Title Page/Editorial Board
(Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
IFPA Pages
(Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
Placental inflammation by HMGB1 activation of TLR4 at the syncytium
Normal pregnancy is characterized by an elevated inflammatory state involving the placenta. The placental inflammation is further increased in preeclampsia, resulting in release of harmful danger signals to the maternal circulation. Activation of toll-like receptors (TLR)2 and TLR4 by endogenous danger signals plays a role in inflammatory diseases. Placental TLR2 and TLR4 expression has been reported, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a likely endogenous activator of these receptors. We aimed to examine HMGB1 activation of TLR2 and TLR4 as mechanisms of placental inflammation in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies, ...
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Line H. Tanger ås, Gabriela B. Silva, Guro S. Stødle, Lobke M. Gierman, Bente Skei, Karin Collett, Anne-Lise Beversmark, Ragnhild B. Skråstad, Liv Cecilie V. Thomsen, Line Bjørge, Ann-Charlotte Iversen Source Type: research
Effects of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in JEG-3 and HIPEC cell models of the extravillous trophoblast
Between 2 and 10% of pregnant women are treated with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression. The extravillous trophoblasts (evTBs), which migrate and invade maternal tissues, are crucial for embryo implantation and remodeling of maternal spiral arteries. Poor migration/invasion of evTBs can cause serious pregnancy complications, yet the effects of SSRIs on these processes has never been studied. To determine the effects of five SSRIs (fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline and venlafaxine) on migration/invasion, we used JEG-3 and HIPEC cells as evTB models. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 30, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: H élène Clabault, Marie Cohen, Cathy Vaillancourt, J. Thomas Sanderson Source Type: research
Estimation of the burden of human placental micro- and nano-vesicles extruded into the maternal blood from 8 to 12 weeks of gestation
The human placenta extrudes a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the maternal blood daily. These vesicles may be crucial to the adaptation of the maternal cardiovascular and immune systems to pregnancy. Quantifying the EVs that are released in early gestation is important to our understanding of how placental EVs may contribute to the regulation of maternal physiology. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 30, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Haiyan Liu, Matt Kang, Julie Wang, Cherie Blenkiron, Arier Lee, Michelle Wise, Larry Chamley, Qi Chen Source Type: research
Comparative expression patterns of selected membrane transporters in differentiated BeWo and human primary trophoblast cells
Although placental membrane transporters have an important impact on materno-fetal nutrient transfer, placental cell models are poorly characterized regarding transporter expression. We assessed the mRNA expression of 26 physiologically important solute carriers and ABC transporters in BeWo (b30-clone) and primary human trophoblasts (PHT) before and after syncytialization. 77% of the transporters showed similar mRNA expression changes between BeWo and PHT after syncytialization. Selected transporters, however, were either lacking in BeWo or showed different trends after syncytialization. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 29, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sampada Kallol, Ruedi Moser-Haessig, Corneille Edgar Ontsouka, Christiane Albrecht Source Type: research
Kurt Benirschke: In Memoriam
Dr. Kurt Benirschke, M.D., world-renowned placental pathologist, passed away on September 10, 2018, at the age of 94. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 27, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mana M. Parast Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Distinct communication patterns of trophoblastic miRNA among the maternal-placental-fetal compartments
The placenta produces microRNAs (miRNA) that may traffic to the maternal or fetal compartments and influence the physiology of pregnancy. The trafficking patterns of miRNA expressed from the large human chromosome 19 and chromosome 14 clusters (C19MC and C14MC), remains unclear. We interrogated the cross-sectional landscape of miRNA expression within the human placenta, fetal and maternal plasma to elucidate miRNA trafficking. We hypothesized that C19MC and C14MC miRNAs have similar expression patterns across the maternal-fetal compartments. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 20, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Alison G. Paquette, Tianjiao Chu, Xiaogang Wu, Kai Wang, Nathan D. Price, Yoel Sadovsky Source Type: research
Polymer size affects biodistribution and placental accumulation of the drug delivery biopolymer elastin-like polypeptide in a rodent pregnancy model
Fusion of therapeutic agents to Elastin-like Polypeptide (ELP) is a novel drug delivery strategy for prevention of placental drug transfer. Previous studies have used a 60 kDa ELP tag for this purpose. However, placental transfer of ELP may be size dependent. The goal of this study was to measure the effects of ELP polymer size on pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and placental transfer of ELP. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 19, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Marija Kuna, Jamarius P. Waller, Omar C. Logue, Gene L. Bidwell Source Type: research
Progressive uterine artery occlusion in the Guinea pig leads to defects in placental structure that relate to fetal growth
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common obstetric complication with immediate and life-long consequences for offspring health. Yet the mechanisms underlying its aetiology require elucidation. Recent work in the guinea pig shows that progressive uterine artery occlusion induced IUGR and vascular dysfunction in pups. Here we explore the extent to which uterine artery occlusion influences fetal outcomes via impacts on placental morphology. Our study demonstrates that uterine artery occlusion severely compromised both the labyrinth exchange zone (increased fibrosis and reduced vascularisation, trophoblast volume, su...
Source: Placenta - October 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jorge Lopez-Tello, Maria Angeles Jimenez-Martinez, Emilio A. Herrera, Bernardo J. Krause, Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri Source Type: research
Human cytomegalovirus utilises cellular dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases during placental replication
In this study we provide first evidence that DYRK1A and DYRK1B are utilised during HCMV placental replication. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 12, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Stuart T. Hamilton, Corina Hutterer, Ece Egilmezer, Mirjam Steingruber, Jens Milbradt, Manfred Marschall, William D. Rawlinson Source Type: research
Approach for differentiating trophoblast cell lineage from human induced pluripotent stem cells with retinoic acid in the absence of bone morphogenetic protein 4
Placental transport is the first step in chemotherapeutic safety evaluations during pregnancy. However, a well-established in vitro model is not available. We previously reported that a trophoblast layer model using differentiating choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells (DJEGs) can be used for placental drug transport studies. However, it was necessary to increase the similarities between the syncytiotrophoblast, the main layer of the placental barrier, and the in vitro evaluation model in order for the model to be useful for placental drug transport evalu ations. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kenji Ikeda, Yuka Kawasaki, Hitomi Matsuda, Saho Kishida, Arina Iwasaki, Sayaka Ohata, Yoko Urashima, Yoshihiko Hirotani Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits in the human placenta, and effects of cigarette smoking and preeclampsia
Cigarette smoking (CS) and preeclampsia (PE), regulate the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits in the placenta, yet no data exist at the histological level. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 3, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: R. Machaalani, E. Ghazavi, T. Hinton, A. Makris, A. Hennessy Source Type: research
Title Page/Editorial Board
(Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
IFPA Pages
(Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - October 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
