Irreversible thyroid disruption induced after subchronic exposure to hexachlorobenzene in male rats
Thyroid hormones play a complex role in the toxicity of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and related compounds. Time–course and dose–response experiments for free- and total thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) plasma levels for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid gland histomorphology were determined in male Wistar rats. Also, we examined the possible reversibility of changes noted after removal of HCB. Rats treated with this organochlorine compound resulted in a hypertrophy of the thyroid gland and altered thyroid function by decreasing significantly the levels of total- and free T4 in a dose-dependent m...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Chalouati, H., Gamet-Payrastre, L., Saad, M. B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Dose-dependent genotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles stimulated by reactive oxygen species in human lung epithelial cells
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are of great interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology because of their broad industrial and commercial applications. Therefore, toxicity of CuO NPs needs to be thoroughly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress induced by CuO NPs in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. CuO NPs were synthesized by solvothermal method and the size of NPs measured under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was found to be around 23 nm. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Akhtar, M. J., Kumar, S., Alhadlaq, H. A., Alrokayan, S. A., Abu-Salah, K. M., Ahamed, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Changes of c-Myc and DNMT1 mRNA and protein levels in the rat livers induced by dibutyl phthalate treatment
We investigated the relationship between dibutyl phthalate (DBP)-induced hypomethylation of the c-Myc promoter region (as evident in our early study) and the expression of c-Myc and DNMT1 genes (at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level) in the rat liver. Male Wistar rats received DBP in 1, 3, or 14 daily doses of 1800 mg kg–1 body weight. Levels of DNMT1, c-Myc mRNA, and proteins were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. Our findings indicate that DBP caused an increase in mRNA levels of c-Myc at all time points. The results showed that protein levels of c-Myc i...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Urbanek-Olejnik, K., Liszewska, M., Winczura, A., Kostka, G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
A probable role of blood lead levels on some haematological parameters in traffic police, Lahore, Pakistan
The impact of elevated blood lead level on some haematological parameters was studied in the field force of Lahore traffic police, in Pakistan. The blood samples were tested for total leucocytes count (TLC) and differential leucocytes count in the persons with high and low blood lead levels. The TLC and percentage of neutrophils and eosinophils were observed as being significantly elevated in the policemen. No significant change was observed in the percentage of lymphocytes, while the percentage of monocytes was observed as being significantly less in the field force of traffic police. (Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health)
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Khan, S. Y., Arshad, M., Arshad, N., Shafaat, S., Tahir, H. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema with involvement of the face and neck: A case report
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema (CIAE) is a cutaneous response to diverse chemotherapeutic drug administration. These drugs cause symmetrical and painful erythema of palmoplantar surfaces. Bulla formation, desquamation, and subsequent reepithelialization may occur. Commonly, the lesions slowly resolve over 7–15 days, through desquamation, followed by regeneration of the skin. Here, we described a case of CIAE, with involvement of face and neck in a patient treated for breast cancer using a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Face involvement in CIAE has not been previously reported in the literature. (Source: Toxi...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ozkol, H. U., Calka, O., Bulut, G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
The effect of di-n-butyl phthalate on testis and the potential protective effects of resveratrol
In conclusion, DBP (with increasing dose) administration caused cycle and hormonal changes in testis, resveratrol were recovered the cyclic changes but in hormonal changes, RSV is efficient too but inadequate. (Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health)
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ünal, S. G., Take, G., Erdogan, D., Göktas, G., Sahin, E. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Anti-inflammatory Montelukast prevents toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: Oxidative stress, histological alterations in liver, and serum cytokine levels
In conclusion, it was determined that TCDD exposure caused adverse effects on cytokine levels, histological alterations, and oxidative stress in rats. However, ML treatment partially eliminated toxic effects of TCDD. Thus, it was judged that coadministration of ML with TCDD may be useful to attenuate the negative effects of TCDD. (Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health)
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - April 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Bentli, R., Ciftci, O., Cetin, A., Otlu, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Therapeutic and protective effects of Caesalpinia gilliesii and Cajanus cajan proteins against acetaminophen overdose-induced renal damage
