1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 prevents deleterious effects of homocysteine on mitochondrial function and redox status in heart slices
Since homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and vitamin D deficiency can contribute to cardiovascular pathologies, in the present study we tested the hypothesis that Hcy could impair energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and redox status in heart slices of Wistar rats and that 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 (calcitriol) treatment could prevent such effects. Heart slices were first pretreated with three different concentrations of calcitriol (50nM, 100nM and 250nM) for 30min at 37 °C, after which Hcy was added to promote deleterious effects on metabolism. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 28, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Aline Longoni, Janaina Kolling, Cassiana Siebert, Jo ão Paulo dos Santos, Jussemara Souza da Silva, Letícia F. Pettenuzzo, Leo Anderson Meira-Martins, Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves, Adriano M de Assis, Angela TS Wyse Source Type: research
Elevated systolic blood pressure of children in the United States is associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations related to body mass index: NHANES 2007 to 20101,2
A negative association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamn D [25(OH)D] concentrations and blood pressure has been found in adults; whether a similar relationship exists in children remains unclear. We hypothesized that serum 25(OH)D concentrations of children would negatively correlate with blood pressure. Using a nationally representative sample of children age 8 –18years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2010 (n=2908), we compared serum 25(OH)D levels with diastolic and systolic blood pressure by vitamin D nutritional status categories. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 28, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Carolyn E. Moore, Yan Liu Source Type: research
Whey protein hydrolysate and branched-chain amino acids downregulate inflammation-related genes in vascular endothelial cells
In this study, we hypothesized that whey proteins may have a greater anti-inflammatory effect than caseins. A model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), with or without TNF- α stimulation, was used in order to investigate the effect of several dairy protein compounds on inflammation. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 22, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Marine S Da Silva, Cyril Bigo, Olivier Barbier, Iwona Rudkowska Source Type: research
High serum copper level is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia in Asians: a meta-analysis
Epidemiological studies evaluating the association between serum copper and ratios of Cu/Zn ratios and the preeclampsia (PE) risk in Asian population have produced inconsistent results. Therefore we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the relationships. We hypothesize that higher serum copper and ratios of Cu/Zn may increase the PE risk. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP (Database of Chinese Scientific and Technical Periodicals) and Wangfang databases for relevant studies up to November 2016. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 22, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xingxing Song, Bingrong Li, Zongyao Li, Jiantao Wang, Dongfeng Zhang Source Type: research
A posteriori healthy dietary patterns may decrease the risk of central obesity: Findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis
Central obesity is a pivotal component of metabolic syndrome and several studies have investigated the association of dietary patterns and central obesity. However, findings of studies are inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to conduct the present study to summarize the available data regarding the association of a posteriori dietary patterns and central obesity in adults to test the hypothesis whether a highly healthy dietary pattern is associated with decreased risk of central obesity. We searched all published English studies to identify related articles in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases up to December, 2015...
Source: Nutrition Research - January 22, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Farzaneh Rezagholizadeh, Kurosh Djafarian, Samaneh Khosravi, Sakineh Shab-Bidar Source Type: research
Obesity is a concern for bone health with aging
Accumulating evidence supports a complex relationship between adiposity and osteoporosis in overweight/obese individuals, with local interactions and endocrine regulation by adipose tissue on bone metabolism and fracture risk in elderly populations. This review was conducted to summarize existing evidence to test the hypothesis that obesity is a risk factor for bone health in aging individuals. Mechanisms by which obesity adversely affects bone health are believed to be multiple, such as an alteration of bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocannabinoid system, that affect bone cell metabolism a...
