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Calcium polyphosphate as an additive to zinc-silicate glass ionomer cements
Aluminum-free glass ionomer cements (GICs) are under development for orthopedic applications, but are limited by their insufficient handling properties. Here, the addition of calcium polyphosphate (CPP) was investigated as an additive to an experimental zinc-silicate glass ionomer cement. A 50% maximum increase in working time was observed with CPP addition, though this was not clinically significant due to the short working times of the starting zinc-silicate GIC. Surprisingly, CPP also improved the mechanical properties, especially the tensile strength which increased by ~33% after 30 days in TRIS buffer solution upon CP...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Valliant, E. M., Gagnier, D., Dickey, B. T., Boyd, D., Joseph Filiaggi, M. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Simple surface coating of electrospun poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds to induce angiogenesis
We describe the development of a layer-by-layer approach to coat electrospun scaffolds to help promote angiogenesis into these biomaterials once implanted. Electrospun poly-L-lactic acid was coated comparing two different techniques – one using alternative layers of polyethyleneImine (PEI) and polyacrylic Acid (PAC) and one with alternative layers of PEI and heparin for a total of seven layers in both cases. Both scaffolds were then coated with heparin as the final layer. The scaffold coated with alternate PEI and PAC showed a clear ability to bind the most heparin. This scaffold was then studied further for its abil...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Gigliobianco, G., Chong, C. K., MacNeil, S. Tags: Functional biomaterials surfaces Source Type: research

Albumin-based micro-composite drug carriers with dual chemo-agents for targeted breast cancer treatment
Albumin-based drug-carrying micro-composite spheres were fabricated and studied to evaluate their potentials for breast cancer treatment. Magnetic nanoparticles and albumin were incorporated within poly(D l-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres to increase accumulation of the microspheres at the target site. Two chemotherapeutics, cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil, were encapsulated into the microspheres. The drug-release study revealed an initial burst of drug and then sustained release by diffusion. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study confirmed the presence of all components of the drug delivery system. An in ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Abedin, F., Anwar, M. R., Asmatulu, R., Yang, S.-Y. Tags: Composites Source Type: research

In vivo evaluation of bioactive PMMA-based bone cement with unchanged mechanical properties in a load-bearing model on rabbits
This study evaluated the in vivo properties of a new polymethylmethacrylate-based bioactive bone cement with addition of amphiphilic phosphorylated 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate. Previous in vitro studies confirmed bioactive properties in cell culture, as well as unchanged mechanical properties are tests according to ISO 5833:2002. Three different variations of the cement (polymethylmethacrylate + phosphorylated 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate + phosphorylated 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate + CaCl2 and polymethylmethacrylate + phosphorylated 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate + CaCl2 + Na2CO3) were compared to conventi...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Fottner, A., Nies, B., Kitanovic, D., Steinbruck, A., Hausdorf, J., Mayer-Wagner, S., Pohl, U., Jansson, V. Tags: Composites Source Type: research

Biocompatibility of silver containing silica films on Bioverit(R) II middle ear prostheses in rabbits
In this study, rabbits were implanted with Bioverit® II middle ear prostheses functionalized with silver containing dense and nanoporous silica films which were compared with pure silica coatings as well as silver sulfadiazine cream applied on nanoporous silica coating. The health status of animals was continuously monitored; blood was examined before and after implantation. After 21 days, the middle ears were inspected; implants and mucosal samples were processed for electron microscopy. Autopsies were performed and systemic spreading of silver was chemically analyzed exemplarily in liver and kidneys. For verification...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Duda, F., Bradel, S., Bleich, A., Abendroth, P., Heemeier, T., Ehlert, N., Behrens, P., Esser, K.-H., Lenarz, T., Brandes, G., Prenzler, N. K. Tags: Biomaterials for organs Source Type: research

Functional liposomes in the cancer-targeted drug delivery
Cancer is considered as one of the most severe health problems and is currently the third most common cause of death in the world after heart and infectious diseases. Novel therapies are constantly being discovered, developed and trialed. Many of the current anticancer agents exhibit non-ideal pharmaceutical and pharmacological properties and are distributed non-specifically throughout the body. This results in death of the both normal healthy and malignant cells and substantially leads to accruing a variety of serious toxic side effects. Therefore, the efficient systemic therapy of cancer is almost impossible due to harmf...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 9, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Tila, D., Ghasemi, S., Yazdani-Arazi, S. N., Ghanbarzadeh, S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

