Coffee consumption prevents fibrosis in a rat model that mimics secondary biliary cirrhosis in humans
Investigations demonstrated that oxidative stress plays an important role in injury promotion in cholestatic liver disease. We hypothesized that coffee attenuates cholestasis-induced hepatic necrosis and fibrosis via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. The major aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective properties of coffee and caffeine in a model of chronic bile duct ligation (BDL) in male Wistar rats. Liver injury was induced by 28-day BDL, and conventional coffee, decaffeinated coffee or caffeine were administered daily. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - March 14, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jonathan Arauz, Natanael Zarco, Erika Hern ández-Aquino, Marina Galicia-Moreno, Liliana Favari, José Segovia, Pablo Muriel Source Type: research
Nicotinamide protects hepatocytes against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity via SIRT1-dependent autophagy induction
Lipotoxicity induced by saturated fatty acids (SFAs) plays a pathological role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the exact mechanism remains to be clearly elucidated. Palmitate is the most abundant SFA in the circulation and major lipotoxic inducer. Accumulating evidence supports that autophagy induction is protective against palmitate-induced cell death in a variety of cell types, including hepatocytes. Nicotinamide is the amide form of nicotinic acid (vitamin B3, Niacin) and a dietary supplementation as a source of vitamin B3. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - March 12, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chen Shen, Xiaobing Dou, Yue Ma, Wang Ma, Songtao Li, Zhenyuan Song Source Type: research
Increased cytokine production by monocytes from human subjects who consumed grape powder was not mediated by differences in dietary intake patterns
Recently, in a randomized, double-blind cross-over study, we reported that consumption of grape powder by obese human subjects increased the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 β and interleukin-6 by peripheral blood monocytes after ex vivo-stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to the placebo treatment. We hypothesized that dietary grape powder increased the production of these cytokines by stimulated monocytes. To test this hypothesis, we used 24h dietary recall data to determine if differences in dietary patterns played a role in increased cytokine production. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - March 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Susan J. Zunino, Nancy L. Keim, Darshan S. Kelley, Ellen L. Bonnel, Elaine C. Souza, Janet M. Peerson Source Type: research
Acute dark chocolate ingestion is beneficial for hemodynamics via enhancement of erythrocyte deformability in healthy humans
Erythrocyte deformability is an important property of erythrocytes that considerably affects blood flow and hemodynamics. The high content of polyphenols present in dark chocolate has been reported to play a protective role in functionality of erythrocytes. We hypothesized that chocolate might influence erythrocytes not only after repeated chronic intake, but also immediately after its ingestion. Thus, we determined the acute effect of dark chocolate and milk (with lower content of biologically active substances) chocolate intake on erythrocyte deformability. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - March 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jana Radosinska, Martina Horvathova, Karel Frimmel, Jana Muchova, Maria Vidosovicova, Rastislav Vazan, Iveta Bernatova Source Type: research
Tea consumption may decrease the risk of osteoporosis: An updated meta-analysis of observational studies
Several epidemiological investigations have evaluated the correlation between tea consumption and risk of osteoporosis, but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted an updated meta-analysis of observational studies to assess this association. We searched for all relevant studies including cohort, cross-sectional, and case –control studies published from database inception to July 15, 2016, using MEDLINE EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Polled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the random-effect model. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - March 2, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ming Guo, Hua Qu, Lin Xu, Da-zhuo Shi Source Type: research
Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect the Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension – A One-Year Follow-Up Study
Marine long-chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recognized for their cardio-protective effects, including potential lowering of blood pressure. We hypothesized that higher habitual fish intake and n-3 PUFA plasma levels were associated with lower blood pressure and being less likely to receive antihypertensive medication after one-year follow-up. In this prospective study of 115 patients, we assessed 24 h ambulatory and central blood pressure, plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition using gas chromatography and participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, including fish-eating habits. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 27, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Carina N Bagge, Charlotte Strandhave, Charlotte M Skov, My Svensson, Erik B Schmidt, Jeppe H Christensen Source Type: research
Quality of systematic reviews of the foods with function claims registered at the Consumer Affairs Agency website in Japan: a prospective systematic review
The objective of this review was to assess the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) based on the Foods with Function Claims (FFC) registered at the Consumer Affairs Agency (CAA) website in Japan by AMSTAR checklist. Study design was a prospective SR of SRs based on the FFC registered at the CAA website in Japan. We searched the database from 1 April 2015 (starting date) through 27 October 2015 on the CAA website. A full quality appraisal of identified papers was made using the combined tool based on the AMSTAR checklist developed to assess the methodological quality of SRs. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 19, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hiroharu Kamioka, Kiichiro Tsutani, Hideki Origasa, Takahiro Yoshizaki, Jun Kitayuguchi, Mikiko Shimada, Wentao Tang, Hiromi Takano-Ohmuro Source Type: research
Dietary psyllium fiber increases intestinal heat shock protein 25 expression in mice
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) protect intestinal epithelial cell function, integrity and viability against many forms of stress. We hypothesized that dietary fibers (DFs) in the diet may increase HSP expression, since DFs are known to exhibit beneficial effects on intestinal health. The present study investigated the regulation of intestinal HSP expression by DFs, particularly psyllium fiber. Feeding psyllium fiber for 5 d increased HSP25 expression, but not HSP32 and HSP70 expression in the jejunum, ileum, and colon of mice at both the protein and mRNA levels. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Miyuki Ogata, Tran Van Hung, Hiroyuki Tari, Teruaki Arakawa, Takuya Suzuki Source Type: research
Mice with infectious colitis exhibit linear growth failure and subsequent catch-up growth related to systemic inflammation and IGF-1
In developing communities, intestinal infection is associated with poor weight gain and linear-growth failure. Prior translational animal models have focused on weight gain investigations into key contributors to linear growth failure have been lacking. We hypothesized that murine intestinal infection with Citrobacter-rodentium would induce linear-growth failure associated with systemic inflammation and suppressed serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). We evaluated 4 groups of mice infected or sham-infected on day-of-life 28: uninfected-controls, wild-type C.-rodentium-infected, partially-attenuated C. (Sour...
