The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim) Harms improves insulin resistance and hepatic lipid accumulation by modulation of liver AMP-activated protein kinase activity and lipogenic gene expression in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice
Obesity-associated insulin resistance is a major risk factor for most metabolic diseases, including dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim) Harms (Goka) root has been used in traditional Chinese Medicine for treatment of diabetes and other conditions; however, little is known about the effects of Goka fruit (GF). GF is rich in anthocyanin, which has beneficial effects on obesity and insulin resistance via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We hypothesized that GF can improve obesity-associated insulin resistance. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 12, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tetsuo Saito, Miyako Nishida, Masafumi Saito, Akari Tanabe, Takahiro Eitsuka, Shi-Hua Yuan, Nobuo Ikekawa, Hiroshi Nishida Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid is negatively associated with all-cause mortality among men and women in a population-based prospective study
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have anti-inflammatory properties while omega-6 PUFAs appear to have pro-inflammatory properties. We aimed to assess plasma omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA status in relation to all-cause mortality in an Australian community-based study. We hypothesized that omega-3 PUFA would be inversely associated, and omega-6 PUFA positively associated with all-cause mortality. Plasma phospholipid omega-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoeic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid, α-linolenic acid, and total) and omega-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and total) were measured among 100...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 12, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kyoko Miura, Maria Celia B. Hughes, Jacobus P.J. Ungerer, Ad èle C. Green Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Younger and older ages and obesity are associated with energy intake underreporting but not overreporting in Japanese boys and girls aged 1-19 years: the National Health and Nutrition Survey
Evidence on the magnitude and nature of misreporting of food intake in non-Western children and adolescents is sparse. We investigated the hypothesis that under- and overreporting of energy intake (EI) is prevalent and associated with some characteristics in 3866 Japanese boys and girls aged 1-19 years using data from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. Each individual's EI was calculated based on a 1-day semiweighed household dietary record, including information on approximate proportions by which each dish was divided among the family members. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 11, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kentaro Murakami, M. Barbara E. Livingstone, Hitomi Okubo, Satoshi Sasaki Source Type: research
Younger and older ages and obesity are associated with energy intake under-reporting but not over-reporting in Japanese boys and girls aged 1 –19 years: the National Health and Nutrition Survey
Evidence on the magnitude and nature of misreporting of food intake in non-Western children and adolescents is sparse. We investigated the hypothesis that under- and over-reporting of energy intake (EI) is prevalent and associated with some characteristics in 3866 Japanese boys and girls aged 1 –19 y, using data from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan (NHNSJ). Each individual's EI was calculated based on a 1-d semi-weighed household dietary record, including information on approximate proportions by which each dish was divided among the family members. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 11, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kentaro Murakami, M. Barbara E. Livingstone, Hitomi Okubo, Satoshi Sasaki Source Type: research
Temporal trends in dietary supplement prescriptions of United States military service members suggest a decrease in pyridoxine and increase in vitamin D supplements from 2005 –2013
Dietary supplements (DSs) can be obtained over-the-counter but can also be prescribed by health-care providers for therapeutic reasons. Few studies have documented this later source despite the fact that 79% of physicians and 82% of nurses have recommended DSs to patients. This investigation assessed prevalence and temporal trends in oral DS prescriptions filled by all United States service members (SMs) from 2005 to 2013 (n=1 427 080 ±22 139, mean±standard deviation (SD)/yr). We hypothesize that there would be temporal variations in specific types of DSs. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 2, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Joseph J. Knapik, Rosenie Thelus, Krista G. Austin, Ryan A. Steelman, Julia Gannon, Emily K. Farina, Harris R. Lieberman Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Whey protein increases muscle weight gain through inhibition of oxidative effects induced by resistance exercise in rats
Whey protein (WP) is known for its nutritional value and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the antioxidant properties of WP could contribute to muscle weight gain in response to resistance exercise (RE). We hypothesized that WP ingestion could increase muscle weight gain in rats subjected to an RE program through inhibition of oxidative effects induced by high-intensity RE. Thirty-two male Fischer rats were randomly assigned to control sedentary, control exercised, WP sedentary, and WP exercised groups (n=8/group). (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - August 20, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kely R. Teixeira, Marcelo E. Silva, Wanderson G. de Lima, Maria L. Pedrosa, Fabiano K. Haraguchi Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Nutrient Restriction of Glucose or Serum Results in Similar Proteomic Expression Changes in 3D Colon Cancer Cell Cultures
