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Blood compatibility evaluations of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) copolymers
Poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(lactic acid) (PEG–PLA) copolymers have been widely used for various biomedical applications. However, their hemocompatibility has not been clarified, which would lag their developments and clinical applications. In this work, we studied the effect of PEG–PLA copolymers on key human blood components in terms of their structure and bio-functions, including morphology and lysis of red blood cells, fibrinogen structure and conformation, and plasma and blood coagulation. To elucidate a structure–activity relationship, we used diblock PEG–PLA copolymers with different mole...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 17, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Li, C., Ma, C., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z., Xue, W. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Impact of hydrogenation on physicochemical and biomedical properties of pH-sensitive PMAA-b-HTPB-b-PMAA triblock copolymer drug carriers
pH-Sensitive poly(methacrylic acid)-block-hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-block-poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA-b-HTPB-b-PMAA) was synthesized and then hydrogenated in this work. The chain structure, phase behavior and thermal properties were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, XRD, DSC, TGA, etc., and the physicochemical and biomedical properties were investigated via fluorescence spectroscopy, TEM, DLS, loading and release of drug and MTT, and so on. The experimental results indicated that the hydrogenation led to the change in the chain aggregate structure of hydrophobic HTPB blocks and the formation of more stable spherical ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 17, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Xu, F., Xu, J.-W., Luo, Y.-L. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Physical characteristics and biocompatibility of the polycaprolactone-biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds fabricated using the modified melt stretching and multilayer deposition
Physical properties and biocompatibility of polycaprolactone (PCL)–biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds fabricated by the modified melt stretching and multilayer deposition (mMSMD) technique were evaluated in vitro. The PCL–BCP scaffold specimens included group A; PCL: BCP (wt%) = 80:20 and group B; 70:30. Mechanical properties of the scaffolds were assessed using a universal testing machine. Degradation behaviors of the scaffolds were assessed over 60 days. The amount of calcium and phosphate ions released from the scaffolds was detected over 30 days. Attachment and growth of osteoblasts on the scaf...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 17, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Thuaksuban, N., Luntheng, T., Monmaturapoj, N. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Stimulation of apoptotic pathways in liver cancer cells: An alternative perspective on the biocompatibility and the utility of biomedical glasses
A host of research opportunities with innumerable clinical applications are open to biomedical glasses if one considers their potential as therapeutic inorganic ion delivery systems. Generally, applications have been limited to repair and regeneration of hard tissues while compositions are largely constrained to the original bioactive glass developed in the 1960s. However, in oncology applications the therapeutic paradigm shifts from repair to targeted destruction. With this in mind, the composition–structure–property–function relationships of vanadium-containing zinc-silicate glasses (0.51SiO2–0.29...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - April 17, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kilcup, N., Gaynard, S., Werner-Zwanziger, U., Tonkopi, E., Hayes, J., Boyd, D. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Hydrophilic surface modification of acrylate-based biomaterials
Acrylic polymers have proved to be excellent with regard to cell adhesion, colonization and survival, in vitro and in vivo. Highly ordered and regular pore structures thereof can be produced with the help of polyamide templates, which are removed with nitric acid. This treatment converts a fraction of the ethyl acrylate side groups into acrylic acid, turning poly(ethyl acrylate) scaffolds into a more hydrophilic and pH-sensitive substrate, while its good biological performance remains intact. To quantify the extent of such a modification, and be able to characterize the degree of hydrophilicity of poly(ethyl acrylate), pol...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Arnal-Pastor, M., Comin-Cebrian, S., Martinez-Ramos, C., Monleon Pradas, M., Valles-Lluch, A. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Plasma functionalization of polycarbonaturethane to improve endothelialization--Effect of shear stress as a critical factor for biocompatibility control
Medical devices made of polycarbonaturethane (PCU) combine excellent mechanical properties and little biological degradation, but restricted hemocompatibility. Modifications of PCU might reduce platelet adhesion and promote stable endothelialization. PCU was modified using gas plasma treatment, binding of hydrogels, and coupling of cell-active molecules (modified heparin, anti-thrombin III (ATIII), argatroban, fibronectin, laminin-nonapeptide, peptides with integrin-binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif). Biocompatibility was verified with static and dynamic cell culture techniques. Blinded analysis focused on...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lukas, K., Thomas, U., Gessner, A., Wehner, D., Schmid, T., Schmid, C., Lehle, K. Tags: Functional Biomaterials Surfaces Source Type: research

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles attenuate the TSLP levels via suppressing caspase-1 in activated mast cells
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZO-NPs) are used as antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, and to treat cancer. However, although ZO-NPs have excellent efficiency and specificity, their cytotoxicity is higher than that of micron-sized zinc oxide. Doping ZO-NPs with aluminum can improve therapeutic efficacy, but the biological effects and mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. Here, we reported the efficacy of aluminum-doped ZO-NP (AZO) on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) production and caspase-1 activation in human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells. AZO significantly reduced TSLP levels as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kim, M.-H., Seo, J.-H., Kim, H.-M., Jeong, H.-J. Tags: Nanotechnology in Biomaterials Source Type: research