A new method for meniscus repair using type I collagen scaffold and infrapatellar fat pad
Conclusion: This new method for meniscal repair by combinative transplantation with type I collagen scaffold and infrapatellar fat pad showed meniscal regeneration and potential for suppressing inflammation. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Oda, S., Otsuki, S., Kurokawa, Y., Hoshiyama, Y., Nakajima, M., Neo, M. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide
The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions. The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides. Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lin, S.-B., Chen, C.-C., Chen, L.-C., Chen, H.-H. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Biomimetic niche for neural stem cell differentiation using poly-L-lysine/hyaluronic acid multilayer films
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films have been suggested as tunable substrates with flexible surface properties that can modulate cell behavior. However, these films’ biological effects on neural stem/progenitor cells have rarely been studied. Herein, biomimetic multilayer films composed of hyaluronic acid and poly-L-lysine were chosen to mimic the native extracellular matrix niche of brain tissue and were evaluated for their inductive effects, without the addition of chemical factors. Because neural stem/progenitor cells are sensitive to substrate properties, it is important that this system provides control over the su...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lee, I.-C., Wu, Y.-C., Cheng, E.-M., Yang, W.-T. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/carbon dioxide modified polyethyleneimine composite nanofiber scaffolds
A novel biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol/carbon dioxide modified polyethyleneimine (PVA/PEI-CO2) composite nanofiber was fabricated by a green and facile protocol, which reduces the cytotoxicity of PEI through the surface modification of the PEI with CO2. The 13C NMR spectrum, elemental analysis, and TGA show that CO2 has been incorporated in the PEI surface resulting in a relatively stable structure. The resulting PVA/PEI-CO2 composite nanofibers have been characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wu, H.-B., Bremner, D. H., Nie, H.-L., Quan, J., Zhu, L.-M. Tags: Nanotechnology in Biomaterials Source Type: research

Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate containing scaffolds and their integration with osteoblasts as a model for bone tissue engineering
Nano/micro engineered polymeric materials offer expansive scope of biomimetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering especially those involving electrospun biodegradable nanofibers incorporated with inorganic nanoparticles, thus mimicking the extracellular matrix of bone both structurally and chemically. For the first time, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate containing natural poly-(α, β)-DL-aspartic acid and inorganic hydroxyapatite nanofibers were fabricated using poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate: poly-(α, β)-DL-aspartic acid at a ratio of 80:20 (w/w) added with 1% (w/v) of hydrox...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zhang, S., Prabhakaran, M. P., Qin, X., Ramakrishna, S. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Calcium phosphate cement - gelatin powder composite testing in canine models: Clinical implications for treatment of bone defects
In this study, we mixed calcium phosphate cement with gelatin powder in order to create a composite containing macropores with interconnectivity, and we then implanted it into canine femurs from the diaphysis to the distal metaphysis. Eight dogs were divided into the sham group, the control (C0) group with 100 wt% calcium phosphate cement, the C10 group with 90 wt% calcium phosphate cement and 10 wt% gelatin powder, and the C15 group with 85 wt% calcium phosphate cement and 15 wt% gelatin powder. Bone replaceability in C10 and C15 at 3 and 6 months was evaluated by radiography, micro-CT, histomorphometry, and mineral appos...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Yomoda, M., Sobajima, S., Kasuya, A., Neo, M. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Osteogenic cell sheets reinforced with photofunctionalized micro-thin titanium
This study identified the technical and material requirements for constructing titanium-reinforced osteogenic cell sheets. Future in vivo studies are warranted to test these titanium-reinforced cell sheets as stably transplantable, mechanically durable, and shape controllable osteogenic devices. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ishijima, M., Hirota, M., Park, W., Honda, M. J., Tsukimura, N., Isokawa, K., Ishigami, T., Ogawa, T. Tags: Functional biomaterials surfaces Source Type: research

New horizon in dialysis depuration: Characterization of a polysulfone membrane able to break the 'albumin wall'
In conclusion, Synclear 0.2, used as convective membrane in hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion treatment, permits to break the ‘albumin wall’, clearing middle-high molecular weight uremic toxins, improving the dialytic treatment purification efficiency. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Cuoghi, A., Caiazzo, M., Monari, E., Bellei, E., Bergamini, S., Sereni, L., Aucella, F., Loschiavo, C., Atti, M., Tomasi, A. Tags: Functional biomaterials surfaces Source Type: research

Effect of micro-patterning on bacterial adhesion on polyethylene terephthalate surface
In this study, we fabricated micro-patterned polyethylene terephthalate surfaces, and quantitatively explored the amount and localization of Escherichia coli MG1655 cells attached on a series of defined topographies. The adhesion was conducted in static conditions and under a weak flow, in both physiological buffer and nutritious solutions. The results showed that in the presence of weak shear force, live bacteria could still maintain sensing ability in nutritious culture, but not in buffer solution. The finely textured surface, which could inhibit bacterial adhesion in the early stage of attachment, reversed its effect to...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 16, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wang, L., Chen, W., Terentjev, E. Tags: Functional biomaterials surfaces Source Type: research