Reduced placental protein 13 (PP13) in placental derived syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles in preeclampsia – A novel tool to study the impaired cargo transmission of the placenta to the maternal organs
Placental syncytiotrophoblast (STB) release extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs) that communicate physiological and pathological placental signals to the maternal organs. STB-EV release also increases in preeclampsia (PE). Here we explored the cargo of PP13 in STB-EVs from PE versus control placentas. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 25, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Marei Sammar, Rebecca Dragovic, Hamutal Meiri, Manu Vatish, A. Sharabi-Nov, Ian Sargent, Chris Redman, Dionne Tannetta Source Type: research
Mechanisms of the effect of magnesium salts in preeclampsia
Preeclampsia is a heterogeneous pregnancy-specific syndrome associated with abnormal trophoblast invasion and endothelial dysfunction. Magnesium (Mg2+) level may be normal or decreased in women with preeclampsia. However, the use of Mg2+ salts, such as Mg2+ sulphate, are useful in reducing the pathophysiological consequences of preeclampsia with severe features and eclampsia. Although the mechanism of action of this Mg2+ salt is not well understood, the available evidence suggests a beneficial effect of Mg2+ for the mother and foetus. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 24, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Delia I. Chiarello, Reinaldo Mar ín, Fulgencio Proverbio, Paula Coronado, Fernando Toledo, Rocio Salsoso, Jaime Gutiérrez, Luis Sobrevia Source Type: research
Fetoplacental endothelial exosomes modulate high d-glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetoplacental endothelial dysfunction, which may be induced by hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that endothelial exosomes, which are extracellular nanovesicles affecting endothelial function, play a role in the high glucose (HG)-induced endothelial dysfunction. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 20, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tamara S áez, Paul de Vos, Jeroen Kuipers, Luis Sobrevia, Marijke M. Faas Source Type: research
Antenatal pomegranate juice rescues hypoxia-induced fetal growth restriction in pregnant mice while reducing placental cell stress and apoptosis
There is a need for prophylaxis to reduce placental-associated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Pomegranate juice (PJ) is replete with phytochemicals having biological effects at non-pharmacological concentrations. We test the hypothesis that exposure of pregnant mice to hypoxia late in gestation induces cellular stress in the placenta, which can be ameliorated by antecedent maternal consumption of PJ. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Baosheng Chen, Mark S. Longtine, Joan K. Riley, D. Michael Nelson Source Type: research
Genetic variations and risk of placental abruption: A genome-wide association study and meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies
Accumulating epidemiological evidence points to strong genetic susceptibility to placental abruption (PA). However, characterization of genes associated with PA remains incomplete. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PA and a meta-analysis of GWAS. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Bizu Gelaye, Sixto E. Sanchez, Pedro J. Garcia, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Anjum Hajat, Timothy A. Thornton, Cande V. Ananth, Michelle A. Williams Source Type: research
Antenatal pomegranate juice rescues hypoxia-induced fetal growth restriction in pregnant mice while reducing placental cell stress and apoptosis
There is a need for prophylaxis to reduce placental-associated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Pomegranate juice (PJ) is replete with phytochemicals having biological effects at non-pharmacological concentrations. We test the hypothesis that exposure of pregnant mice to hypoxia late in gestation induces cellular stress in the placenta, which can be ameliorated by antecedent maternal consumption of PJ. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Baosheng Chen, Mark S. Longtine, Joan K. Riley, D. Michael Nelson Source Type: research
Foetoplacental epigenetic changes associated with maternal metabolic dysfunction
Metabolic-related diseases are attributed to a sedentary lifestyle and eating habits, and there is now an increased awareness regarding pregnancy as a preponderant window in the programming of adulthood health and disease. The developing foetus is susceptible to the maternal environment; hence, any unfavourable condition will result in foetal physiological adaptations that could have a permanent impact on its health. Some of these alterations are maintained via epigenetic modifications capable of modifying gene expression in metabolism-related genes. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 12, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bredford Kerr, Andrea Leiva, Marcelo Far ías, Susana Contreras-Duarte, Fernando Toledo, Francisca Stolzenbach, Luis Silva, Luis Sobrevia Source Type: research
Mechanism of hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in mouse placenta
The placenta plays a major role in the development of blood cells in the mouse and human embryo. Hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in placenta are two closely interconnected processes. The mouse model has been widely used to study placental hematopoiesis. During mid-gestation, mouse placenta generate blood cells and support the proliferation, maturation and erythroid differentiation of hematopoietic cells within two major vascular niches in the labyrinth. Here, we review the vasculogenesis in chorioallantoic mouse placenta and the current knowledge on hematopoietic activity, niche and origin in mice placenta. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 12, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Nath ália Azevedo Portilho, Marcelo Pelajo-Machado Tags: Current opinion Source Type: research
Foetoplacental epigenetic changes associated with maternal metabolic dysfunction
Metabolic-related diseases are attributed to a sedentary lifestyle and eating habits, and there is now an increased awareness regarding pregnancy as a preponderant window in the programming of adulthood health and disease. The developing foetus is susceptible to the maternal environment; hence, any unfavourable condition will result in foetal physiological adaptations that could have a permanent impact on its health. Some of these alterations are maintained via epigenetic modifications capable of modifying gene expression in metabolism-related genes. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 12, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bredford Kerr, Andrea Leiva, Marcelo Far ías, Susana Contreras-Duarte, Fernando Toledo, Francisca Stolzenbach, Luis Silva, Luis Sobrevia Source Type: research
Mechanism of hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in mouse placenta
The placenta plays a major role in the development of blood cells in the mouse and human embryo. Hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in placenta are two closely interconnected processes. The mouse model has been widely used to study placental hematopoiesis. During mid-gestation, mouse placenta generate blood cells and support the proliferation, maturation and erythroid differentiation of hematopoietic cells within two major vascular niches in the labyrinth. Here, we review the vasculogenesis in chorioallantoic mouse placenta and the current knowledge on hematopoietic activity, niche and origin in mice placenta. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 12, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Nath ália Azevedo Portilho, Marcelo Pelajo-Machado Tags: Current opinion Source Type: research
Utility of metabolic profiling of serum in the diagnosis of pregnancy complications
Currently there are no clinical screening tests available to identify pregnancies at risk of developing preeclampsia (PET) and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), both of which are associated with abnormal placentation. Metabolic profiling is now a stable analytical platform used in many laboratories and has successfully been used to identify biomarkers associated with various pathological states. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Katie L. Powell, Anthony Carrozzi, Alexandre S. Stephens, Vitomir Tasevski, Jonathan M. Morris, Anthony W. Ashton, Anthony C. Dona Source Type: research
Defining the rhesus macaque placental miRNAome: Conservation of expression of placental miRNA clusters between the macaque and human
Expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the human placenta is dynamic across gestation, with expression of miRNAs belonging to the C14MC, C19MC and miR-371-3 clusters. Specifically, miRNAs within the C19MC cluster are exclusively expressed in primates with predominant expression in the placenta. Non-human primates can be utilized to study developmental processes of placentation in vivo that cannot be assessed in the human placenta, however, miRNA expression has not been defined in the macaque placenta. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - April 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jenna Kropp Schmidt, Lindsey N. Block, Thaddeus G. Golos Source Type: research
