Racial Discrimination and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Disturbance: the 2002/03 New Zealand Health Survey
Conclusions:Racial discrimination may play an important role in ethnic disparities in sleep disturbances in New Zealand. Activities to improve the sleep health of non-dominant ethnic groups should consider the potentially multifarious ways in which racial discrimination can disturb sleep.Citation:Paine SJ, Harris R, Cormack D, Stanley J. Racial discrimination and ethnic disparities in sleep disturbance: the 2002/03 New Zealand Health Survey. SLEEP 2016;39(2):477–485. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Bisphenol-A and Sleep Adequacy among Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
Conclusions:
Loge-transformed BPA level may be associated with fewer hours of sleep among U.S. adults, with implications for prevention. Further research involving diverse populations are needed to confirm these study findings.
Citation:
Beydoun HA, Beydoun MA, Jeng HA, Zonderman AB, Eid SM. Bisphenol-A and sleep adequacy among adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. SLEEP 2016;39(2):467–476. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Bedtime Variability and Metabolic Health in Midlife Women: The SWAN Sleep Study
Conclusion:Frequent shifts in sleep timing may be related to metabolic health among non-shift working midlife women.Commentary:A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 269.Citation:Taylor BJ, Matthews KA, Hasler BP, Roecklein KA, Kline CE, Buysse DJ, Kravitz HM, Tiani AG, Harlow SD, Hall MH. Bedtime variability and metabolic health in midlife women: the SWAN Sleep Study. SLEEP 2016;39(2):457–465. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Identifying At-Risk Individuals for Insomnia Using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test
Conclusions:The current study established a cost- and time-effective strategy for identifying individuals at elevated risk for insomnia based on trait sleep reactivity. The FIRST accurately identifies a focused target population in which the psychobiological processes complicit in insomnia onset and progression can be better investigated, thus improving future preventive efforts.Citation:Kalmbach DA, Pillai V, Arnedt JT, Drake CL. Identifying at-risk individuals for insomnia using the ford insomnia response to stress test. SLEEP 2016;39(2):449–456. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Neural Reward Processing Mediates the Relationship between Insomnia Symptoms and Depression in Adolescence
Conclusions:These results suggest that NRS may contribute to depression by disrupting reward processing via altered activity in a region of prefrontal cortex involved in affective control. The results also support the mechanistic differentiation of NIS and NRS.Citation:Casement MD, Keenan KE, Hipwell AE, Guyer AE, Forbes EE. Neural reward processing mediates the relationship between insomnia symptoms and depression in adolescence. SLEEP 2016;39(2):439–447. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Long-Term Cognitive Impairment in Kleine-Levin Syndrome
Conclusions:In this field study, one-third of patients with KLS have long-term cognitive deficits affecting retrieval and processing speed. Cognitive function should be systematically tested in patients with KLS, which appears important to help patients in their academic studies.Citation:Uguccioni G, Lavault S, Chaumereuil C, Golmard JL, Gagnon JF, Arnulf I. Long-term cognitive impairment in kleine-levin syndrome. SLEEP 2016;39(2):429–438. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Microstructure of the Midbrain and Cervical Spinal Cord in Idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Conclusions:The imaging data suggest that significant alterations in the midbrain in RLS can be visualized by DTI and might correlate to a macroscopically subtle process with changes of the tissue microstructure in the corresponding tracts. An additional area of interest is regionally clustered in the upper cervical spinal cord with a tendency toward altered diffusion metrics. These results might be addressed by further studies, e.g., at higher magnetic field strengths.Citation:Lindemann K, Müller HP, Ludolph AC, Hornyak M, Kassubek J. Microstructure of the midbrain and cervical spinal cord in idiopathic restless legs...
