Altered expression of p97/Valosin containing protein and impaired autophagy in preeclamptic human placenta
The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of UPP (p97/VCP and Ub), autophagosomal (p62 and LC3) and autolysosomal proteins (Lamp1 and Lamp2) in the normal and preeclamptic human placentas and to explore the regulatory mechanism of these proteins in autophagic pathway. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 31, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Asker Zeki Ozsoy, Sevil Cayli, Cansu Sahin, Seda Ocakli, Tugba Ozdemir Sanc ı, Delibas Bahri İlhan Source Type: research
Estrogen-related receptor γ regulates expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in fetal growth restriction
Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD17B1) have important roles in cell invasion and in the proliferation of many types of cancer cells. However, it remains unknown whether ERRγ and HSD17B1 contribute to abnormal placental structure and dysfunction which characterize fetal gr owth restriction (FGR). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression profiles of ERRγ and HSD17B1 in placenta tissues affected by FGR and to examine a possible molecular mechanism by which ERRγ is able to regulate HSD17B1 during development of FGR. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 29, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hui Zhu, Linhuan Huang, Zhiming He, Zhiyong Zou, Yanmin Luo Source Type: research
Altered maternal and placental lipid metabolism and fetal fat development in obesity: Current knowledge and advances in non-invasive assessment
Abnormal maternal lipid profiles, a hallmark of increased maternal adiposity, are associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, and offspring long-term metabolic health is impacted as the consequence of altered fetal growth, physiology and often iatrogenic prematurity. The metabolic changes associated with maternal obesity and/or the consumption of a high-fat diet effecting maternal lipid profiles and metabolism have also been documented to specifically affect placental function and may underlie changes in fetal development and life course disease risk. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 26, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Flavien Delhaes, Stephanie A. Giza, Tianna Koreman, Genevieve Eastabrook, Charles A. McKenzie, Samantha Bedell, Timothy R.H. Regnault, Barbra de Vrijer Source Type: research
Classics revisited: C. J. van der Horst on pregnancy and menstruation in elephant shrews
Menstruation occurs only in higher primates, some bats, the spiny mouse and the elephant shrew. Our knowledge of the latter species is due to work by C. J. van der Horst. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 25, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: A.M. Carter Source Type: research
The newly established bovine endometrial gland cell line (BEGC) forms gland acini in vitro and is only IFN τ-responsive after E2 and P4-pre-incubation
Embryonic loss occurs within the first two weeks of gestation and is of economic importance [1]. During bovine implantation significant alterations take place in the endometrium concerning changes in endometrial structure [2] and gene expression [3]. Key regulators of such alterations are estrogen (E2), progesterone (P4) [4] and interferon tau (IFN τ), which is the pregnancy-recognition signal in ruminants [5,6]. In bovine E2 and P4 exert cellular effects via the nuclear progesterone PR [7] and estrogen receptors ESR1/2 [8]. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 24, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jan-Dirk Haeger, Christian Loch, Christiane Pfarrer Source Type: research
Oxidative stress induces p38MAPK-dependent senescence in the feto-maternal interface cells
This study tested the mechanism of the oxidative stress (OS)-induced senescence pathway at the feto-maternal interface cells. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 17, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jin Jin, Lauren Richardson, Samantha Sheller-Miller, Nanbert Zhong, Ramkumar Menon Source Type: research
Human placentophagy: Effects of dehydration and steaming on hormones, metals and bacteria in placental tissue
This study aims to identify the impact of dehydration and steaming on hormone and trace element concentration as well as microbial contamination of placental tissue. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 17, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sophia Johnson, Tanja Groten, Jana Pastuschek, J ürgen Rödel, Ulrike Sammer, Udo R. Markert Source Type: research
Study of mitochondrial function in placental insufficiency
It has been suggested that mitochondria play a crucial role in sustaining pregnancy and foetal growth. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of mitochondrial functions and genetics on placental insufficiency diseases. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 17, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tiphaine Lefebvre, Ombeline Roche, Val érie Seegers, Majida Cherif, Salim Khiati, Naïg Gueguen, Valérie Desquiret-Dumas, Guillaume Geffroy, Odile Blanchet, Pascal Reynier, Guillaume Legendre, Guy Lenaers, Vincent Procaccio, Géraldine Gascoin Source Type: research
