Comparing α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Binding, Amyloid‐β Deposition, and Mitochondria Complex‐I Function in Living Brain: A PET Study in Aged Monkeys
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Effects of amyloid‐β (Aβ) deposition on α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7‐nAChR) binding and on mitochondrial complex‐I (MC‐I) activity were assessed in the brain of aged monkeys (Macaca mulatta). PET measurements with [11C](R)‐MeQAA forα7‐nAChR binding, [11C]PIB for Aβ, and [18F]BCPP‐EF for MC‐I were conducted in monkeys in a conscious condition. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - August 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Shingo Nishiyama, Hiroyuki Ohba, Masakatsu Kanazawa, Takeharu Kakiuchi, Hideo Tsukada Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The elegance of energy balance: Insight from circuit‐level manipulations
This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Synapse published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ARCAgRP neurons promote food intake via inhibitory terminal field projections to the aBNST, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), lateral hypothalamus, and paraventricular thalamus. ARCAgRP neurons are functionally and monosynaptically connected to distinct subsets of PVH cells upstream marked by thyrotropin releasing hormone/ pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide and downstream marked by MC4R, which then send efferents to the lateral parabrachial nucleus to mediate appetite...
Source: Synapse - July 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Emily S. Webber, Antonello Bonci, Michael J. Krashes Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
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(Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - July 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Inhibition of PDE2A, but not PDE9A, modulates presynaptic short‐term plasticity measured by paired‐pulse facilitation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus
In conclusion, these data provide new evidence supporting a role of PDE2A modulating short‐term synaptic plasticity. Moreover, this function of PDE2A is suggested to rely on an active modulation of the cAMP hydrolysis as a response to changes in cGMP levels at the presynaptic level.
We studied the functional location of phosphodiesterases (PDE) 2A and 9A. Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase with BAY 41‐8543 impaired the forskolin‐induced increase in basal transmission and decrease in PPF. While PDE9A inhibitor did not change this forskolin effect on PPF, inhibition of PDE2A potentiated it, suggesting its presynapt...
Source: Synapse - July 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Diego Fernández‐Fernández, Holger Rosenbrock, Katja S. Kroker Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
G‐protein‐coupled inward rectifier potassium channels involved in corticostriatal presynaptic modulation
ABSTRACT
Presynaptic modulation has been associated mainly with calcium channels but recent data suggests that inward rectifier potassium channels (KIR) also play a role. In this work we set to characterize the role of presynaptic KIR channels in corticostriatal synaptic transmission. We elicited synaptic potentials in striatum by stimulating cortical areas and then determined the synaptic responses of corticostriatal synapsis by using paired pulse ratio (PPR) in the presence and absence of several potassium channel blockers. Unspecific potassium channels blockers Ba2+ and Cs+ reduced the PPR, suggesting that these channel...
Source: Synapse - July 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: David Meneses, Verónica Mateos, Gustavo Islas, Jaime Barral Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist SB‐277011A significantly accelerates extinction to environmental cues associated with cocaine‐induced place preference in male sprague‐dawley rats
The authors show that the dopamine D3 antagonist SB‐277011‐A significantly accelerated the extinction of a conditioned place preference to cocaine in a dose dependent manner. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - July 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Charles R. Ashby, Onarae V. Rice, Christian A. Heidbreder, Eliot L. Gardner Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Characterization of [123I]FP‐CIT binding to the dopamine transporter in the striatum of tree shrews by quantitative in vitro autoradiography
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Using in vitro autoradiography, the authors characterize the binding of [123I]FP‐CIT to striatal dopamine transporters in tree shrew compared to rat. This is the first report of the dissociation constant of [123I]FP‐CIT for the dopamine transporter in mammalian brain. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - July 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Stefanie Geisler, Nicola Beindorff, Markus Cremer, Kerstin Hoffmann, Winfried Brenner, Paul Cumming, Philipp T. Meyer, Karl‐Josef Langen, Eberhard Fuchs, Ralph Buchert Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The elegance of energy balance: Insight from circuit level manipulations
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
ARCAgRP neurons promote food intake via inhibitory terminal field projections to the aBNST, PVH, LH and PVT. ARCAgRP neurons are functionally and monosynaptically connected to distinct subsets of PVH cells upstream marked by TRH/PACAP and downstream marked by MC4R, which then send efferents to the LPBN to mediate appetite control. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - June 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: E.S. Webber, A. Bonci, M.J. Krashes Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
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(Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - June 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Optimising PET approaches to measuring 5‐HT release in human brain
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From our analysis it seems that MDMA in combination with [11C]Cimbi‐36 might be the best combination of releaser and radio‐tracer to measure endogenous 5‐HT release, given that at the predicted [brain] (dashed line) from a dose of 75mg would have little RO (<10%) or impact on the radio‐tracer signal. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - June 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Robin J. Tyacke, David J. Nutt Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Relationship between dopamine deficit and the expression of depressive behavior resulted from alteration of serotonin system
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The degree of dopaminergic dysfunction was positively correlated with the impairment of the serotonin system. Severity of motor symptoms was also closely related to depressive behavior. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - June 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Minkyung Lee, Young Hoon Ryu, Won Gil Cho, Yeo Wool Kang, Soo Jin Lee, Tae Joo Jeon, Chul Hyoung Loo, Chul Hoon Kim, Dong Goo Kim, Kyochul Lee, Tae Hyun Choi, Jae Yong Choi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A high Calorie diet causes memory loss, metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress into hippocampus and temporal cortex of rats
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Ours results suggest that chronic administration of a high‐caloric diet induces an impairment in spatial memory as well as a astrogliosis and oxidative stress, which suggests the involvement of metabolic syndrome in the neurodegeneration in rat. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - June 13, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Samuel Treviño, Patrícia Aguilar‐Alonso, Jose Angel Flores, Eduardo Brambila, Jorge Guevara, Gonzalo Flores, Gustavo Lopez‐Lopez, Guadalupe Muñoz‐Arenas, JC Morales‐Medina, Veronica Toxqui, Berenice Venegas, Alfonso Diaz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
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(Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - May 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
The effect of dopamine D4 receptor density on novelty seeking, activity, social interaction, and alcohol binge drinking in adult mice
In conclusion, our data suggest that the dopamine D4 receptor gene has an important role in increased exploratory and anxiolytic behavior only in males and these behaviors were positively correlated with increased alcohol consumption. This interaction between sex hormones and dopamine D4 receptor genotype/function predicting future alcohol abuse and correlation with anxiolytic and exploratory behavior in male mice could have important implications for better understanding of vulnerabilities associated with addiction. Synapse, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The authors show a significant positive correlation between...
Source: Synapse - May 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Panayotis K. Thanos, Kareema Roushdy, Zehan Sarwar, Onarae Rice, Charles R. Ashby, David K. Grandy Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Effect of low doses of methamphetamine on rat limbic‐related neurotensin systems
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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Our findings suggest that 4 low doses of METH (∼0.25 mg/kg) have opposite effects on limbic‐related neurotensin systems than high doses (∼5‐10 mg/kg). Thus, low‐dose METH increases NT release by activating a combination of D1/D2 receptors while high‐dose METH reduces NT release by selectively activating D1 receptors. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - May 13, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mario E. Alburges, Amanda J. Hoonakker, Nathaniel M. Cordova, Christina M. Robson, Lisa M. McFadden, Amber L. Martin, Glen R. Hanson Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
