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Cell membrane-mimicking coating for blood-contacting polyurethanes
The aim of the present work was to develop simple modification technique for polyurethanes (PUs) intended for use in blood-contacting implants (vascular grafts, heart prosthesis, ventricular assist devices). PU surface was modified with soybean-derived phosphatidylcholine (PC) via one-step dip coating technique. In order to evaluate blood compatibility of the obtained materials, samples were contacted with human blood under static and arterial flow-simulated conditions. The PC-modified surfaces were thoroughly characterized and tested for fibrinogen resistance, the ability to resist platelet adhesion and activation, hemoly...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - December 21, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Butruk-Raszeja, B., Trzaskowski, M., Ciach, T. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Microstructural modifications induced by accelerated aging and lipid absorption in remelted and annealed UHMWPEs for total hip arthroplasty
Three types of commercially available ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cups currently used in total hip arthroplasty have been studied by means of Raman micro-spectroscopy to unfold the microstructural modification induced by the oxidative degradation after accelerated aging with and without lipid absorption. The three investigated materials were produced by three different manufacturing procedures, as follows: irradiation followed by remelting, one-step irradiation followed by annealing, 3-step irradiation and annealing. Clear microstructural differences were observed in terms of phase contents...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - December 21, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Puppulin, L., Zhu, W., Sugano, N., Pezzotti, G. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Swelling, sealing, and hemostatic ability of a novel biomaterial: A polyethylene glycol-coated collagen pad
This study investigates a novel biomaterial made of a polyethylene glycol-coated collagen pad (PCC). The swelling and adherence of PCC were investigated in vitro, and the hemostatic and sealing ability was investigated in vivo. In vitro, the maximum swell of PCC submerged in human plasma for 24 h is 65%. The greatest swell was in thickness, averaging 24% to a mean thickness of 2.5 ± 0.19 mm (mean±SD) (N = 20). PCC withstood clinically relevant pressures when applied to a collagen casing washed with bile, lymph, urine, saline, and cerebrospinal fluid mixed at 33% and 67% with blood. In vivo, PCC provided compl...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lewis, K. M., Spazierer, D., Slezak, P., Baumgartner, B., Regenbogen, J., Gulle, H. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Thermo-sensitive liposomes loaded with doxorubicin and lysine modified single-walled carbon nanotubes as tumor-targeting drug delivery system
In conclusion, doxorubicin-lysine/single-walled carbon nanotube-thermo-sensitive liposomes combined with near-infrared laser irradiation at 808 nm may potentially provide viable clinical strategies for targeting delivery of anti-cancer drugs. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zhu, X., Xie, Y., Zhang, Y., Huang, H., Huang, S., Hou, L., Zhang, H., Li, Z., Shi, J., Zhang, Z. Tags: Nanotechnology in Biomaterials Source Type: research

Fluorescent chitosan functionalized magnetic polymeric nanoparticles: Cytotoxicity and in vitro evaluation of cellular uptake
Nanoparticles possessing magnetic and fluorescent properties were fabricated by the covalent attachment of fluorescein isothiocyanate onto magnetic polymeric nanoparticles functionalized by chitosan. The synthesized magnetic polymeric nanoparticles-chitosan/fluorescein isothiocyanate were successfully used for labeling the living organ and blood-related cancer cells, i.e., HeLa, Hep G2, and K562 cells. The cytotoxicity test of nanoparticles at various incubation times indicated the high cell viability (>90%) without morphological change. The confocal microscopy revealed that they could pass through cell membrane within ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kaewsaneha, C., Jangpatarapongsa, K., Tangchaikeeree, T., Polpanich, D., Tangboriboonrat, P. Tags: Nanotechnology in Biomaterials Source Type: research

