International Journal of Experimental Pathology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Alendronate rescued osteoporotic phenotype in a model of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis in adult zebrafish scale
Summary Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid treatment in humans induce bone loss and increase the risk of fracture in the skeleton. The pathogenic mechanisms of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP) are still unclear. The GIOP and its effects have been reproduced in several animal models including Danio rerio (zebrafish) embryo. The treatment of adult fish with prednisolone (PN) has shown a dose‐dependent decrease of mineralized matrix in the scales. Large resorption lacunae are characterized by single TRAP‐positive cells which migrate to the margin of the scale merging into a multinucleated structures. The tr...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - December 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Sara Pasqualetti, Terenzio Congiu, Giuseppe Banfi, Massimo Mariotti Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Syndecans: from peripheral coreceptors to mainstream regulators of cell behaviour
Summary In the 25 years, as the first of the syndecan family was cloned, interest in these transmembrane proteoglycans has steadily increased. While four distinct members are present in mammals, one is present in invertebrates, including C. elegans that is such a powerful genetic model. The syndecans, therefore, have a long evolutionary history, indicative of important roles. However, these roles have been elusive. The knockout in the worm has a developmental neuronal phenotype, while knockouts of the syndecans in the mouse are mild and mostly limited to post‐natal rather than developmental effects. Moreover, their ass...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: John R. Couchman, Sandeep Gopal, Hooi Ching Lim, Steffen Nørgaard, Hinke A.B. Multhaupt Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Spleen tyrosine kinase contributes to acute renal allograft rejection in the rat
In conclusion, this study identifies a role for Syk in acute renal allograft rejection. Syk inhibition may be a useful addition to T‐cell‐based immunotherapy in renal transplantation. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Sharmila Ramessur Chandran, Greg H. Tesch, Yingjie Han, Naomi Woodman, William R. Mulley, John Kanellis, Kate Blease, Frank Y. Ma, David J. Nikolic‐Paterson Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Comparative experimental subcutaneous glanders and melioidosis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Summary Glanders and melioidosis are caused by two distinct Burkholderia species and have generally been considered to have similar disease progression. While both of these pathogens are HHS/CDC Tier 1 agents, natural infection with both these pathogens is primarily through skin inoculation. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) was used to compare disease following experimental subcutaneous challenge. Acute, lethal disease was observed in marmosets following challenge with between 26 and 1.2 × 108 cfu Burkholderia pseudomallei within 22–85 h. The reproducibility and progression of the disease were assessed follo...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Michelle Nelson, Francisco J. Salguero, Rachel E. Dean, Sarah A. Ngugi, Sophie J. Smither, Timothy P. Atkins, Mark S. Lever Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Diabetes increases pancreatitis induced systemic inflammation but has little effect on inflammation and cell death in the lung
In this study we explore, if diabetes also increases pancreatitis induced systemic inflammation and causes lung injury. Acute pancreatitis was induced in untreated and streptozotocin‐treated diabetic mice by injection of cerulein. Systemic inflammation was studied by IL‐6 ELISA in blood plasma and white blood cell count. Lung inflammation and lung injury were quantified by chloroacetate esterase staining, evaluation of the alveolar cellularity index and cleaved caspase‐3 immunohistochemistry. In normoglycaemic mice AP increased the IL‐6 concentration in plasma and caused lymphocytopenia. Diabetes significantly incr...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Dietmar Zechner, Marie Spitzner, Tassilo Müller‐Graff, Brigitte Vollmar Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

STAT3 paradoxically stimulates β‐catenin expression but inhibits β‐catenin function
Summary Wnt signalling and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) are oncogenic signalling pathways which are deregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we investigated the interaction of these two pathways. Firstly, we investigated biochemical interaction by inhibiting STAT3 and β‐catenin (through gene knock‐down and dominant‐negative TCF4 expression) in nine CRC cell lines. β‐catenin inhibition did not affect STAT3 levels, whereas STAT3 knock‐down resulted in reduced β‐catenin mRNA and protein levels. The reduction in β‐catenin protein was not prevented by proteasome inhibition...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Salih Ibrahem, Saleh Al‐Ghamdi, Kanwal Baloch, Belal Muhammad, Wakkas Fadhil, Darryl Jackson, Abdolrahman S. Nateri, Mohammad Ilyas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

