A miRNA-target network putatively involved in follicular atresia
In a previous microarray study we identified a subset of miRNAs which expression was distinctly higher in atretic than healthy follicles of cattle. In the present study we investigated the involvement of those miRNAs in granulosa and theca cells during atresia. RT-qPCR confirmed that miR-21-5p/-3p, miR-150, miR-409a, miR-142-5p, miR-378, miR-222, miR-155 and miR-199a-5p were expressed at higher levels in atretic than healthy follicles (9-17 mm, classified based on steroidogenic capacity). All miRNAs except miR-21-3p and miR-378 were expressed at higher levels in theca than granulosa cells. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - August 12, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: F.X. Donadeu, J. Ioannidis Source Type: research
Effect of fish oil on lateral mobility of prostaglandin F2 α (FP) receptors and spatial distribution of lipid microdomains in bovine luteal cell plasma membrane in vitro1
Lipid microdomains are ordered regions on the plasma membrane of cells, rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids, ranging in size from 10 to 200 nm in diameter. These lipid-ordered domains may serve as platforms to facilitate co-localization of intracellular signaling proteins during agonist-induced signal transduction. It is hypothesized that fish oil will disrupt the lipid microdomains, increasing spatial distribution of these lipid-ordered domains and lateral mobility of the prostaglandin (PG) F2 α (FP) receptors in bovine luteal cells. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - August 10, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Michele R. Plewes, Patrick D. Burns, Peter E. Graham, Richard M. Hyslop, B. George Barisas Source Type: research
Prolactin role in the bovine uterus during adenomyosis
Adenomyosis is uterine dysfunction defined as the presence of endometrial glands within the myometrium. It is suggested that adenomyosis is oestrogen-dependent pathology, and prolactin (PRL) also affects its development. In the uterus of ruminants, PRL stimulates gland proliferation and function. We hypothesised that in the bovine uterus, expression of PRL and its receptors (PRLRs) during adenomyosis is disturbed and modulated by oestradiol (E2). Uterine tissues were collected post mortem from cows; epithelial, stromal and myometrial cells were isolated; and cultured and treated with E2. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 21, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: M. Łupicka, B.M. Socha, A.A. Szczepańska, A.J. Korzekwa Source Type: research
Development of the independent function of fetal thyroid glands in the dog in connection with iodothyronine concentrations in pregnant bitches, fetal fluids and fetal serum
Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches were measured. The allantoic and amniotic fluid samples were collected separately in the third week of pregnancy and fetal blood samples were collected in the fourth week of pregnancy. There was no difference between T4 results in the pregnant and non-pregnant animals, but the measured serum concentrations exceeded the healthy range for normal adults. Serum T4 concentrations were lower in the fetus than in adults (P < 0.01). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 19, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Thur óczy, J. Szilágyi, L. Müller, L. Balogh Source Type: research
Development of the independent function of fetal thyroid glands in the dog in connection with iodothyronine concentrations in pregnant bitches, fetal fluids and fetal serum
Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches were measured. The allantoic and amniotic fluid samples were collected separately in the third week of pregnancy and fetal blood samples were collected in the fourth week of pregnancy. There was no difference between T4 results in the pregnant and non-pregnant animals, but the measured serum concentrations exceeded the healthy range for normal adults. Serum T4 concentrations were lower in the fetus than in adults (P < 0.01). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 19, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Thuróczy, J. Szilágyi, L. Müller, L. Balogh Source Type: research
Prostaglandin synthesis by the porcine corpus luteum: effect of tumor necrosis factor- α
The porcine corpus luteum (CL) displays delayed sensitivity to PGF-2 α (luteolytic sensitivity, [LS]) until days 12 to 13 of cycle. The control of LS is unknown, but it is temporally associated with macrophage (which secrete TNF-α) infiltration into the CL. Other studies showed that TNF-α induces LS in vitro and that prostaglandins may be involved in this mechani sm. In experiment 1, PGF-2α and PGE secretion by luteal cells (LCs) was measured on days 4 to 14 of the estrous cycle, and the expression of PTGFS/AKR1B1 and PTGES/mPGES-1, by Western blot, before (day 7) vs after (day 13) the onset of LS. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Chang, S. Frandsen, J.E. Gadsby Source Type: research
Expression of progesterone receptor in the porcine uterus and placenta throughout gestation: correlation with expression of uteroferrin and osteopontin
Progesterone (P4) stimulates production and secretion of histotroph, a mixture of hormones, growth factors, nutrients, and other substances required for growth and development of the conceptus (embryo/fetus and placental membranes). Progesterone acts through the progesterone receptor (PGR); however, there is a gap in our understanding of P4 during pregnancy because PGR have not been localized in the uteri and placentae of pigs beyond day 18. Therefore, we determined endometrial expression of PGR messenger RNA (mRNA) and localized PGR protein in uterine/placental tissues throughout the estrous cycle and through day 85 of pr...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.B. Steinhauser, F.W. Bazer, R.C. Burghardt, G.A. Johnson Source Type: research
