Inhibition of Orexin Signaling Promotes Sleep Yet Preserves Salient Arousability in Monkeys
Conclusions:In nonhuman primates, DORAs' targeted mechanism for promoting sleep protects the ability to selectively arouse to salient stimuli and perform attentional tasks unimpaired, suggesting meaningful differentiation between a hypnotic agent that works through antagonizing orexin wake signaling versus the sedative hypnotic effects of the GABAaR modulator mechanism of action.Citation:Tannenbaum PL, Tye SJ, Stevens J, Gotter AL, Fox SV, Savitz AT, Coleman PJ, Uslaner JM, Kuduk SD, Hargreaves R, Winrow CJ, Renger JJ. Inhibition of orexin signaling promotes sleep yet preserves salient arousability in monkeys. SLEEP 2016;3...
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Altered Sleep Homeostasis in Rev-erbĪ± Knockout Mice
Conclusions:Our results add further proof to the notion that clock genes are involved in sleep homeostasis. Because accumulating evidence directly links REV-ERBα to dopamine signaling the altered homeostatic regulation of sleep reported here are discussed in that context.Citation:Mang GM, La Spada F, Emmenegger Y, Chappuis S, Ripperger JA, Albrecht U, Franken P. Altered sleep homeostasis in Rev-erbα knockout mice. SLEEP 2016;39(3):589–601. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Narcolepsy-Associated HLA Class I Alleles Implicate Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity
Conclusions:
Our findings provide a genetic basis for increased susceptibility to infectious factors or an immune cytotoxic mechanism in narcolepsy, potentially targeting hypocretin neurons.
Citation:
Tafti M, Lammers GJ, Dauvilliers Y, Overeem S, Mayer G, Nowak J, Pfister C, Dubois V, Eliaou JF, Eberhard HP, Liblau R, Wierzbicka A, Geisler P, Bassetti CL, Mathis J, Lecendreux M, Khatami R, Heinzer R, Haba-Rubio J, Feketeova E, Baumann CR, Kutalik Z, Tiercy JM. Narcolepsy-associated HLA class I alleles implicate cell-mediated cytotoxicity. SLEEP 2016;39(3):581–587. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Smoking, Alcohol, Drug Use, Abuse and Dependence in Narcolepsy and Idiopathic Hypersomnia: A Case-Control Study
Conclusions:We first described a low frequency of illicit drug use, dependence, or abuse in patients with central hypersomnia, whether Hcrt-deficient or not, and whether drug-free or medicated, in the same range as in controls. Conversely, heavy drinkers were rare in NT1 compared to controls but not to other hypersomniacs, without any change in alcohol dependence or abuse frequency. Although disruption of hypocretin signaling in rodents reduces drug-seeking behaviors, our results do not support that hypocretin deficiency constitutes a protective factor against the development of drug addiction in humans.Citation:Barateau L...
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Impact of Restless Legs Syndrome on Cardiovascular Autonomic Control
Conclusion:Patients with restless legs syndrome demonstrate compromised cardiovagal control, specific to the arterial baroreflex, with greater peripheral vascular resistance, potentially due to heightened sympathetic outflow. These autonomic alterations may directly relate to the higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in restless legs syndrome.Citation:Bertisch SM, Muresan C, Schoerning L, Winkelman JW, Taylor JA. Impact of restless legs syndrome on cardiovascular autonomic control. SLEEP 2016;39(3):565–571. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Insomnia and Telomere Length in Older Adults
Conclusions:Insomnia is associated with shorter PBMC telomere length in adults aged 70–88 y, but not in those younger than 70 y, suggesting that clinically severe sleep disturbances may increase cellular aging, especially in the later years of life. These findings highlight insomnia as a vulnerability factor in later life, with implications for risk for diseases of aging.Citation:Carroll JE, Esquivel S, Goldberg A, Seeman TE, Effros RB, Dock J, Olmstead R, Breen EC, Irwin MR. Insomnia and telomere length in older adults. SLEEP 2016;39(3):559–564. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Insomnia Symptoms Are Not Associated with Dyslipidemia: A Population-Based Study
Conclusions:
Insomnia symptoms were generally not associated with dyslipidemia, but receipt of sleeping pills in the setting of insomnia was associated with elevated LDL-C. Further research is needed to confirm a possible link between sleeping pill use and dyslipidemia and to delineate if an association with atherosclerosis exists with specific types of sleeping pills or with all sedative medications more broadly.
