Study on mercury dynamics of normal pregnancy
Purpose: It is known that methylmercury transfers to the fetus through the placenta and accumulates in the umbilical cord blood at a higher concentration than in the maternal blood. It is reported that the accumulated mercury will do harm to fetal central nerve system. We aimed to add a consideration to the process of mercury transition from maternal blood to fetus, measuring the total mercury concentration in maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, placenta. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hiroshi Mori Source Type: research
Intervillous fibrin deposition, clinical and pathological pictures
Introduction: In my previous writings I have described intravillous and perivillous fibrin deposition. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Masayoshi Arizawa Source Type: research
A retrospective analysis of the discordant dichorionic diamniotic twin placentas
Objective: It is known that the perinatal outcome is worse when birth weight is discordant (25% or greater) in twin pregnancies. Discordant dichorionic diamniotic twin (DD twin) accounts for about 9% of all DD twin pregnancies. The causes of discordant DD twins are known as follows: imbalanced placental lesions, abnormal umbilical cord insertion, fetal anomalies and fetal chromosomal anomalies. Here we reported analysis of the discordant DD twin placentas which were delivered at our hospital. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yasuhiro Utsuno Source Type: research
Isoflavone increases the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 signal transducer glycoprotein 130 in human endometrial glandular cells
We examined whether isoflavone can effectively increase the secretion of cytokines associated with implantation from endometrial glandular cells. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hayashi Shigehiro Source Type: research
Investigation into fetal toxicity by arsenic exposure to pregnant women
In this study, the placental permeability of arsenic and fetal toxicity were examined. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Keisuke Okabe Source Type: research
The 5alpha-reductase-mediated progesterone metabolism and its involvement in the decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells
Objective: Decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (ESC) accompanied by the production of IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1 and prolactin is indispensable for the establishment and maintenance of human pregnancy. Progesterone (P4) and cAMP are the predominant inducers of decidualization in human ESC. It has been reported that dihydrotestosterone produced by ESC via the action of 5a-reductase stimulates the decidual response. Although P4 is metabolized by 5a-reductase to allopregnanolone in the mammalian brain, the enzyme-mediated P4 metabolism in ESC have not been determined. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mikihiro Yoshie Source Type: research
Placenta formation by human endogenous retrovirus is inhibited by interferons
Objective: The human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)-encoded Syncytin-1 plays a major role in trophoblast cell fusion and thereby placenta development. This gene encodes a retroviral envelope glycoprotein. On the other hand, envelope viral infection is generally inhibited by interferons. Infection of pregnant women induces fetal death as related to interferon production. However, the relationship between interferons and Syncytin in placenta development is unknown. Interferon inducible restriction factor (IGRF) may participate in the interferon-induced fetal death, because we have recently shown that IGRF inhibited virus infec...
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mai Izumida Source Type: research
Placental histological characteristics in cases of placental abruption without complications of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) or chorioamnionitis (CAM)
Purpose: Placental abruption is one of serous maternal complications with rather high incidence rate. The hematoma formation with decidual thrombosis is a characteristic placental histological finding in placental abruption. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) and chorioamnionitis (CAM) are classical risk factors of placental abruption; however, considerable numbers of recent pregnant women sufferer from placental abruption even without complications of HDP or CAM (non- HDP · CAM group). The aim of the present study is to investigate placental histological analysis in non- HDP · CAM group. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Masako Matsumoto Source Type: research
Advanced glycation end products regulate interleukin-1 β production in human and murine placental cells
Preeclampsia and maternal obesity, risk factors for adverse pregnancy complications, results in inflammatory cytokine release in the placenta, including interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, these pregnant women develop accelerated systemic and placental inflammation with elevated circulating advanced glycation end products (AGE). IL-1β is a pivotal inflammatory cytokine associated with obesity and pregnancy complications, a nd its production is regulated by pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Koumei Shirasuna Source Type: research
New hemostatic procedure for massive postpartum hemorrhage: “Holding the cervix”
Objective: A new method, “holding the cervix” (HC), to achieve hemostasis for postpartum hemorrhage, was devised, of which the efficacy and safety were determined. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hironori Takahashi Source Type: research
Stillbirth under 22 gestational weeks - causes and treatment
Object: In nearly all cases, there is no effective treatment for stillbirth or potential premature delivery before 22 gestational weeks, I can usually only observe carefully and hope for the best. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Masayoshi Arizawa Source Type: research
Identifying risk in unexamined pregnancies
Object: According to statistics released by Kanagawa prefecture and others, the number of unexamined pregnancies in Japan has recently increased. Such unexamined pregnancies are more likely to have problems such as stillbirth, death of newborn, premature delivery, PIH, and abruptio placentiae. In this paper I confirm the risks faced by mothers and babies in cases of unexamined pregnancies, and look at the wider social problems associated with such cases, as revealed in clinical records and placental pathology. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Masayoshi Arizawa Source Type: research
A case of Breus' mole associated with preterm premature rupture of membrane at 25 weeks of gestation
We report a case of Breus’ mol e with preterm premature rupture of membrane at 25 weeks of gestation, and of which pregnancy maintenance was possible until 34 weeks of gestation. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Daijiro Nagahara Source Type: research
Changes of leukocyte migration during pregnancy
Objective: Preterm birth is a worldwide problem. Its prediction has been needed for appropriate intervention; however there are no tests that can positively predict when pregnant women will deliver. We focus on the leukocyte infiltration to the uterus or the placenta which is important in parturient mechanism. We hypothesized that more leukocytes migrated as gestation progressed. Using the principle of leukocyte invasion of the uterus at each delivery, we determined whether the Leukocyte Migration Assay (LMA) could predict the timing of delivery by using Modified Boyden chemotaxis chambers. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ai Takamizu Source Type: research
Search of novel human endogenous retroviruses with the cytotrophoblast differentiation into the syncytiotrophoblast
Objective: The villi are covered with syncytiotrophoblast (ST), which directly contacts with maternal blood and exchanges of gases and nutrients between mother and the fetus. Since ST does not proliferate, cytotrophoblast (CT), which underlies the ST, fuses with ST and maintains the ST function throughout pregnancy. Some human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), syncytin1, syncytin2 and suppressin, are known to be expressed for CT fusion process. LTR retrotransposons occupy about 8% of whole human genome, there can be other functional HERVs for CT differentiation except them. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kazuki Morita Source Type: research
