Neutrophils as protagonists and targets in chronic inflammation
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 248 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.10
Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo & Christian Weber
Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute inflammation. By contrast, their importance during chronic inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - March 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Oliver Soehnlein Sabine Steffens Andr és Hidalgo Christian Weber Tags: Review Source Type: research
Immunometabolism and the land of milk and honey
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 217 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.22
Author: Luke O'Neill
Luke O'Neill describes a 2010 study by Connie Krawczyk, Ed Pearce and colleagues that introduced the Warburg effect to immunologists. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - March 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luke O'Neill Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Dysbiosis and the immune system
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 219 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.7
Authors: Maayan Levy, Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk, Christoph A. Thaiss & Eran Elinav
Throughout the past century, we have seen the emergence of a large number of multifactorial diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic, neoplastic and neurodegenerative diseases, many of which have been recently associated with intestinal dysbiosis — that is, compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiome. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - March 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Maayan Levy Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk Christoph A. Thaiss Eran Elinav Tags: Review Source Type: research
Fungal infection: JNK inhibitors boost antifungal immunity
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 148 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.18
Author: Alexandra Flemming
Invasive fungal infections, particularly with Candida albicans, kill approximately 1.5 million people worldwide a year. Current drugs are relatively toxic and fungal resistance is high, so there is an urgent need for new therapeutics. Now, reporting in Nature Medicine, Zhao, Lin and colleagues (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 26, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Alexandra Flemming Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Immunometabolism: Powering down leukaemia
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 145 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.17
Author: Yvonne Bordon
B-lymphoid transcription factors can protect against leukaemic transformation by restricting glucose and energy usage in pre-B cells. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 26, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yvonne Bordon Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Macrophages: mTORC1 drives granulomas
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 148 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.14
Author: Lucy Bird
MTORC1-dependent macrophage proliferation and glycolysis drive granuloma formation in sarcoidosis. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 19, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lucy Bird Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Infectious disease: Hitching a ride with DCs
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 147 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.16
Author: Yvonne Bordon
Pseudogenization of a single Salmonella effector protein gene facilitates pathogen hijacking of dendritic cells to spread systemically. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 19, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yvonne Bordon Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Infection: IL-22 controls iron scavenging
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 146 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.15
Author: Elisabeth Kugelberg
During systemic infection interleukin-22 can limit the availability of iron by promoting increased production of haem scavengers. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 19, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elisabeth Kugelberg Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Immune regulation by glucocorticoids
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 233 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.1
Authors: Derek W. Cain & John A. Cidlowski
Endogenous glucocorticoids are crucial to various physiological processes, including metabolism, development and inflammation. Since 1948, synthetic glucocorticoids have been used to treat various immune-related disorders. The mechanisms that underlie the immunosuppressive properties of these hormones have been intensely scrutinized, and it is widely appreciated that (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Derek W. Cain John A. Cidlowski Tags: Review Source Type: research
Mucosal immunology: Rationing AHR ligands
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 146 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2017.8
Author: Kirsty Minton
CYP1 enzymes expressed by intestinal epithelial cells metabolise AHR ligands in the gut to regulate intestinal immune responses. (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 12, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kirsty Minton Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Programmed cell death and the immune system
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 333 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2016.153
Authors: Shigekazu Nagata & Masato Tanaka
More than 50 years ago, cells were observed to die during insect development via a process that was named 'programmed cell death'. Later, a similar cell death process was found to occur in humans, and the process was renamed 'apoptosis'. In the 1990s, a number (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shigekazu Nagata Masato Tanaka Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Homeostasis-altering molecular processes as mechanisms of inflammasome activation
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 208 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2016.151
Authors: Adrian Liston & Seth L. Masters
The innate immune system uses a distinct set of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate downstream inflammatory cascades. This recognition system is in stark contrast to the adaptive immune system, which relies on highly variable, randomly generated antigen receptors. A key limitation of the (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 5, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Adrian Liston Seth L. Masters Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Regulation of muscle growth and regeneration by the immune system
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 165 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2016.150
Author: James G. Tidball
Diseases of muscle that are caused by pathological interactions between muscle and the immune system are devastating, but rare. However, muscle injuries that involve trauma and regeneration are fairly common, and inflammation is a clear feature of the regenerative process. Investigations of the inflammatory response (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - February 5, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: James G. Tidball Tags: Review Source Type: research
T cell responses in the central nervous system
Nature Reviews Immunology 17, 179 (2017).
doi:10.1038/nri.2016.144
Authors: Thomas Korn & Axel Kallies
T cells are required for immune surveillance of the central nervous system (CNS); however, they can also induce severe immunopathology in the context of both viral infections and autoimmunity. The mechanisms that are involved in the priming and recruitment of T cells to the CNS (Source: Nature Reviews Immunology)
Source: Nature Reviews Immunology - January 30, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Thomas Korn Axel Kallies Tags: Review Source Type: research
