International Journal of Experimental Pathology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Pulsatile exposure to simulated reflux leads to changes in gene expression in a 3D model of oesophageal mucosa
Summary Oesophageal exposure to duodenogastroesophageal refluxate is implicated in the development of Barrett's metaplasia (BM), with increased risk of progression to oesophageal adenocarcinoma. The literature proposes that reflux exposure activates NF‐κB, driving the aberrant expression of intestine‐specific caudal‐related homeobox (CDX) genes. However, early events in the pathogenesis of BM from normal epithelium are poorly understood. To investigate this, our study subjected a 3D model of the normal human oesophageal mucosa to repeated, pulsatile exposure to specific bile components and examined changes in gene e...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - April 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Nicola H. Green, Zoe Nicholls, Paul R. Heath, Jonathan Cooper‐Knock, Bernard M. Corfe, Sheila MacNeil, Jonathan P. Bury Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

CX3CR1 RNAi inhibits hypoxia‐induced microglia activation via p38MAPK/PKC pathway
Summary There is accumulating evidence which demonstrates that chronic cerebral ischaemia can induce white matter lesions (WMLs), and microglia‐activation‐mediated cytokines and proteases releasing during the ischaemia might play a vital role in pathogenesis. In addition, hypoxia‐induced upregulated expression of fractalkine promotes the activation of microglia and their migration to the lesions through interaction with its receptor CX3CR1. However, the specific mechanisms involved in fractalkine/CX3CR1‐mediated microglial activation have not been fully identified. In the present study, we constructed lentivirus en...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Yong Liu, Tianzhi Zhao, Zhao Yang, Qianning Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Adipocyte dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin–nicotinamide‐induced diabetes
This study was undertaken to determine the metabolic and secretory activity of adipose tissue in rats with STZ‐NA‐induced diabetes. Experiments were performed using epididymal adipocytes isolated from control and mildly diabetic rats. Lipogenesis, glucose transport as well as glucose and alanine oxidation, lipolysis, anti‐lipolysis, cAMP levels and adipokine secretion were compared in cells isolated from the control and diabetic rats. Lipogenesis, glucose transport and oxidation were diminished in the adipocytes of diabetic rats compared with the fat cells of control animals. However, alanine oxidation appeared to be...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Katarzyna Szkudelska, Leszek Nogowski, Tomasz Szkudelski Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 16, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Effects of long‐acting somatostatin analogues on redox systems in rat lens in experimental diabetes
Summary The effects of long‐acting somatostatin analogues, angiopeptin (AGP) and Sandostatin (SMS), on the early decline in the lens content of glutathione (GSH), ATP and NADPH and increase in sorbitol were studied in STZ diabetic rats, and comparison was made with the effect of insulin. Three factors prompted this study: (i) the known increase in IGF‐1 in ocular tissue in diabetes and antagonistic effect of somatostatins, (ii) the known effect of IGF‐1 in increasing lens aldose reductase and (iii) the lack of effect of somatostatins on diabetic hyperglycaemia, the latter enabling a differentiation to be made between...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 6, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Sirilaksana Kunjara, A. Leslie Greenbaum, Milena Sochor, Allan Flyvbjerg, Henning Grønbaek, Patricia McLean Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Atheroprotective remodelling of vascular dermatan sulphate proteoglycans in response to hypercholesterolaemia in a rat model
Summary Proteoglycan accumulation within the arterial intima has been implicated in atherosclerosis progression in humans. Nevertheless, hypercholesterolaemia is unable to induce intimal thickening and atheroma plaque development in rats. The study was performed to analyse proteoglycans modifications in rats fed with a high‐cholesterol diet to understand whether vascular wall remodelling protects against lesions. Sections obtained from rat aortas showed normal features, in intimal‐to‐media ratio and lipid accumulation. However, focal endothelial hyperplasia and neo‐intima rearrangement were observed in high‐chole...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - February 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Roxana Oberkersch, Francesca Maccari, Alicia I. Bravo, Nicola Volpi, Silvina Gazzaniga, Graciela C. Calabrese Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Pathogenesis of percutaneous infection of goats with Burkholderia pseudomallei: clinical, pathologic, and immunological responses in chronic melioidosis
Summary Melioidosis is a severe suppurative to granulomatous infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. The disease is endemic to South‐East Asia and Northern Australasia and is also of interest as a potential biological weapon. Natural infection can occur by percutaneous inoculation, inhalation or ingestion, but the relative importance of each route is unknown. Experimental infection models using mice have shown inhalation to be the most lethal route of exposure, but few studies have examined the pathogenesis of percutaneous infection despite its presumptive importance in natural disease. Caprine models are useful i...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - February 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Carl Soffler, Angela M. Bosco‐Lauth, Tawfik A. Aboellail, Angela J. Marolf, Richard A. Bowen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Herpes simplex virus inoculation in murine rete testis results in irreversible testicular damage
This study aimed to establish the influence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) on testis morphology and germ cell development using a model of ascending urogenital HSV infection in mice. Adult C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with 100 plaque‐forming units of HSV1 in rete testis. Viral proteins and HSV DNA were detected from 3 days postinoculation (DPI), while capsids and virions could be visualized at 6 DPI. Infectious activity of HSV was revealed by rapid culture method in testes from 3 to 14 DPI, and virus DNA by PCR – from 3 to 100 DPI. Germ and Sertoli cells were infected during the early stages of the infection, wherea...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - February 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Ekaterina A. Malolina, Andrey Y. Kulibin, Victor A. Naumenko, Elena A. Gushchina, Larisa E. Zavalishina, Alla A. Kushch Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The increased gastroprotective effect of pioglitazone in cholestatic rats: role of nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor alpha
Summary The prevalence of gastric ulcers is high in cholestatic patients, but the exact mechanism of this increased frequency remains uncertain. It has been shown that pioglitazone accelerates the healing of pre‐existing gastric ulcers. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of pioglitazone, on the gastric mucosal lesions in cholestatic rats. Cholestasis was induced by surgical ligation of common bile duct and sham‐operated rats served as control. Different groups of sham and cholestatic animals received solvent or pioglitazone (5, 15, 30 mg/kg) for 7 days. On the day eight rats were killed after or...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 23, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Leila Moezi, Zeinab Janahmadi, Zahra Amirghofran, Ali Akbar Nekooeian, Ahmad R. Dehpour Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Islets of Langerhans from prohormone convertase‐2 knockout mice show α‐cell hyperplasia and tumorigenesis with elevated α‐cell neogenesis
Summary Antagonism of the effects of glucagon as an adjunct therapy with other glucose‐lowering drugs in the chronic treatment of diabetes has been suggested to aggressively control blood glucose levels. Antagonism of glucagon effects, by targeting glucagon secretion or disabling the glucagon receptor, is associated with α‐cell hyperplasia. We evaluated the influence of total glucagon withdrawal on islets of Langerhans using prohormone convertase‐2 knockout mice (PC2‐ko), in which α‐cell hyperplasia is present from a young age and persists throughout life, in order to understand whether or not sustained glucago...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 23, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Huw B. Jones, Jaimini Reens, Simon R. Brocklehurst, Catherine J. Betts, Sue Bickerton, Alison L. Bigley, Richard P. Jenkins, Nicky M. Whalley, Derrick Morgan, David M. Smith Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