CDK1 inhibition facilitates formation of syncytiotrophoblasts and expression of human Chorionic Gonadotropin
The human placental syncytiotrophoblast (STB) cells play essential roles in embryo implantation and nutrient exchange between the mother and the fetus. STBs are polyploid which are formed by fusion of diploid cytotrophoblast (CTB) cells. Abnormality in STBs formation can result in pregnancy-related disorders. While a number of genes have been associated with CTB fusion the initial events that trigger cell fusion are not well understood. Primary objective of this study was to enhance our understanding about the molecular mechanism of placental cell fusion. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 11, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Rahim Ullah, Saira Dar, Tanvir Ahmad, Christelle de Renty, Mohammad Usman, Melvin L. DePamphilis, Amir Faisal, Syed Shahzad-ul-Hussan, Zakir Ullah Source Type: research
Effects of CXCL3 on migration, invasion, proliferation and tube formation of trophoblast cells
CXCL3 was reportedly associated with the invasion and metastasis of various malignancies, the role of CXCL3, however, in preeclampsia has not been fully discussed. We previously found placental CXCL3 level in severe preeclampsia was significantly lower than that in healthy pregnancy and exogenous recombinant human CXCL3 protein was able to promote trophoblasts' migration and proliferation. The current study, therefore, is further to investigate effects of endogenous CXCL3 on migration, invasion, proliferation, tube formation and apoptosis of trophoblasts. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 11, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hui Wang, Tao Wang, Li Dai, Wen Cao, Lei Ye, Linbo Gao, Bin Zhou, Rong Zhou Source Type: research
The association of the placental Hypoxia-inducible factor1- α polymorphisms and HIF1-α mRNA expression with preeclampsia
Evidence has confirmed that placental/fetal hypoxia plays a key role in both endothelial cell dysfunction and PE pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether maternal/placental hypoxia-inducible factor1- α (HIF1-α) C1772T (rs11549465) and/or G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms and HIF1-α mRNA expression are associated with PE development. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 11, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mahdiyeh Harati-Sadegh, Leila Kohan, Batool Teimoori, Mehrnaz Mehrabani, Saeedeh Salimi Source Type: research
Parental ethnicity and placental maternal vascular malperfusion pathology in healthy nulliparous women
Rates of some placental-associated pregnancy complications vary by ethnicity, though the strength of association with underlying placental pathology is presently unknown. Our objective was to determine whether an association between ethnicity and placental pathology occurs in low-risk pregnancies. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Melanie C. Audette, Khrystyna Levytska, Stephen J. Lye, Nir Melamed, John C. Kingdom Source Type: research
Marijuana use differentially affects cannabinoid receptor expression in early gestational human endometrium and placenta
In this study, we show that marijuana use significantly increases mRNA or protein expression of CNR1 and CNR2 in human endometrium from the first and early second trimester pregnancies, with minor effects on placental expression of CNRs. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Naveen K. Neradugomma, Kaitlyn Drafton, Diana R. O'Day, Michael Z. Liao, Lyrialle W. Han, Ian A. Glass, Qingcheng Mao Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Understanding abnormal uterine artery Doppler waveforms: A novel computational model to explore potential causes within the utero-placental vasculature
Uterine artery (UtA) Doppler indices are one of the most commonly employed screening tests for pre-eclampsia worldwide. Abnormal indices appear to result from increased uterine vascular resistance, but anatomical complexity and lack of appropriate animal models mean that little is known about the relative contribution of each of the components of the uterine vasculature to the overall UtA Doppler waveform. Previous computational models suggested that trophoblast-mediated spiral artery remodeling has a dominant effect on the UtA Doppler waveform. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Alys R. Clark, Joanna L. James, Gordon N. Stevenson, Sally L. Collins Source Type: research
Innate immune cells in the placental bed in healthy pregnancy and preeclampsia
Immune cells in the placental bed are important for adequate development of the placental bed. The most prominent immune cells in the placental bed early in pregnancy are uterine natural killer cells (uNK) cells and macrophages. Also dendritic cells and mast cells can be found in the early placental bed. These cells not only have an immune regulatory function, but are also involved in the regulation of trophoblast invasion, angiogenesis and spiral artery remodeling. In preeclampsia, one of the major complications of pregnancy, decreased trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling has been found. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 25, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Marijke M. Faas, Paul De Vos Source Type: research
