Harnessing the Trophic and Modulatory Potential of Statins in a Dopaminergic Cell Line
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Using dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells, the authors show that statins may induce neurite growth and dopaminergic phenotype as well as modulate dopamine transport function, probably through SREBP‐1 activation. This dopaminergic differentiation could contribute to neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of the statins epidemiologically observed in Parkinson's disease. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - December 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mathieu Schmitt, Benjamin Dehay, Erwan Bezard, F. Javier Garcia‐Ladona Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Sex differences in the ontogeny of CRF receptors during adolescent development in the dorsal raphe nucleus and ventral tegmental area
This study identified that CRF1 receptors are lower in males than females within the dorsal, ventrolateral region of the DR (DRVL), which is involved in anxiety‐, stress‐, and panic‐related responses. Females had higher CRF2 receptors compared to males in the DRVL only. Levels of TPH2 mRNA in the DRVL were overproduced transiently in females before declining into adulthood. These fundamental studies suggest that sex differences in CRF receptors should be considered when examining stress‐related neuropsychiatric disorders and their treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Lukkes et al...
Source: Synapse - December 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Jodi L. Lukkes, Kevin Norman, Shirisha Meda, Susan L. Andersen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Neonatal prebiotic supplementation increases the levels of synaptophysin, glun2a‐subunits and bdnf proteins in the adult rat hippocampus
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The hippocampus of neonatal rats fed daily with a prebiotic (BGOS) from post‐natal day 3 ‐21, contained elevated levels of neuronal proteins (GluN2A, synaptophysin and BDNF) at post‐natal day 22 and 56, compared to controls. This suggests that early‐life prebiotic supplementation may influence the development and maturation of the hippocampus. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - December 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Sarah Williams, Li Chen, Helene M Savignac, George Tzortzis, Daniel C Anthony, Philip WJ Burnet Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Comparative evaluation of two glycine transporter 1 radiotracers [11C]GSK931145 and [18F]MK‐6577 in baboons
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - December 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ming‐Qiang Zheng, Shu‐fei Lin, Daniel Holden, Mika Naganawa, Jim R. Ropchan, Soheila Najafzaden, Michael Kapinos, Mike Tabriz, Richard E. Carson, Terence G. Hamill, Yiyun Huang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
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(Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - December 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Unexpected toxicity of very low dose MPTP in mice: A clue to the etiology of Parkinson's disease?
ABSTRACT
Although much progress have been made in recent years, the etiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease remains obscure. The chance discovery that injection of the neurotoxin 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces a syndrome very similar to parkinsonism introduced the "environmental toxin" hypothesis but no toxin was ever found in any quantity in patients' brains. We have unexpectedly now found, however, that, in mice, very low doses of MPTP induce as much dopaminergic neuronal death as far higher doses. Cellular detoxification mechanisms would appear to be incapacitated at such low do...
Source: Synapse - December 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Sandra Dovero, Christian Gross, Erwan Bezard Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Cocaine Occupancy of Sigma1 Receptors and Dopamine Transporters in Mice
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Cocaine exhibits substantial occupancy of cerebral σ1 receptors in mice, ED50 68 μmol / kg (∼ 20 mg / kg). Ex vivo autoradiography shows uniform interactions of the drug with σ1 receptors throughout the brain, with inhibition of radioligand binding proportional to the site densities of the various brain regions. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: John R. Lever, Emily A. Fergason‐Cantrell, Lisa D. Watkinson, Terry L. Carmack, Sarah A. Lord, Rong Xu, Dennis K. Miller, Susan Z. Lever Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Glutamate drug reduces dopamine inhibition of phosphorylation
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Pomaglumetad methionil (or LY404039) inhibits the phosphorylating action of dopamine on glycogen synthase kinase‐3, indicating that the possible clinical action of this compound would be a result of the stimulation of both glutamate and dopamine D2 receptors. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ping Su, Justin Y.D. Lu, Philip Seeman, Fang Liu Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
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(Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Early Prenatal Exposure to MPTP Does Not Affect Nigrostrial Neurons in Macaque Monkey
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Source: Synapse - November 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mathieu Bourdenx, Sandra Dovero, Philippe De Deurwaerdère, Qin Li, Erwan Bezard Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Unexpected toxicity of very low dose MPTP in mice: A clue to the aetiology of Parkinson's disease?
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Sandra Dovero, Christian Gross, Erwan Bezard Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Detecting a dexmedetomidine‐evoked reduction of noradrenaline release in the human brain with the alpha2C‐adrenoceptor PET ligand [11C]ORM‐13070
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Dexmedetomidine was infused with target plasma concentrations of 0.6 ng/ml and 0.2 ng/ml. Tracer binding was measured by voxel‐based analysis of bound per free images. As an indication of reduced synaptic noradrenaline, both dose levels were associated with increased tracer uptake in the thalamus, but statistical significance was not reached. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 13, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Jussi Lehto, Annalotta Scheinin, Jarkko Johansson, Päivi Marjamäki, Eveliina Arponen, Harry Scheinin, Mika Scheinin Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Effects of lead exposure on dendrite and spine development in hippocampal dentate gyrus areas of rats
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Lead exposure during pregnancy and lactation disturbed the dendrite extension, spine protrusion and maturity of granule cells in the hippocampal DG areas of rats. A decrease in Arc/Arg 3.1 expression may be involved in this effect. (Source: Synapse)
Source: Synapse - November 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Fan Hu, Meng‐meng Ge, Wei‐heng Chen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Modeling and measurement of vesicle pools at the cone ribbon synapse: Changes in release probability are solely responsible for voltage‐dependent changes in release
ABSTRACT
Postsynaptic responses are a product of quantal amplitude (Q), size of the releasable vesicle pool (N), and release probability (P). Voltage‐dependent changes in presynaptic Ca2+ entry alter postsynaptic responses primarily by changing P but have also been shown to influence N. With simultaneous whole cell recordings from cone photoreceptors and horizontal cells in tiger salamander retinal slices, we measured N and P at cone ribbon synapses by using a train of depolarizing pulses to stimulate release and deplete the pool. We developed an analytical model that calculates the total pool size contributing to releas...
Source: Synapse - November 6, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wallace B. Thoreson, Matthew J. Van hook, Caitlyn Parmelee, Carina Curto Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