DNA content analysis of colorectal cancer defines a distinct ‘microsatellite and chromosome stable’ group but does not predict response to radiotherapy
Summary Colorectal cancers (CRC) are thought to have genetic instability in the form of either microsatellite instability (MSI) or chromosomal instability (CIN). Recently, tumours have been described without either MSI or CIN, that is, microsatellite and chromosome stable (MACS) CRCs. We investigated the (i) frequency of the MACS‐CRCs and (ii) whether this genotype predicted responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. To examine the frequency of MACS‐CRCs, DNA content (ploidy) was examined in 89 sporadic microsatellite‐stable CRCs using flow cytometry. The tumours were also screened for mutations in KRAS/BRAF/TP...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 23, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Wakkas Fadhil, Karin Kindle, Darryl Jackson, Abed Zaitoun, Nina Lane, Adrian Robins, Mohammad Ilyas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 23, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

A mathematical model of the colon crypt capturing compositional dynamic interactions between cell types
We report the progressive development, iterative testing and fitting of a developed compartmental model with additional cell types, and which includes feedback mechanisms and cross‐regulatory mechanisms between cell types. The fitting of the model to existing data sets suggests a need to invoke cross‐talk between cell types as a feature of colon crypt cycle models. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - December 20, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Kieran Smallbone, Bernard M. Corfe Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Wild‐type K‐ras has a tumour suppressor effect on carcinogen‐induced murine colorectal adenoma formation
In conclusion, the data collectively show that a 50% reduction in K‐ras gene dosage and RNA expression promoted experimental colorectal tumourigenesis, consistent with wild‐type K‐ras having a tumour suppressor effect on carcinogen‐induced murine colorectal adenoma formation. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - December 20, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Feijun Luo, George Poulogiannis, Hongtao Ye, Rifat Hamoudi, Gehong Dong, Wenyan Zhang, Ashraf E. K. Ibrahim, Mark J. Arends Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The energy density of laser light differentially modulates the skin morphological reorganization in a murine model of healing by secondary intention
This study investigates the influence of gallium–arsenide (GaAs) laser photobiostimulation applied with different energy densities on skin wound healing by secondary intention in rats. Three circular wounds, 10 mm in diameter, were made on the dorsolateral region of 21 Wistar rats weighting 282.12 ± 36.08 g. The animals were equally randomized into three groups: Group SAL, saline solution 0.9%; Group L3, laser GaAs 3 J/cm2; Group L30, laser GaAs 30 J/cm2. Analyses of cells, blood vessels, collagen and elastic fibres, glycosaminoglycans and wound contraction were performed on the scar tissue from different wounds e...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - December 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Rômulo D. Novaes, Reggiani V. Gonçalves, Marli C. Cupertino, Bruna M. Araújo, Rafael M. Rezende, Eliziária C. Santos, João Paulo V. Leite, Sérgio Luis P. Matta Tags: Original Article Source Type: research