Citation:
Vozoris NT. Insomnia symptoms are not associated with dyslipidemia: a population-based study. SLEEP 2016;39(3):551–558. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Mild Airflow Limitation during N2 Sleep Increases K-complex Frequency and Slows Electroencephalographic Activity
Conclusion:
Mild airflow limitation increases K-complex frequency, N550 amplitude, and spectral power of delta and theta bands. In addition to providing mechanistic insight into the role of mild airflow limitation on K-complex characteristics and EEG activity, these findings may have important implications for respiratory conditions in which airflow limitation during sleep is common (e.g., snoring and OSA).
Citation:
Nguyen CD, Wellman A, Jordan AS, Eckert DJ. Mild airflow limitation during N2 sleep increases k-complex frequency and slows electroencephalographic activity. SLEEP 2016;39(3):541–550. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Sleep Disordered Breathing and Risk of Stroke in Older Community-Dwelling Men
Conclusions:Older men with severe nocturnal hypoxemia are at significantly increased risk of incident stroke. Measures of overnight oxygen saturation may better identify older men at risk for stroke than measures of apnea frequency.Citation:Stone KL, Blackwell TL, Ancoli-Israel S, Barrett-Connor E, Bauer DC, Cauley JA, Ensrud KE, Hoffman AR, Mehra R, Stefanick ML, Varosy PD, Yaffe K, Redline S; Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study Research Group. Sleep disordered breathing and risk of stroke in older community-dwelling men. SLEEP 2016;39(3):531–540. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Left Ventricular Structure by Age and Gender: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Conclusions:Independent of confounders, higher levels of AHI are significantly associated with increased LV mass in both men and women younger than 65 y from a community-based cohort.Citation:Javaheri S, Sharma RK, Wang R, Weng J, Rosen BD, Bluemke DA, Lima JA, Redline S. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and left ventricular structure by age and gender: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. SLEEP 2016;39(3):523–529. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Upper Airway Collapsibility (Pcrit) and Pharyngeal Dilator Muscle Activity are Sleep Stage Dependent
Conclusions:
Upper airway collapsibility measured via the Pcrit technique and genioglossus muscle activity vary with sleep stage. These findings should be taken into account when performing and interpreting “passive” Pcrit measurements.
Citation:
Carberry JC, Jordan AS, White DP, Wellman A, Eckert DJ. Upper airway collapsibility (Pcrit) and pharyngeal dilator muscle activity are sleep stage dependent. SLEEP 2016;39(3):511–521. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Remote Ambulatory Management of Veterans with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Conclusions:Our pilot study suggests that telemedicine-based management of OSA patients is feasible in terms of patient functional outcomes and overall satisfaction with care. Future studies should include larger populations to further elucidate these findings while assessing provider- and patient-related cost effectiveness.Citation:Fields BG, Behari PP, McCloskey S, True G, Richardson D, Thomasson A, Korom-Djakovic D, Davies K, Kuna ST. Remote ambulatory management of veterans with obstructive sleep apnea. SLEEP 2016;39(3):501–509. (Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
The Cumulative Impact of Adolescent Sleep Loss: Next Steps
(Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Hungry for Sleep: A Role for Endocannabinoids?
(Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
Unihemispheric Sleep: An Enigma for Current Models of Sleep-Wake Regulation
(Source: Sleep)
Source: Sleep - March 1, 2016 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research
