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Development and in vitro evaluation of infection resistant materials: A novel surface modification process for silicone and Dacron
The objective of this work is to evaluate a novel process to modify silicone and Dacron with a bioactive collagen surface coupled to a gentamicin impregnated hydrogel graft and assess the surface’s cytocompatibility and infection resistance properties. Samples of silicone and polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron velour) were modified by plasma deposition and activation followed by a co-polymer acrylic acid (AA)/acrylamide (AAm) hydrogel graft and covalent immobilization of a bioactive collagen surface. The modified surfaces were characterized using FTIR, contact angle, staining, SEM, and XPS. The poly (AA-AAm) hydrogel...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Hussain, A., Curry, B., Cahalan, L., Minkin, S., Gartner, M., Cahalan, P. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Microspheres of carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate and collagen for a novel hemostatic in vitro study
To develop biocompatible composite microspheres for novel hemostatic use, we designed and prepared a novel biomaterial, composite microspheres consisting of carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate, and collagen (CSCM). The ultra-structure of CSCM was investigated by scanning electron microscopy assay. In hemostatic function experiment, it was found that CSCM could facilitate platelet adherence, platelet aggregation, and platelet activation in vitro. Besides, the maximum swelling of CSCM submerged in PBS for 50 min was over 300% of that exhibited by commercial hemostatic compound microporous polysaccharide haemostatic powde...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shi, X., Fang, Q., Ding, M., Wu, J., Ye, F., Lv, Z., Jin, J. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Transdermal solid delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate using self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system as vehicle: Formulation, evaluation and vesicle-skin interaction
The present study investigated a self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system loaded with epigallocatechin-3-gallate to improve epigallocatechin-3-gallate skin retention. The long chain solid lipids (cetostearyl alcohol) and macadamia oil were utilized as a carrier to deliver the bioactive ingredient. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation, and the solid lipid to total lipid weight ratio, concentration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and hydrophilic surfactant on skin retention were found to be the principal factors. The optimum formulation with high encapsulation efficiency (95.75%), self-double-e...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Hu, C., Gu, C., Fang, Q., Wang, Q., Xia, Q. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Physical preparation of alginate/chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes for biomedical applications
Polyelectrolyte complexes represent a special class of polymeric compounds consisting of stoichiometric equivalents of oppositely charged polyions interacting together spontaneously to yield a complex in different forms. The present study aimed at preparing coacervates of alginate and chitosan polymers ready for casting as wound dressing films. This was based on controlling the pH of solutions and the reactions speed through controlling the rate of mixing of the polymers solutions together without using any water-miscible solvents. Alginate was modified with radiation and oxidation, and the interactions of the resulting ch...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Alsharabasy, A. M., Moghannem, S. A., El-Mazny, W. N. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

A study of cytocompatibility and degradation of iron-based biodegradable materials
Biodegradable metallic implants are of significant importance in the replacement of bones or the repair of bone defects. Iron-phosphate-coated carbonyl iron powder (Fe/P) was prepared by the phosphating method. Moreover, Fe/P–Mn alloy was produced by sintering the Fe/P powder mixed with manganese powder. Bare carbonyl iron samples and the Fe/P and Fe/P–Mn sintered samples were evaluated for their microstructure, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility. The microstructure of the sintered samples was examined using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscopic analysis. Corrosion behavior was evaluated by p...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Orinakova, R., Orinak, A., Giretova, M., Medvecky, L., Kupkova, M., Hrubovcakova, M., Maskal'ova, I., Macko, J., Kal'avsky, F. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Evaluation of the biocompatibility of regenerated cellulose hydrogels with high strength and transparency for ocular applications
Prompt emergency treatment for ocular injury, particularly in a battlefield setting, is essential to preserve vision, reduce pain, and prevent secondary infection. A bandage contact lens that could be applied in the field, at the time of injury, would protect the injured ocular surface until hospital treatment is available. Cellulose, a natural polymer, is widely used in biomedical applications including bandage materials. Hydrogels synthesized from different cellulose sources, such as plants, cotton, and bacteria, can have the optical transparency and mechanical strength of contact lenses, by tailoring synthesis parameter...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Patchan, M. W., Chae, J. J., Lee, J. D., Calderon-Colon, X., Maranchi, J. P., McCally, R. L., Schein, O. D., Elisseeff, J. H., Trexler, M. M. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Fibroblast-loaded cholecyst-derived scaffold induces faster healing of full thickness burn wound in rabbit
This article examines the use of this scaffold for preparing bio-artificial grafts by loading homologous fibroblasts. The healing potential was evaluated in a rabbit model of full thickness skin-burn wound. The healing process was evaluated by gross morphology evaluation and histomorphology evaluation at 7, 14 and 28 days of healing. Ex vivo imaging of the wounded tissue was performed and it was found that the loaded fibroblasts remained viable at least for 14 days in the healing wound. By the first week, re-epithelialisation was evident in all animals treated with the cell-loaded graft. Histomorphological wound healing pa...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Revi, D., Geetha, C., Thekkuveettil, A., Anilkumar, T. V. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Materials characterization of explanted polypropylene hernia mesh: Patient factor correlation
