Low molecular fraction of wheat protein hydrolysate stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in an enteroendocrine L cell line and improves glucose tolerance in rats
In this study, we investigated whether wheat protein hydrolysate stimulates GLP-1 secretion and its molecular mechanism in an enteroendocrine L cell line (GLUTag cells), and we examined the effect on glucose tolerance via stimulation of GLP-1 secretion followed by induction of insulin secretion in rats. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 7, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Masaki Kato, Takenori Nakanishi, Tsubasa Tani, Takanori Tsuda Source Type: research
A meta-analysis of randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trials suggests that coenzyme Q10 at low dose improves glucose and HbA1c levels
The influence of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on blood glucose (BGL) and HbA1c (HL) levels has been previously investigated; however, the results are inconsistent. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine if CoQ10 could affect BGL and HL levels based on the existing evidence. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for randomized clinical trials from September 1, 1956 to March 01, 2016. In order to calculate pooled overall effects, a random effect model was used. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 6, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Marko Stojanovi ć, Miroslav Radenković Source Type: research
The reduced/oxidized state of plasma albumin is modulated by dietary protein intake partly via albumin synthesis rate in rats
The reduced/oxidized state of plasma albumin is influenced by many factors, including chronic diseases and strenuous training. Recently, the reduced/oxidized state has also been shown to be associated with dietary protein and energy intakes in rats. We hypothesized that dietary protein intake may modulate the reduced/oxidized state of plasma albumin by altering the rate of albumin synthesis, and that the reduced/oxidized state could therefore serve as a novel marker of protein under-nutrition. We tested this hypothesis by examining male growing rats placed on a low-protein or energy-restriction diet. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 6, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Yasuaki Wada, Yoshiyasu Sato, Keisuke Miyazaki, Yasuhiro Takeda, Masashi Kuwahata Source Type: research
A systematic review of the interrelation between diet- and surgery-induced weight loss and vitamin D status
Obesity is a major global health problem and has been associated with vitamin D deficiency. Intentional weight loss may alter vitamin D status and, conversely, vitamin D supplementation has been hypothesized to aid in weight loss. A systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline identified 3173 articles of which 37 studies (randomized controlled trials (RCT) (n=17), non-RCTs (n=20)) are summarized as effect of: (I) diet-induced weight loss on vitamin D status (n=7), (II) vitamin D supplementation on diet-induced weight loss (n=11), (III) surgery-induced weight loss on vitamin D status (n=15), and (IV) vitamin D supplementa...
Source: Nutrition Research - December 6, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Caroline Himbert, Jennifer Ose, Mahmoud Delphan, Cornelia M. Ulrich Tags: Review Source Type: research
Prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency in individuals with medically complicated obesity
We described an 18% prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass surgery. Our hypotheses are that individuals with medically complicated obesity frequently have clinical thiamine deficiency and that diabetes mellitus is a mechanism for development of clinical thiamine deficiency. This is a single institution, retrospective observational study of consecutive patients with a body mass index of at least 35 kg/m2 who were evaluated in preoperative gastrointestinal bariatric clinic from 2013 to 2015. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 1, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anand Nath, Tung Tran, Timothy R. Shope, Timothy R. Koch Source Type: research
Prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency in individuals with medically-complicated obesity
We described an 18% prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass surgery. Our hypotheses are that individuals with medically-complicated obesity frequently have clinical thiamine deficiency and that diabetes mellitus is a mechanism for development of clinical thiamine deficiency. This is a single institution, retrospective observational study of consecutive patients with a body mass index ≥35 kg/m2 who were evaluated in preoperative gastrointestinal bariatric clinic from 2013 to 2015. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - December 1, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anand Nath, Tung Tran, Timothy R. Shope, Timothy R. Koch Source Type: research
Rate of eating in early life is positively associated with current and later body mass index among young Japanese children: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study
The possible effect of eating rate on promoting obesity has attracted considerable attention among various age groups, but little is known about these associations in an early stage of life. We investigated the hypothesis that eating rate in early childhood influences current and later body mass index (BMI) among young Japanese children. The study participants were 492 Japanese mother-child pairs from a prospective birth cohort study. Information on rate of eating (slow, medium, or fast), macronutrient intake (protein, fat, and carbohydrate), and dietary fiber intake were collected from the mothers using a diet history que...
Source: Nutrition Research - November 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hitomi Okubo, Yoshihiro Miyake, Satoshi Sasaki, Keiko Tanaka, Yoshio Hirota Source Type: research
Rate of eating in early life is positively associated with current and later BMI among young Japanese children: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study
The possible effect of eating rate on promoting obesity has attracted considerable attention among various age groups, but little is known about these associations in an early stage of life. We investigated the hypothesis that eating rate in early childhood influences current and later BMI among young Japanese children. The study subjects were 492 Japanese mother –child pairs from a prospective birth cohort study. Information on rate of eating (slow, medium, or fast), macronutrient intake (protein, fat, and carbohydrate), and dietary fiber intake were collected from the mothers using a diet history questionnaire when the...