Effect of GO-Fe3O4 and rotating magnetic field on cellular metabolic activity of mammalian cells
The effect of hybrid material—graphene flakes with Fe3O4 nanospheres (GO-Fe3O4), graphene oxide (GO) and magnetite nanospheres (Fe3O4) in rotating magnetic field on mammalian cells metabolism has been studied. Several reports shown that exposure to magnetic field may have influence on cellular membrane permeability. Thus, the aim of presented study was to determine the cellular response of L929 fibroblast cells to nanomaterials and rotating magnetic field for 8-h exposure experiment. The GO had tendency to adsorb proteins, thus cell metabolism was decreased and the effect of that mechanism was enhanced by impact of n...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Urbas, K., Jedrzejczak-Silicka, M., Rakoczy, R., Zaborski, D., Mijowska, E. Tags: Nanotechnology in Biomaterials Source Type: research

Preparation of a small intestinal submucosa modified polypropylene hybrid mesh via a mussel-inspired polydopamine coating for pelvic reconstruction
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a serious health issue that affects many adult women. Surgical treatments for POP patients comprise a common strategy in which scaffold materials are used to reconstruct the prolapsed pelvic. However, the existing materials for pelvic reconstruction cannot meet clinical requirements in terms of biocompatibility, mechanics and immunological rejection. To address these concerns, polypropylene (PP) mesh was selected because of its strong mechanical properties. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was used to modify the PP mesh via a mussel-inspired polydopamine coating to enhance its biocompatibilit...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ge, L., Liu, L., Wei, H., Du, L., Chen, S., Huang, Y., Huang, R. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

In vitro construction and in vivo regeneration of esophageal bilamellar muscle tissue
In order to induce esophageal muscle cells’ orientation, the silicon wafer with prototype 1 and prototype 2 was designed. Prototype 1 has micro-channels of 200 µm width and 30 µm depth with 30 µm wide wall as the interval. Prototype 2 has channels of 100 µm width and 30 µm depth with a discontinuous wall which has 30 µm gap for each 100 µm channel. The poly(ester urethane) scaffolds with pattern prototype 1 and prototype 2 were fabricated using solution casting method and abbreviated as PU1 and PU2, respectively. Silk fibroin was grafted individually on PU1 and PU2 surface (P...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Hou, L., Gong, C., Zhu, Y. Tags: Soft Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Preparation and bioactive properties of nano bioactive glass and segmented polyurethane composites
In conclusion, low content bioactive glass nanoparticles and segmented polyurethanes composites deserve further investigation for applications such as guided bone regeneration membranes, where osteoconductivity is desirable but not a demanding mechanical performance. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Aguilar-Perez, F. J., Vargas-Coronado, R. F., Cervantes-Uc, J. M., Cauich-Rodriguez, J. V., Covarrubias, C., Pedram-Yazdani, M. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Synthesis, characterization, and biocompatible properties of alanine-grafted chitosan copolymers
In order to overcome major problems regarding the lack of affinity to solvents and limited reactivity of the free amines of chitosan, introduction of appropriate spacer arms having terminal amine function is considered of interest. L-Alanine-N-carboxyanhydride was grafted onto chitosan via anionic ring-opening polymerization. The chemical and structural characterizations of L-alanine-grafted chitosan (Ala-g-Cts) were confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). In addition, the viscoelastic properties of Ala-g-Cts were examined by means of a rotation...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Park, G. H., Kang, M.-S., Knowles, J. C., Gong, M.-S. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Towards functional 3D-stacked electrospun composite scaffolds of PHBV, silk fibroin and nanohydroxyapatite: Mechanical properties and surface osteogenic differentiation
Bone tissue engineering scaffolds have two challenging functional tasks to fulfil: to encourage cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis and to provide suitable mechanical stability upon implantation. Composites of biopolymers and bioceramics combine the advantages of both types of materials, resulting in better processability and enhanced mechanical and biological properties through matrix reinforcement. In the present study, novel thick bone composite scaffolds were successfully fabricated using electrospun flat sheets of polyhydroxybutyrate–polyhydroxyvalerate/nanohydroxyapatite/silk fibroin essenc...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Pascu, E. I., Cahill, P. A., Stokes, J., McGuinness, G. B. Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research

Antigen-free bovine cancellous bone loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 for the repair of tibial bone defects in goat model
Antigen-free bovine cancellous bone has good performances of porous network structures and mechanics with antigen extracted. To develop a bioactive scaffold for enhancing bone repair and evaluate its biological property, rhBMP-2 loaded with antigen-free bovine cancellous bone was used to treat tibial bone defect. Twenty-four healthy adult goats were chosen to establish goat defects model and randomly divided into four groups. The goats were treated with rhBMP-2/antigen-free bovine cancellous bone scaffolds (group A), autogenous cancellous bone graft (group B), porous tricalciumphosphate scaffolds (group C) and nothing (gro...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Li, D., Deng, L., Yang, Z., Xie, X., Kang, P., Tan, Z. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research

Evaluation of porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composites for repair of lumbar vertebra defect in dogs
Conclusion New porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composites can promote the repair of bony defect, and induce bone tissue to ingrow into the pores, which may be applied widely to the treatment of bony defect in the future. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - March 23, 2016 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shao, R.-X., Quan, R.-F., Huang, X.-L., Wang, T., Xie, S.-J., Gao, H.-H., Wei, X.-C., Yang, D.-S. Tags: Hard Tissues and Materials Source Type: research