Source: Nutrition Research - February 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mark D. DeBoer, Vidhya Vijayakumar, Meiqing Gong, John L. Fowlkes, Rachel M. Smith, Fernando Ruiz-Perez, James P. Nataro Source Type: research
Increased naive CD4+ and B lymphocyte subsets are associated with body mass loss and drive relative lymphocytosis in anorexia nervosa patients
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an atypical form of malnutrition with peculiar changes in the immune system. We hypothesized that different lymphocyte subsets are differentially affected by malnutrition in AN, and thus, our aim was to investigate the influence of body mass loss on the variability of lymphocyte subsets in AN patients. A group of 66 adolescent female patients, aged 12-17 years, referred for their first episode of either AN or feeding or eating disorders not elsewhere classified were studied upon admission (46 AN-restricting subtype, 11 AN-binge/purging subtype, and 9 feeding or eating disorders not elsewhere classi...
Source: Nutrition Research - February 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ana Elegido, Montserrat Graell, Patricia Andr és, Alina Gheorghe, Ascensión Marcos, Esther Nova Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Increased na ïve CD4+ and B lymphocyte subsets are associated with body mass loss drive relative lymphocytosis in anorexia nervosa patients
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an atypical form of malnutrition with peculiar changes in the immune system. We hypothesized that different lymphocyte subsets are differentially affected by malnutrition in AN and thus, our aim was to investigate the influence of body mass loss on the variability of lymphocyte subsets in AN patients. A group of 66 adolescent female patients, aged 12 –17years referred for their first episode of either AN or Feeding or Eating Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified (FED-NEC) were studied upon admission (46 AN-restricting subtype [ANR], 11 AN-binge/purging subtype [ANP] and 9 FED-NEC). (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 5, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ana Elegido, Montserrat Graell, Patricia Andr és, Alina Gheorghe, Ascensión Marcos, Esther Nova Source Type: research
Use of a novel docosahexaenoic acid formulation vs control in a neonatal porcine model of short bowel syndrome leads to greater intestinal absorption and higher systemic levels of DHA
The objective of this study was to evaluate in a porcine model of SBS, the systemic absorption of a novel enteral Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) formulation that forms micelles independent of bile salts (DHA-ALT ®). We hypothesized that enteral delivery of DHA-ALT® would result in higher blood levels of DHA compared to a control DHA preparation due to improved intestinal absorption. SBS was induced in term piglets through a 75% mid-jejunoileal resection and the piglets randomized to either DHA-ALT® or co ntrol DHA formulation (N=5 per group) for 4 postoperative days. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 4, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Camilia R. Martin, Barbara Stoll, Joanne Cluette-Brown, Adesola C. Akinkuotu, Oluyinka O. Olutoye, Kathleen M. Gura, Pratibha Singh, Munir M. Zaman, Michael C. Perillo, Mark Puder, Steven D. Freedman, Doug Burrin Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Use of a novel docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) formulation versus control in a neonatal porcine model of short bowel syndrome leads to greater intestinal absorption and higher systemic levels of DHA
The objective of this study was to evaluate in a porcine model of SBS, the systemic absorption of a novel enteral Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) formulation that forms micelles independent of bile salts (DHA-ALT ®). We hypothesized that enteral delivery of DHA-ALT® would result in higher blood levels of DHA compared to a control DHA preparation due to improved intestinal absorption. SBS was induced in term piglets through a 75% mid-jejunoileal resection and the piglets randomized to either DHA-ALT® or co ntrol DHA formulation (N=5 per group) for 4 postoperative days. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 3, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Camilia R. Martin, Barbara Stoll, Joanne Cluette-Brown, Adesola C. Akinkuotu, Oluyinka O. Olutoye, Kathleen M. Gura, Pratibha Singh, Munir M. Zaman, Michael C. Perillo, Mark Puder, Steven D. Freedman, Doug Burrin Source Type: research
Post-prandial systemic 8-isoprostane increases after consumption of moderate and high-fat meals in insufficiently active males
A single high-fat meal (HFM) leads to an increase in triglycerides and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can be assessed via 8-isoprostane generation, which is associated with the development of asthma and cardiovascular disease. No previous research has investigated whether airway and systemic 8-isoprostane increases post-prandially in non-asthmatics according to a meals' caloric and fat content. Our purpose was to assess airway and systemic 8-isoprostane following a HFM and a true-to-life moderate-fat meal (MFM). (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 3, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: S.P. Kurti, S.R. Emerson, S.K. Rosenkranz, C.S. Teeman, E.M. Emerson, B.J. Cull, J.R. Smith, C.A. Harms Source Type: research
Nutritional modulation of age-related changes in the immune system and risk of infection
The immune system undergoes some adverse alterations during aging, many of which have been implicated in the increased morbidity and mortality associated with infection in the elderly. In addition to intrinsic changes to the immune system with aging, the elderly are more likely to have poor nutritional status, which further impacts the already impaired immune function. While the elderly often have low zinc serum levels, several manifestations commonly observed during zinc deficiency are similar to the changes in immune function with aging. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - February 3, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Munkyong Pae, Dayong Wu Source Type: research