This study quantitatively assessed polypropylene (PP) hernia mesh degradation and its correlation with patient factors including body mass index, tobacco use, and diabetes status with the goal of improving hernia repair outcomes through patient-matched mesh. Thirty PP hernia mesh explants were subjected to a tissue removal process followed by assessment of their in vivo degradation using Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis analyses. Results were then analyzed with respect to patient factors (body mass index, tobacco use, and diabetes status) to determine their ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Smith, S. E., Cozad, M. J., Grant, D. A., Ramshaw, B. J., Grant, S. A. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Synthesis and characterization of an in situ forming hydrogel using tyramine conjugated high methoxyl gum tragacanth
In this study, an enzyme catalyzed in situ forming hydrogel based on tyramine conjugated high methoxyl content gum tragacanth (TA-HMGT) was prepared and characterized. TA-HMGT was synthesized via heterogeneous ammonolysis of methyl ester groups of HMGT. Then, the hydrogel was prepared via horseradish peroxidase catalyzed coupling reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogel properties, such as gelation time, swelling/degradation behavior and rheological properties could be adjusted by tuning the gelation parameters and extent of tyramine conjugation. This system was a soft elastic hydrogel with appropriate bioco...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Tavakol, M., Vasheghani-Farahani, E., Mohammadifar, M. A., Soleimani, M., Hashemi-Najafabadi, S. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Microstructure and in vitro cellular response to novel soy protein-based porous structures for tissue regeneration applications
Interest in the development of new bioresorbable structures for various tissue engineering applications is on the rise. In the current study, we developed and studied novel soy protein-based porous blends as potential new scaffolds for such applications. Soy protein has several advantages over the various types of natural proteins employed for biomedical applications due to its low price, non-animal origin and relatively long storage time and stability. In the present study, blends of soy protein with other polymers (gelatin, pectin and alginate) were added and chemically cross-linked using the cross-linking agents carbodi...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Olami, H., Zilberman, M. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Development of an implantable synthetic membrane for the treatment of preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes
In conclusion, this membrane may prove a useful approach in the treatment of preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes and now merits further investigation. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Roman, S., Bullock, A. J., Anumba, D. O., MacNeil, S. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Translational challenges for the development of a novel nucleus pulposus substitute: Experimental results from biomechanical and in vivo studies
Nucleus pulposus replacement therapy could offer a less invasive alternative to restore the function of moderately degenerated intervertebral discs than current potentially destructive surgical procedures. Numerous nucleus pulposus substitutes have already been investigated, to assess their applicability for intradiscal use. Still, the current choice of testing methods often does not lead to efficient translation into clinical application. In this paper, we present the evaluation of a novel nucleus pulposus substitute, consisting of a hydromed core and an electrospun envelope. We performed three mechanical evaluations and ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Detiger, S., de Bakker, J., Emanuel, K., Schmitz, M., Vergroesen, P., van der Veen, A., Mazel, C., Smit, T. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Hemocompatibility evaluation for peptide fragments of human serum albumin cleaved by cyanogens bromide
In this study, three kinds of peptide fragments were prepared and identified by amino acid analysis, and the blood compatibility of the peptide fragments was investigated by measuring blood coagulation, platelet and complement activation and hemolysis activity. Results indicated that all the peptide fragments prepared were highly hemocompatible without causing any clot formation, red blood cell aggregation or immune response. In addition, data from the cytotoxicity assay using HeLa cells and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells suggested that these peptide fragments do not induce toxicity towards either cell lines at concentrat...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wu, X.-j., Tang, E. K., Xu, C.-q., Yuan, Z.-x. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Potential in two types of collagen scaffolds for urological tissue engineering applications - Are there differences in growth behaviour of juvenile and adult vesical cells?
The aging society has a deep impact on patient care in urology. The number of patients in need of partial or whole bladder wall replacement is increasing simultaneously with the number of cancer incidents. Therefore, urological research requires a model of bladder wall replacement in adult and elderly people. Two types of porcine collagen I/III scaffolds were used in vitro for comparison of cell growth of two different pig breeds at different growth stages. Scaffolds were characterised with scanning electron and laser scanning microscopy. Urothelial and detrusor smooth muscle cells were isolated from 15 adult Go0...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Leonhäuser, D., Vogt, M., Tolba, R., Grosse, J. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Intermittent administration of human parathyroid hormone (1-34) increases fixation of strontium-doped hydroxyapatite coating titanium implants via electrochemical deposition in ovariectomized rat femur
This study was designed to investigate the effects of intermittent administration of human parathyroid hormone (1–34) on strontium-doped hydroxyapatite coating (Sr-HA) implant fixation in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Twelve weeks after bilateral ovariectomy, all animals were randomly divided into four groups including control group, Sr group, PTH group and PTH+Sr group. Forty OVX rats accepted implant insertion in the distal femurs, control group, and PTH group with HA implants and the Sr group and PTH+Sr group with Sr-HA implants. Animals from PTH group and PTH+Sr group then randomly received PTH (60 µg/kg, 3 ti...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 9, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Tao, Z.-S., Zhou, W.-S., Qiang, Z., Tu, K.-k., Huang, Z.-L., Xu, H.-M., Sun, T., Lv, Y.-X., Cui, W., Yang, L. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research