Evaluation of adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor-activated chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffold for engineering vascularized bone tissue using human osteoblasts: In vitro and in vivo studies
This study revealed that the Ad-VEGF-activated C/HA composite scaffold has potential for vascular bone regeneration applications. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Koc, A., Finkenzeller, G., Elcin, A. E., Stark, G. B., Elcin, Y. M. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Enhanced bone healing around nanohydroxyapatite-coated polyetheretherketone implants: An experimental study in rabbit bone
Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that implants with a threaded design render good stability to PEEK in both coated and uncoated implants. Nanohydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implants demonstrated improved bone formation compared with uncoated controls. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Barkarmo, S., Andersson, M., Currie, F., Kjellin, P., Jimbo, R., Johansson, C., Stenport, V. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Key role of the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in increasing the osteogenic activity of osteoblast-like cells exposed to shock waves and seeded on bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
In this work, the role of shock wave-induced increase of bone morphogenetic proteins in modulating the osteogenic properties of osteoblast-like cells seeded on a bioactive scaffold was investigated using gremlin as a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist. Bone-like glass-ceramic scaffolds, based on a silicate experimental bioactive glass developed at the Politecnico di Torino, were produced by the sponge replication method and used as porous substrates for cell culture. Human MG-63 cells, exposed to shock waves and seeded on the scaffolds, were treated with gremlin every two days and analysed after 20 days for the expressi...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Muzio, G., Martinasso, G., Baino, F., Frairia, R., Vitale-Brovarone, C., Canuto, R. A. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Large defect-tailored composite scaffolds for in vivo bone regeneration
The discovery of new strategies to repair large segmental bone defects is currently an open challenge for worldwide clinicians. In the treatment of critical-sized bone defects, an alternative strategy to traditional bone grafting is always more frequently the use of tailor-made scaffolds modelled on the final size and shape of the implant site. Here, poly--caprolactone-based composite scaffolds including poly-l-lactic acid continuous fibres and hyaluronan derivates (i.e. HYAFF11®) have been investigated for the peculiar 3D architecture characterized by interconnected macroporous networks and tunable mechanical properti...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ronca, A., Guarino, V., Raucci, M. G., Salamanna, F., Martini, L., Zeppetelli, S., Fini, M., Kon, E., Filardo, G., Marcacci, M., Ambrosio, L. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Biological effects of sol-gel derived ZrO2 and SiO2/ZrO2 coatings on stainless steel surface--In vitro model using mesenchymal stem cells
The objective of this study was to determine biocompatibility of zirconia-based coatings obtained by the sol–gel method. Two matrices, ZrO2 and SiO2/ZrO2, were created and applied on stainless steel type 316L with dip-coating technique. The morphology and topography of biomaterials’ surface were characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, while chemical composition was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, wettability and surface free energy were characterized. Biocompatibility of obtained biomaterials was evaluated using an in vitro model employing mesench...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Śmieszek, A., Donesz-Sikorska, A., Grzesiak, J., Krzak, J., Marycz, K. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Characterization of a new composite PMMA-HA/Brushite bone cement for spinal augmentation
Calcium phosphate fillers have been shown to increase cement osteoconductivity, but have caused drawbacks in cement properties. Hydroxyapatite and Brushite were introduced in an acrylic two-solution cement at varying concentrations. Novel composite bone cements were developed and characterized using rheology, injectability, and mechanical tests. It was hypothesized that the ample swelling time allowed by the premixed two-solution cement would enable thorough dispersion of the additives in the solutions, resulting in no detrimental effects after polymerization. The addition of Hydroxyapatite and Brushite both caused an incr...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Aghyarian, S., Rodriguez, L. C., Chari, J., Bentley, E., Kosmopoulos, V., Lieberman, I. H., Rodrigues, D. C. Tags: Composites Source Type: research

Mechanical, degradation and cytocompatibility properties of magnesium coated phosphate glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone composites
Retention of mechanical properties of phosphate glass fibre reinforced degradable polyesters such as polycaprolactone and polylactic acid in aqueous media has been shown to be strongly influenced by the integrity of the fibre/polymer interface. A previous study utilising ‘single fibre’ fragmentation tests found that coating with magnesium improved the fibre and matrix interfacial shear strength. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a magnesium coating on the manufacture and characterisation of a random chopped fibre reinforced polycaprolactone composite. Short chopped strand non-wo...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Liu, X., Hasan, M. S., Grant, D. M., Harper, L. T., Parsons, A. J., Palmer, G., Rudd, C. D., Ahmed, I. Tags: Composites Source Type: research

The effect of silica nanoparticles on the thermomechanical properties and degradation behavior of polylactic acid
In this work a series of polylactic acid/SiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by a melt mixing procedure. The dispersion quality was examined by scanning electron microscopy. To study the degradation behavior of the polylactic acid/nanocomposites prepared, the samples were immersed in a buffer solution at a temperature of 37℃ with a pH of 7.4 for a time period of up to 23 weeks. These conditions simulate those in the human body, appropriate in medical applications. In order to assess their suitability in biomedical applications, we investigated the biocompatibility of these materials in terms of cell viability, gr...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Georgiopoulos, P., Kontou, E., Meristoudi, A., Pispas, S., Chatzinikolaidou, M. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Cellulose acetate butyrate/poly(caprolactonetriol) blends: Miscibility, mechanical properties, and in vivo inflammatory response
This study reports the results of the characterization of cellulose acetate butyrate and polycaprolactone-triol blends in terms of miscibility, swelling capacity, mechanical properties, and inflammatory response in vivo. The cellulose acetate butyrate film was opaque and rigid, with glass transition (T g ) at 134℃ and melting temperature of 156℃. The cellulose acetate butyrate/polycaprolactone-triol films were transparent up to a polycaprolactone-triol content of 60%. T g of the cellulose acetate butyrate ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kanis, L. A., Marques, E. L., Zepon, K. M., Pereira, J. R., Pamato, S., de Oliveira, M. T., Danielski, L. G., Petronilho, F. C. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Effect of boron oxide addition on fibre drawing, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour of phosphate-based glass fibres with fixed 40, 45 and 50 mol% P2O5
In this study, nine phosphate-based glass formulations from the system P2O5-CaO-Na2O-MgO-B2O3 were prepared with P2O5 contents fixed at 40, 45 and 50 mol%, where Na2O was replaced by 5 and 10 mol% B2O3 and MgO and CaO were fixed to 24 and 16 mol%, respectively. The effect of B2O3 addition on the fibre drawing, fibre mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour was investigated. It was found that addition of 5 and 10 mol% B2O3 enabled successful drawing of continuous fibres from glasses with phosphate (P2O5) contents fixed at 40, 45 and 50 mol%. The mechanical properties of the fibres were found to significantly increase...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 3, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Sharmin, N., Parsons, A. J., Rudd, C. D., Ahmed, I. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research