Prostaglandin synthesis by the porcine corpus luteum; effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor- α
The porcine corpus luteum (CL) displays delayed sensitivity to PGF-2 α (Luteolytic sensitivity, LS) until days 12-13 of cycle. The control of LS is unknown, but it is temporally associated with macrophage (which secrete TNF-α) infiltration into the CL. Other studies showed that TNF-α induces LS in vitro and that Prostaglandins (PGs) may be involved in this mechani sm. In Experiment 1, PGF-2α and PGE secretion by luteal cells was measured on days 4-14 of the estrous cycle, and the expression of PTGFS/AKR1B1 and PTGES/mPGES-1, by Western blot, before (day 7), versus after (day 13), the onset of LS. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Chang, S. Frandsen, J.E. Gadsby Source Type: research
Prostaglandin synthesis by the porcine corpus luteum; effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α
The porcine corpus luteum (CL) displays delayed sensitivity to PGF-2α (Luteolytic sensitivity, LS) until days 12-13 of cycle. The control of LS is unknown, but it is temporally associated with macrophage (which secrete TNF-α) infiltration into the CL. Other studies showed that TNF-α induces LS in vitro and that Prostaglandins (PGs) may be involved in this mechanism. In Experiment 1, PGF-2α and PGE secretion by luteal cells was measured on days 4-14 of the estrous cycle, and the expression of PTGFS/AKR1B1 and PTGES/mPGES-1, by Western blot, before (day 7), versus after (day 13), the onset of LS. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Chang, S. Frandsen, J.E. Gadsby Source Type: research
Expression of Progesterone Receptor in the Porcine Uterus and Placenta throughout Gestation: Correlation with Expression of Uteroferrin and Osteopontin
Progesterone (P4) stimulates production and secretion of histotroph, a mixture of hormones, growth factors, nutrients, and other substances required for growth and development of the conceptus (embryo/fetus and placental membranes). Progesterone acts through the progesterone receptor (PGR); however, there is a gap in our understanding of P4 during pregnancy because PGR have not been localized in the uteri and placentae of pigs beyond Day 18. Therefore, we determined endometrial expression of PGR mRNA and localized PGR protein in uterine/placental tissues throughout the estrous cycle and through Day 85 of pregnancy in pigs....
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - July 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.B. Steinhauser, F.W. Bazer, R.C. Burghardt, G.A. Johnson Source Type: research
Changes in peripheral anti-M üllerian hormone concentration and their relationship with testicular structure in beef bull calves
The aim of this study was to clarify the time-course of changes in anti-M üllerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone (T) concentrations in peripheral blood and to determine the relationships between blood AMH concentration and testicular development during the early postnatal and prepubertal periods in beef bull calves. A total of 17 Japanese Black bull calves were enrolled in this study. The wk in which the calf was born (within 6 d after birth) was defined as M 0. Blood samples were taken once in every mo from M 0 to M 6 from each bull calf, and plasma AMH and T concentrations were determined. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 30, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: G. Kitahara, R. Kamata, Y. Sasaki, H. El-Sheikh Ali, S. Mido, I. Kobayashi, K. Hemmi, T. Osawa Source Type: research
Changes in peripheral anti-Müllerian hormone concentration and their relationship with testicular structure in beef bull calves
The aim of this study was to clarify the time-course of changes in anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone (T) concentrations in peripheral blood, and to determine the relationships between blood AMH concentration and testicular development during the early postnatal and prepubertal periods in beef bull calves. A total of 17 Japanese Black bull calves were enrolled in this study. The week in which the calf was born (within 6 d after birth) was defined as M 0. Blood samples were taken once every month from M 0 to M 6 from each bull calf, and plasma AMH and T concentrations were determined. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 30, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: G. Kitahara, R. Kamata, Y. Sasaki, H. El-Sheikh Ali, S. Mido, I. Kobayashi, K. Hemmi, T. Osawa Source Type: research
Validation of different measures of insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism in dairy cows using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test as the gold standard
The aim of the present research was to compare different measures of insulin sensitivity in dairy cows at the end of the dry period. To do so, 10 clinically healthy dairy cows with a varying body condition score were selected. By performing hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) tests, we previously demonstrated a negative association between the insulin sensitivity and insulin responsiveness of glucose metabolism and the body condition score of these animals. In the same animals, other measures of insulin sensitivity were determined and the correlation with the HEC test, which is considered as the gold standard, was calc...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 29, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. De Koster, M. Hostens, K. Hermans, W. Van den Broeck, G. Opsomer Source Type: research