Nutrient restriction, also known as caloric restriction, has been extensively examined for its positive impact on lifespan, immune system boost, and aging. In addition, nutrient restriction is implicated in decreasing cancer initiation and progression. Given the phenotypic changes associated with nutrient restriction, we hypothesized significant protein expression alterations must be associated with caloric restriction. To compare the molecular and phenotypic changes caused by glucose restriction and fetal bovine serum (FBS) restriction there is need for an efficient model system. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - August 13, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Monica M. Schroll, Xin Liu, Sarah K. Herzog, Susan B. Skube, Amanda B. Hummon Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Gestational food restriction decreases placental interleukin-10 expression and markers of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in murine intrauterine growth restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects up to 10% of pregnancies and often results in short- and long-term sequelae for offspring. The mechanisms underlying IUGR are poorly understood, but it is known that healthy placentation is essential for nutrient provision to fuel fetal growth, and is regulated by immunologic inputs. We hypothesized that in pregnancy, maternal food restriction (FR) resulting in IUGR would decrease the overall immunotolerant milieu in the placenta, leading to increased cellular stress and death. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - August 4, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Alison Chu, Shanthie Thamotharan, Amit Ganguly, Madhuri Wadehra, Matteo Pellegrini, Sherin U. Devaskar Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Gestational food restriction decreases placental IL10 expression and markers of autophagy and ER stress in murine intrauterine growth restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects up to 10% of pregnancies and often results in short- and long- term sequelae for offspring. The mechanisms underlying IUGR are poorly understood, but it is known that healthy placentation is essential for nutrient provision to fuel fetal growth, and is regulated by immunologic inputs. We hypothesized that in pregnancy, maternal food restriction (FR) resulting in IUGR would decrease the overall immunotolerant milieu in the placenta, leading to increased cellular stress and death. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - August 4, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Alison Chu, Shanthie Thamotharan, Amit Ganguly, Madhuri Wadehra, Matteo Pellegrini, Sherin U. Devaskar Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Low daily dose of 3 mg monacolin K from RYR reduces the concentration of LDL-C in a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention
Hypercholesterolemia and elevated homocysteine concentrations are associated with cardiovascular risk. Previous studies have demonstrated a cholesterol-lowering effect of red yeast rice (RYR) supplements which contained 5 to 10 mg of monacolin K. We hypothesized that the intake of a low monacolin K dose may likewise reduce low-density lipoprotein –cholesterol (LDL-C) and other plasma lipids. In secondary analyses, we tested the homocysteine lowering effect of folic acid, which was also included in the study preparation. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tina Heinz, Jan Philipp Schuchardt, Katharina M öller, Peyman Hadji, Andreas Hahn Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of monacolin K from red yeast rice extract – results of a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study
Hypercholesterolemia and elevated homocysteine concentrations are associated with cardiovascular risk. Previous studies have demonstrated a cholesterol-lowering effect of red yeast rice (RYR) supplements which contained 5 to 10mg of monacolin K. We hypothesized that the intake of a low monacolin K dose may likewise reduce low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and other plasma lipids. In secondary analyses we tested the homocysteine lowering effect of folic acid, what was also included in the study preparation. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tina Heinz, Jan Philipp Schuchardt, Katharina M öller, Peyman Hadji, Andreas Hahn Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Vitamin D supplementation reduces insulin resistance in Japanese adults: a secondary analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation for 1 year on insulin resistance; the study was a secondary analysis of a clinical trial. We hypothesized that increased 25(OH)D concentration after vitamin D supplementation for 1 year would significantly improve insulin resistance. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xiaomin Sun, Zhen-Bo Cao, Kumpei Tanisawa, Tomoko Ito, Satomi Oshima, Mitsuru Higuchi Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
White sesame seed water-soluble fraction enhances human neuroblast cell viability via an anti-apoptotic mechanism
In this study, we hypothesized that WS-wsf and GS-wsf may have neuroprotective effects due to their antioxidant potential. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sana Ben Othman, Nakako Katsuno, Akemi Kitayama, Makoto Fujimura, Kohji Kitaguchi, Tomio Yabe Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Defatted safflower seed extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and improves lipid profiles in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet
In the present study, we hypothesized that defatted safflower seed which is known to be rich in polyphenols might influence adipogenesis and obesity-related disorders, and therefore the anti-adipogenic and hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract from defatted safflower (Cathamus tinctorius L.) seeds (CSE) were investigated both in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet. CSE inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreased expression of the adipogenic transcription factors, SREBP1c and PPAR γ, and their target genes. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eun-Young Hwang, Mi-Hee Yu, Yeon-Seop Jung, Sam-Pin Lee, Jin Han Shon, Syng-Ook Lee Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Defatted safflower seed extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes and improves lipid profiles in C57BL/6 J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet
In the present study, we hypothesized that defatted safflower seed which is known to be rich in polyphenols might influence adipogenesis and obesity-related disorders, and therefore the anti-adipogenic and hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract from defatted safflower (Cathamus tinctorius L.) seeds (CSE) were investigated both in cultured 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes and in C57BL/6 J ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet. CSE inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreased expression of the adipogenic transcription factors, SREBP1c and PPAR γ, and their target genes. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eun-Young Hwang, Mi-Hee Yu, Yeon-Seop Jung, Sam-Pin Lee, Jin Han Shon, Syng-Ook Lee Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
