the most common intrauterine and perinatal viral infection among immunocompromised very low birth weight (VLBW) infants causing morbidity and mortality [2,3]. CMV infection acquired postnatally may result in severe and possibly life-threatening disease in premature infants [4 –6]. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Soya S. Sam, Jessica Ingersoll, Lori D. Racsa, Angela M. Caliendo, Patrick N. Racsa, Doris Igwe, Deborah Abdul-Ali, Cassandra Josephson, Colleen S. Kraft Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Epidemiology and seasonality of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children over four consecutive years (2012 –2016)
Over recent years, the development of multiplex molecular biology techniques has enabled the rapid detection of respiratory viruses in many different contexts. Indeed, the rapid identification of respiratory pathogens has modified and improved the preventive and curative management of patients. It has been clearly shown that the rapid, accurate identification of respiratory specimens can have a significant impact on disease progression; this enables the introduction of appropriate therapy, decreases the unnecessary use of antimicrobial agents, and thus limits the risk of secondary infections in medical establishments [1]. ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Adrien Fillatre, Catherine Fran çois, Christine Segard, Gilles Duverlie, Denise Hecquet, Christine Pannier, Catherine Roussel, Patricia Zawadzki, Etienne Brochot, Sandrine Castelain Source Type: research
Human CD134 (OX40) expressed on T cells plays a key role for human herpesvirus 6B replication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Human herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) is a T cell tropic virus which belongs to the betaherpesvirus subfamily. Human herpesvirus-6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B were classified by International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses as distinct species according to genetic and antigenic differences and cell tropism [1 –5]. While the pathogenesis of HHV-6A is still unknown, HHV-6B is the causative agent for exanthem subitum [6] and the virus remains latent after primary infection. In an immunocompromised host, such as a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), HHV-6B can reac tivate and occasionally causes e...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Satoshi Nagamata, Miwako Nagasaka, Akiko Kawabata, Kenji Kishimoto, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Yoshiyuki Kosaka, Takeshi Mori, Ichiro Morioka, Noriyuki Nishimura, Kazumoto Iijima, Hideto Yamada, Shinichiro Kawamoto, Kimikazu Yakushijin, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Yasuko Source Type: research
Epidemiology and seasonality of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children over four consecutive years (2012 –2016)
Over recent years, the development of multiplex molecular biology techniques has enabled the rapid detection of respiratory viruses in many different contexts. Indeed, the rapid identification of respiratory pathogens has modified and improved the preventive and curative management of patients. It has been clearly shown that the rapid, accurate identification of respiratory specimens can have a significant impact on disease progression; this enables the introduction of appropriate therapy, decreases the unnecessary use of antimicrobial agents, and thus limits the risk of secondary infections in medical establishments [1]. ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Adrien Fillatre, Catherine Fran çois, Christine Segard, Gilles Duverlie, Denise Hecquet, Christine Pannier, Catherine Roussel, Patricia Zawadzki, Etienne Brochot, Sandrine Castelain Source Type: research
Human CD134 (OX40) expressed on T cells plays a key role for human herpesvirus 6B replication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Human herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) is a T cell tropic virus which belongs to the betaherpesvirus subfamily. Human herpesvirus-6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B were classified by International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses as distinct species according to genetic and antigenic differences and cell tropism [1 –5]. While the pathogenesis of HHV-6A is still unknown, HHV-6B is the causative agent for exanthem subitum [6] and the virus remains latent after primary infection. In an immunocompromised host, such as a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), HHV-6B can reac tivate and occasionally causes e...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Satoshi Nagamata, Miwako Nagasaka, Akiko Kawabata, Kenji Kishimoto, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Yoshiyuki Kosaka, Takeshi Mori, Ichiro Morioka, Noriyuki Nishimura, Kazumoto Iijima, Hideto Yamada, Shinichiro Kawamoto, Kimikazu Yakushijin, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Yasuko Source Type: research
Standardization of rubella immunoassays
Rubella virus (RV) is only found in humans and is transmitted by aerosol via the respiratory tract. It is responsible of a mild viral disease that typically occured in childhood before introduction of vaccination. The risks of congenital infection and defects depend on the gestational age at infection. A RV infection during embryogenesis often leads to the classic triad of cataracts, cardiac abnormalities and sensorineural deafness, but many other defects may be observed. RV was first isolated in 1962, in the following years serologic assays were developed, and in 1969, three rubella vaccines (HPV-77, Cendehill and RA27/3)...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: C. Vauloup-Fellous Source Type: research
Next generation sequencing reveals a high frequency of CXCR4 utilizing viruses in HIV-1 chronically infected drug experienced individuals in South Africa
The entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target cells is mediated by the virus ’ envelope glycoproteins. Specifically, gp120 interacts with the CD4 receptor and co-receptors, either CCR5 or CXCR4 [1]. Viruses with the ability to use CCR5 are classified as R5 viruses, those that use CXCR4 are classified as X4 viruses, while those that use both co-receptors are referred to as dual tropic (R5X4 viruses) [2]. R5X4 viruses are further classified as dual-R (R5+X4, a mixture of R5 and X4 viruses with R5 existing as majority and X4 as minority) or dual-X (R5X4+ a mixture of R5 and X4 viruses with X4 existing...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 15, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Nontokozo D. Matume, Denis M. Tebit, Laurie R. Gray, Marie-Louise Hammarskjold, David Rekosh, Pascal O. Bessong Source Type: research