What do mouse models of muscular dystrophy tell us about the DAPC and its components?
Summary There are over 30 mouse models with mutations or inactivations in the dystrophin‐associated protein complex. This complex is thought to play a crucial role in the functioning of muscle, as both a shock absorber and signalling centre, although its role in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy is not fully understood. The first mouse model of muscular dystrophy to be identified with a mutation in a component of the dystrophin‐associated complex (dystrophin) was the mdx mouse in 1984. Here, we evaluate the key characteristics of the mdx in comparison with other mouse mutants with inactivations in DAPC components,...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Charlotte Whitmore, Jennifer Morgan Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Melatonin potentiates the anti‐tumour effect of pravastatin in rat mammary gland carcinoma model
Summary Oncological research indicated a possible role of statins in the risk reduction of certain malignancies. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the chemopreventive effects of pravastatin alone and in combination with pineal hormone melatonin in the model of N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats. Pravastatin was administered dietary (100 mg/kg) and melatonin in a water solution (20 μg/ml). Chemoprevention began 7 days prior to carcinogen administration and subsequently continued 15 weeks until to autopsy. At autopsy, mammary tumours were removed and prepared for his...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 30, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Peter Orendáš, Peter Kubatka, Bianka Bojková, Monika Kassayová, Karol Kajo, Desanka Výbohová, Peter Kružliak, Martin Péč, Marián Adamkov, Andrea Kapinová, Katarína Adamicová, Vladimíra Sadloňová, Martina Chmelová, Nadežda Stollárová Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

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(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 26, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Long‐term dexamethasone treatment alters the histomorphology of acinar cells in rat parotid and submandibular glands
In conclusion, the long‐term administration of dexamethasone caused IR, which was associated with significant reductions in both mass and flux rate of the salivary glands. The parotid and submandibular glands exhibited reduced acinar cell volume; however, the submandibular glands displayed acinar hyperplasia, indicating a gland‐specific response to GCs. Our data emphasize that GC‐based therapies and insulin‐resistant states have a negative impact on salivary gland homeostasis. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 3, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Bruna B. Bighetti, Gerson F. Assis, Danilo C. Vieira, Natalia M. Violato, Tania M. Cestari, Rumio Taga, José R. Bosqueiro, Alex Rafacho Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Deletion of the α2A/α2C‐adrenoceptors accelerates cutaneous wound healing in mice
In conclusion, α2A/α2C‐adrenoceptor deletion accelerates cutaneous wound healing in mice. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - August 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Bruna Romana‐Souza, Adriana P. Nascimento, Patricia C. Brum, Andréa Monte‐Alto‐Costa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Peromyscus leucopus mice: a potential animal model for haematological studies
Summary Peromyscus leucopus mice share physical similarities with laboratory mice Mus musculus (MM) but have higher agility and longer lifespan. We compared domesticated P. leucopus linville (PLL) and M. musculus C57BL/6 (MMB6) mice for cellular composition of peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM) and spleen. PLL mice had significantly fewer platelets and significantly more monocytes in the blood, and notably fewer megakaryocytes in the BM. Spleens of PLL mice were significantly smaller, with 50% fewer cells and reduced ‘red pulp’. There was no obvious haematological change in PLL mice between 2–8 and 16–26 mo...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - August 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Yu Sun, Marie J. Desierto, Yasutaka Ueda, Sachiko Kajigaya, Jichun Chen, Neal S. Young Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Hepatitis mouse models: from acute‐to‐chronic autoimmune hepatitis
Summary Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease associated with interface hepatitis, raised plasma liver enzymes, the presence of autoantibodies and regulatory T‐cell (Tregs) dysfunction. The clinical course is heterogeneous, manifested by a fulminant or indolent course. Although genetic predisposition is well accepted, the combination with currently undefined environmental factors is crucial for the development of the disease. Progress in the development of reliable animal models provides added understanding of the pathophysiology of AIH, and these will be very useful in evaluating potential t...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - August 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Muhammed Yüksel, Debby Laukens, Femke Heindryckx, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Anja Geerts, F. Susan Wong, Li Wen, Isabelle Colle Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

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(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 10, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Destruction of the hepatocyte junction by intercellular invasion of Leptospira causes jaundice in a hamster model of Weil's disease
Summary Weil's disease, the most severe form of leptospirosis, is characterized by jaundice, haemorrhage and renal failure. The mechanisms of jaundice caused by pathogenic Leptospira remain unclear. We therefore aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by integrating histopathological changes with serum biochemical abnormalities during the development of jaundice in a hamster model of Weil's disease. In this work, we obtained three‐dimensional images of infected hamster livers using scanning electron microscope together with freeze‐cracking and cross‐cutting methods for sample preparation. The images displayed the corkscrew...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - June 19, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Satoshi Miyahara, Mitsumasa Saito, Takaaki Kanemaru, Sharon Y. A. M. Villanueva, Nina G. Gloriani, Shin‐ichi Yoshida Tags: Original Article Source Type: research