Towards functional 3D-stacked electrospun composite scaffolds of PHBV, silk fibroin and nanohydroxyapatite: Mechanical properties and surface osteogenic differentiation

Bone tissue engineering scaffolds have two challenging functional tasks to fulfil: to encourage cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis and to provide suitable mechanical stability upon implantation. Composites of biopolymers and bioceramics combine the advantages of both types of materials, resulting in better processability and enhanced mechanical and biological properties through matrix reinforcement. In the present study, novel thick bone composite scaffolds were successfully fabricated using electrospun flat sheets of polyhydroxybutyrate–polyhydroxyvalerate/nanohydroxyapatite/silk fibroin essence (2% nanohydroxyapatite – 2% silk fibroin essence and 5% nanohydroxyapatite – 5% silk fibroin essence, respectively). Their potential as in vitro bone regeneration scaffolds was evaluated using mouse calvarian osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1), in terms of morphology (scanning electron microscope), cell attachment, cell proliferation, Col type I, osteopontin and bone alkaline phosphatase activity (Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction [qRT-PCR], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunocytochemistry). Electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate–polyhydroxyvalerate scaffolds were used as reference constructs. The results showed that the compressive and tensile mechanical properties of the scaffolds are dependent on the change in their composition, and the treatment these underwent. Furthermore, methanol-treated and autoclaved (MA) P2 (2% nano...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - Category: Materials Science Authors: Tags: Biomaterials Processing Source Type: research