Source: Nutrition Research - November 26, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hitomi Okubo, Yoshihiro Miyake, Satoshi Sasaki, Keiko Tanaka, Yoshio Hirota Source Type: research
Review of the mechanisms of probiotic actions in the prevention of colorectal cancer
The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential mechanisms of probiotics action in colorectal cancer prevention. In this regard, the composition of the intestinal microbiota is considered as an important risk factor in the development of colorectal cancer and that probiotics are able to positively modulate the composition of this microbiota. Studies have shown that the regular consumption of probiotics could prevent the development of colorectal cancer. In this respect, in vitro and experimental studies suggest some potential mechanisms responsible for this anticarcinogenic action. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - November 22, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sandra A. dos Reis, Lisiane L. da Concei ção, Nathane P. Siqueira, Damiana D. Rosa, Letícia L. da Silva, Maria do Carmo G. Peluzio Source Type: research
Intake of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) reduced cardiovascular diseases risk factors through positive influences in lipoprotein profiles
In this study, regular consumption of bilberries was hypothesized to have beneficial effects on CVD risk reduction, by changes in human health indicators such as decreasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The research involved women (n=25) and men (n=11) who consumed 150 g of frozen stored bilberries three times a week for 6 weeks. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - November 22, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Marta Habanova, Jorge A. Saraiva, Miroslav Haban, Marianna Schwarzova, Peter Chlebo, Lenka Predna, Jan Ga žo, Joanna Wyka Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Polyphenol-enriched Vaccinium uliginosum L. fractions reduce retinal damage induced by blue light in A2E-laden ARPE19 cell cultures and mice
Polyphenols exert beneficial effects on vision. We hypothesized that polyphenol components of Vaccinium uliginosum L (V.U.) extract protect retina pigment epithelial (RPE) cells against blue light-induced damage. Our aim was to test extracts containing polyphenol components to ascertain effects to reduce damage against blue light in RPEs. We measured the activity in fractions eluted from water (VE), ethanol (FE), and HP20 resin (FH), and found that the FH fraction had the highest beneficial activity. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - November 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Bom-Lee Lee, Jung-Hwan Kang, Hye-Mi Kim, Se-Hee Jeong, Dae-Sik Jang, Young-Pyo Jang, Se-Young Choung Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Vitamin C impacts anxiety-like behavior and stress-induced anorexia relative to social environment in SMP30/GNL knockout mice
The role of endogenous vitamin C (VC) in emotion and psychiatric measures has long been uncertain. We aimed to investigate how an individual's VC status impacts his or her mental health. Our hypothesis is that body VC levels modulate anxiety, anorexia, and depressive phenotypes under the influence of psychosocial rearing environments and sex. Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which lack the ability to synthesize VC, were continuously shifted the VC status from adequate (VC+) to depleted (VC −) by providing a water with or without VC. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - November 16, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Miwako Koizumi, Yoshitaka Kondo, Ayumi Isaka, Akihito Ishigami, Emiko Suzuki Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Dietary tartary buckwheat intake attenuates insulin resistance and improves lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Tartary buckwheat (TB) is rich in protein, dietary fiber, and flavonoids has been reported to affect type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in animal experiments, but limited information is available on the benefit of TB as a whole food in T2DM patients. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that a daily replacement of a portion of the staple food with TB will improve risk factors of T2DM, including fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and lipid profile. In a parallel, randomized, open-label, controlled trial, 165 T2DM patients were randomly assigned to a control diet group (DC group, systematic diet plans and intensive nutritional educ...
Source: Nutrition Research - November 16, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ju Qiu, Yanping Liu, Yanfen Yue, Yuchang Qin, Zaigui Li Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Dietary nitrate does not affect physical activity outcomes in health older adults in a randomized, crossover trial
Although dietary nitrate (NO3 −) ingestion appears to enhance exercise capacity and performance in young individuals, inconclusive findings have been reported in older people. Therefore, we conducted a double-blind, crossover randomized clinical trial using beetroot juice in older healthy participants, who were classified as n ormal weight and overweight. We tested whether consumption of beetroot juice (a rich source of NO3−) for 1 week would increase nitric oxide bioavailability via the nonenzymatic pathway and enhance (1) exercise capacity during an incremental exercise test, (2) physical capability, and (3) free-liv...
Source: Nutrition Research - November 13, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mario Siervo, Clio Oggioni, Djordje G. Jakovljevic, Michael Trenell, John C. Mathers, David Houghton, Carlos Celis-Morales, Ammar W. Ashor, Alan Ruddock, Mayur Ranchordas, Markos Klonizakis, Elizabeth A. Williams Source Type: research
Dietary nitrate does not affect physical activity or outcomes in health older adults in a randomized, cross-over trial
Although dietary nitrate (NO3 −) ingestion appears to enhance exercise capacity and performance in young individuals, inconclusive findings have been reported in older people. Therefore, we conducted a double-blind, cross-over randomized clinical trial using beetroot juice in older healthy participants, who were classified as normal weight and overweight. We tested whether consumption of beetroot juice (a rich source of NO3−) for one week would increase nitric oxide bioavailability via the non-enzymatic pathway and enhance 1) exercise capacity during an incremental exercise test, 2) physical capability, and 3) free-liv...
Source: Nutrition Research - November 13, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mario Siervo, Clio Oggioni, Djordje G Jakovljevic, Michael Trenell, John C Mathers, David Houghton, Carlos Celis-Morales, Ammar W Ashor, Alan Ruddock, Mayur Ranchordas, Markos Klonizakis, Elizabeth A Williams Source Type: research