The present work aims to evaluate the protective and ameliorative effects of two plant-derived proteins obtained from the seeds of Cajanus cajan and Caesalpinia gilliesii (Leguminosae) against the toxic effects of acetaminophen in kidney after chronic dose through determination of certain biochemical markers including total urea, creatinine, and kidney marker enzyme, that is, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). In addition histopathological examination of intoxicated and treated kidney with both proteins was performed. The present results show a significant increase in serum total urea and creatinine, while s...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Aly, H. F., Rizk, M. Z., Abo-Elmatty, D. M., Desoky, M., Ibrahim, N., Younis, E. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Nystagmus following acute avermectins poisoning
Conclusions:
Acute avermectins poisoning-induced nystagmus may be affected due to the vestibular cerebellar system, but the exact mechanism and pharmacological basis is still worthy of further study. (Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health)
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Wenjie, W., Houqing, L., Ping, Z., Gengyun, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Antioxidant status and hormonal profile reflected by experimental feeding of probiotics
Excessive production of free radicals can result in tissue damage, which mainly involves generation of hydroxyl radical and other oxidants. Such free radical-induced cell damage appears to play a major role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Probiotics have been used therapeutically to modulate immunity, improve digestive processes, lower cholesterol, treat rheumatoid arthritis, and prevent cancer. The proposed research was designed to evaluate the changes in oxidative and antioxidative profile in addition to metabolic-related hormones of living animal model, which may generally affect the health status. Two groups of r...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ghoneim, M. A., Moselhy, S. S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Neuroprotective effect of ebselen against intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in rats
The goal of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of ebselen against intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in rat brain. A total of 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each: control, ICV-STZ, and ICV-STZ treated with ebselen. The ICV-STZ group rats were injected bilaterally with ICV-STZ (3 mg/kg) on days 1 and 3, and ebselen (10 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 days starting from 1st day of ICV-STZ injection to day 14. Rats were killed at the end of the study and brain tissues were removed for biochem...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Unsal, C., Oran, M., Albayrak, Y., Aktas, C., Erboga, M., Topcu, B., Uygur, R., Tulubas, F., Yanartas, O., Ates, O., Ozen, O. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
The antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of methanol extract of Cladonia foliacea (Huds.) Willd
In this article, the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of methanol extract of of Cladonia foliacea (Huds.) Willd. (CME) were studied using WP2, Ames (TA1535 and TA1537), and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test systems. The results of our studies showed that 5 µM concentration of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) changed the frequencies of SCE and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. When 5 and 10 µg/mL concentrations of CME was added to AFB1, the frequencies of SCE and MDA level were decreased and SOD, GSH, and GPx levels were increased. T...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Anar, M., Orhan, F., Alpsoy, L., Gulluce, M., Aslan, A., Agar, G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Effect of exposure to diazinon on adult rats brain
In conclusion, subacute oral administration of DZN did not alter lipid peroxidation. Moreover, apoptosis induction was not observed in rat brain. (Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health)
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Rashedinia, M., Hosseinzadeh, H., Imenshahidi, M., Lari, P., Razavi, B. M., Abnous, K. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Cytotoxic effect of chlorpyrifos ethyl and its degradation derivatives by Pseudomonas peli strain isolated from the Oued Hamdoun River (Tunisia)
A bacterium was isolated from the river of Oued Hamdoun (Tunisia), and its phenotypic features, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequence revealed it as Pseudomonas peli (P. peli). Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CP) was used as the sole source of carbon and energy by P. peli, and it was cometabolised in the presence of glucose. CP was completely degraded by P. peli after 96 h of shake incubation. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that the biodegradation kinetics was not affected by the addition of glucose into the culture medium. In the present stu...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Dellai, A., Dridi, D., Sakouhi, S., Robert, J., Djelal, H., Mosrati, R., Cherif, A., Mansour, H. B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Protective effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Lawsonia inermis fruits extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative damage in rat liver
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties of different fractions obtained from the fruits of Lawsonia inermis, a widely used medicinal plant, against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress in rat liver. The results show that several fractions obtained from L. inermis fruits possessed important antioxidant activity. Among them, the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity. Then, EA fraction was selected for the purification of potential antioxidant compounds. The hepatoprotective effects of EA fraction and its most active constituent, gallic acid (GA), were evaluated...
Source: Toxicology and Industrial Health - March 30, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Hsouna, A. B., Mongi, S., Culioli, G., Blache, Y., Ghlissi, Z., Chaabane, R., El Feki, A., Jaoua, S., Trigui, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