Source: Nutrition Research - January 16, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sue A. Shapses, L. Claudia Pop, Yang Wang Source Type: research
Dihydromyricetin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells through down-regulation of the Akt/Bad pathway
This study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of action of DHM. In the study, DHM down-regulated Akt expression and its phosphorylation at Ser473, up-regulated the levels of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad, and inhibited the phosphorylation of Bad at Ser136 and Ser112. It also inhibited the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and enhanced the cleavage and activation of Caspase-3 as well as the degradation of its downstream target PARP. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 16, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Zhuangwei Zhang, Huiqin Zhang, Shiyong Chen, Yan Xu, Anjun Yao, Qi Liao, Liyuan Han, Zuquan Zou, Xiaohong Zhang Source Type: research
Intraduodenal infusion of cyanidin-3-glucoside transiently promotes triglyceride excretion into bile in rats
Flavonoids purportedly have a role in improving lipid metabolism. In our preliminary study, highly concentrated flavonoid metabolites appeared in bile juice in rats, which also contains various lipids. Biliary flavonoid metabolites generally have amphiphilic properties, may influence lipid solubility, and possibly contribute to the improvement of dyslipidemia. However, the influence of biliary flavonoid metabolites on the biliary lipid profile is not well known. Therefore, we hypothesized that the amphiphilic property of biliary flavonoid metabolites alters biliary lipid profiles. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Naoto Hashimoto, Kyu-Ho Han, Michihiro Fukushima Source Type: research
Protein and exercise in the prevention of sarcopenia and aging
Aging is associated with a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength. The decline, known as sarcopenia, could lead to physical disability, poor quality of life, and death. Additionally, the older population usually experiences age-related muscle changes that affect muscle mass, muscular strength and functional abilities. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of protein and exercise in slowing the progression of sarcopenia. It will also discuss whether age-related changes can be attenuated by dietary protein and exercise in the older population. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - January 13, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Manal A. Naseeb, Stella L. Volpe Tags: Review Source Type: research
Dietary phosphorus intake is negatively associated with bone formation among women and positively associated with some bone traits among men —a cross-sectional study in middle-aged Caucasians
High dietary phosphorus (P) intake has acute negative effects on calcium (Ca) and bone metabolism, but long-term clinical data are contradictory. We hypothesized that high P intake is associated with impaired bone health as suggested by earlier short-term studies on bone metabolism. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations between dietary P intake, bone traits in the radius and tibia, and bone turnover in a population-based sample of 37- to 47-year-old Caucasian premenopausal women (n=333) and men (n=179) living in Southern Finland (60 °N). (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Suvi T. Itkonen, Hannu J. Rita, Elisa M. Saarnio, Virpi E. Kemi, Heini J. Karp, Merja U.M. K ärkkäinen, Minna H. Pekkinen, E. Kalevi Laitinen, Juha Risteli, Marja-Kaisa Koivula, Harri Sievänen, Christel J.E. Lamberg-Allardt Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Dietary phosphorus intake is negatively associated with bone formation among females and positively associated with some bone traits among males – a cross-sectional study in middle-aged Caucasians
High dietary phosphorus (P) intake has acute negative effects on calcium (Ca) and bone metabolism, but long-term clinical data are contradictory. We hypothesized that high P intake is associated with impaired bone health as suggested by earlier short-term studies on bone metabolism. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations between dietary P intake, bone traits in the radius and tibia, and bone turnover in a population-based sample of 37- to 47-year-old Caucasian premenopausal females (n=333) and males (n=179) living in Southern Finland (60 °N). (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Suvi T Itkonen, Hannu J Rita, Elisa M Saarnio, Virpi E Kemi, Heini J Karp, Merja UM K ärkkäinen, Minna H Pekkinen, E Kalevi Laitinen, Juha Risteli, Marja-Kaisa Koivula, Harri Sievänen, Christel JE Lamberg-Allardt Source Type: research
Dietary corn fractions reduce atherogenesis in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice
In this study, we hypothesized that adequate intake of corn fractions (aleurone, endosperm and germ) can modify lipid profiles in relation to atherosclerotic lesion development in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr-KO) mice. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential cardiovascular benefits of corn fractions in LDLr-KO mice through a number biomarkers including lipid profile, and morphological and morphometrical analysis of atherosclerotic lesions in aortic root. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 20, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kabo Masisi, Khuong Le, Nora Ghazzawi, Mohammed H. Moghadasian, Trust Beta Source Type: research
Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during pregnancy as phospholipids did not improve the incorporation of this fatty acid into rat fetal brain compared to the triglyceride form
Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supply is important to ensure an adequate infant neurodevelopment. Several fat supplements with DHA under different chemical structures are available. There is an increased placental phospholipase activity at the end of pregnancy. The hypothesis of this study was to discern whether DHA consumption during pregnancy as phospholipids (PL) could be more available for placental DHA uptake and fetal accretion than triglycerides (TG) form. We aimed to evaluate materno-fetal DHA status in pregnant rats fed with DHA as PL from egg yolk or TG from algae oil, in order to determine which source migh...
Source: Nutrition Research - December 14, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Antonio G ázquez, Inmaculada Hernández-Albaladejo, Elvira Larqué Source Type: research
Aronia berry polyphenol consumption reduces plasma total and LDL cholesterol in former smokers without lowering biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: a randomized controlled trial
Former smokers are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that dietary aronia polyphenols would reduce biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk, inflammation, and oxidative stress in former smokers. We also determined the extent these effects were associated with polyphenol bioavailability. A 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 49 healthy adult former smokers (n=24/placebo, n=25/aronia) to evaluate if daily consumption of 500 mg aronia extract modulated plasma lipids, blood pressure, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and lipid transport genes of peripheral bl...
Source: Nutrition Research - December 9, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Liyang Xie, Terrence Vance, Bohkyung Kim, Sang Gil Lee, Christian Caceres, Ying Wang, Ji-Young Lee, Ock K. Chun, Bradley W. Bolling Source Type: research
Low-molecular fraction of wheat protein hydrolysate stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in an enteroendocrine L cell line and improves glucose tolerance in rats
In this study, we investigated whether wheat protein hydrolysate stimulates GLP-1 secretion and its molecular mechanism in an enteroendocrine L cell line (GLUTag cells), and we examined the effect on glucose tolerance via stimulation of GLP-1 secretion followed by induction of insulin secretion in rats. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 7, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Masaki Kato, Takenori Nakanishi, Tsubasa Tani, Takanori Tsuda Source Type: research