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
A Data-Driven Analysis of the Rules Defining Bilateral Leg Movements during Sleep
Conclusions:The results of this study indicate that the two current standard scoring rules for the definition of bilateral LMs during sleep provide largely corresponding classifications in subjects with RLS and, in a clinical context, can be considered to be equivalent.Citation:Ferri R, Manconi M, Rundo F, Zucconi M, Aricò D, Bruni O, Ferini-Strambi L, Fulda S. A data-driven analysis of the rules defining bilateral leg movements during sleep. SLEEP 2016;39(2):413–421. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
A Four-Year Longitudinal Study on Restless Legs Syndrome in Parkinson Disease
Conclusions:RLS is present since PD diagnosis, and increases in prevalence during the course of PD. PD subjects with RLS have higher age at PD onset, more preserved dopaminergic pathways, and worse sleep and cardiovascular disturbances.Citation:Moccia M, Erro R, Picillo M, Santangelo G, Spina E, Allocca R, Longo K, Amboni M, Palladino R, Assante R, Pappatà S, Pellecchia MT, Barone P, Vitale C. A four-year longitudinal study on restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease. SLEEP 2016;39(2):405–412. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
RGS Proteins and Gαi2 Modulate Sleep, Wakefulness, and Disruption of Sleep/ Wake States after Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia
Conclusions:RGS proteins and Gαi2 play a significant role in regulating states of wakefulness, NREM sleep, and REM sleep. Genotype-specific differences demonstrate that RGS proteins modulate sleep disruption caused by isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia. The results also support the conclusion that isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia do not satisfy the homeostatic drive for sleep.Citation:Zhang H, Wheat H, Wang P, Jiang S, Baghdoyan HA, Neubig RR, Shi XY, Lydic R. RGS proteins and Gαi2 modulate sleep, wakefulness, and disruption of sleep/wake states after isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia. SLEEP 2016;39(2...
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Quantitative Electroencephalographic Analysis Provides an Early-Stage Indicator of Disease Onset and Progression in the zQ175 Knock-In Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease
Conclusions:The expression of the Huntington's disease (HD) mutation results in complex EEG alterations that occur prior to deficits in behavioral measures and are one of the earliest phenotypes uncovered in this mouse model. Despite these EEG changes, homeostatic responses to sleep loss were preserved in HET and HOM zQ175 mice. Greater insight into the localization and response of these EEG alterations to novel therapies may enable early intervention and improve outcomes for patients with HD.Citation:Fisher SP, Schwartz MD, Wurts-Black S, Thomas AM, Chen TM, Miller MA, Palmerston JB, Kilduff TS, Morairty SR. Quantitative ...
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Progressive Loss of the Orexin Neurons Reveals Dual Effects on Wakefulness
Conclusions:These findings help explain the sleepiness and fragmented sleep that are characteristic of narcolepsy. Orexin neuron loss impairs survival of long wake bouts resulting in poor maintenance of wakefulness, but this neuronal loss also fragments sleep by increasing the risk of awakening at the beginning of sleep and then reducing the likelihood of quickly returning to sleep.Citation:Branch AF, Navidi W, Tabuchi S, Terao A, Yamanaka A, Scammell TE, Diniz Behn C. Progressive loss of the orexin neurons reveals dual effects on wakefulness. SLEEP 2016;39(2):369–377. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Orexin Receptor Antagonism Improves Sleep and Reduces Seizures in Kcna1-null Mice
Conclusion:Dual orexin receptor antagonists may be an effective sleeping aid in epilepsy, and warrants further study on their somnogenic and ant-seizure effects in other epilepsy models.Citation:Roundtree HM, Simeone TA, Johnson C, Matthews SA, Samson KK, Simeone KA. Orexin receptor antagonism improves sleep and reduces seizures in Kcna1-null mice. SLEEP 2016;39(2):357–368. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
The Drosophila Circadian Clock Gates Sleep through Time-of-Day Dependent Modulation of Sleep-Promoting Neurons
Conclusions:We conclude that the circadian system functions to gate sleep through active inhibition at specific times of day. These data identify a mechanism through which the circadian system prevents premature sleep onset in the late evening, when homeostatic sleep drive is high.Citation:Cavanaugh DJ, Vigderman AS, Dean T, Garbe DS, Sehgal A. The Drosophila circadian clock gates sleep through time-of-day dependent modulation of sleep-promoting neurons. SLEEP 2016;39(2):345–356. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Tube Law of the Pharyngeal Airway in Sleeping Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Conclusions:
The pharyngeal tube law is concave (airway gets stiffer as luminal pressure decreases) during respiratory cycles under inspiratory flow limitation.
Citation:
Genta PR, Edwards BA, Sands SA, Owens RL, Butler JP, Loring SH, White DP, Wellman A. Tube law of the pharyngeal airway in sleeping patients with obstructive sleep apnea. SLEEP 2016;39(2):337–343. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - January 31, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
