Photoperiod affects the cerebrospinal fluid proteome: a comparison between short day– and long day–treated ewes
Photoperiod is the main physical synchronizer of seasonal functions and a key factor in the modulation of molecule access to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in animals. Previous work has shown that photoperiod affects the transfer rate of steroids and protein hormones from blood to CSF and modulates choroid plexus tight junction protein content. We hypothesized that the CSF proteome would also be modified by photoperiod. We tested this hypothesis by comparing CSF obtained from the third ventricle of mature, ovariectomized, estradiol-replaced ewes exposed to long day length (LD) or short day length (SD). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 27, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A.-P. Teixeira-Gomes, G. Harichaux, D. Gennetay, J. Skipor, J.-C. Thiery, V. Labas, L. Dufourny Source Type: research
Photoperiod affects the cerebrospinal fluid proteome: a comparison between short day- and long day-treated ewes
Photoperiod is the main physical synchronizer of seasonal functions and a key factor in the modulation of molecule access to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in animals. Previous work has shown that photoperiod affects the transfer rate of steroids and protein hormones from blood to CSF and modulates choroid plexus (CP) tight junction protein content. We hypothesized that the CSF proteome would also be modified by photoperiod. We tested this hypothesis by comparing CSF obtained from the third ventricle of mature, ovariectomized, estradiol-replaced ewes exposed to long day length (LD) or short day length (SD). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 27, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A.-P. Teixeira-Gomes, G. Harichaux, D. Gennetay, J. Skipor, J.-C. Thiery, V. Labas, L. Dufourny Source Type: research
Ovarian stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin and equine chorionic gonadotropin affects prostacyclin and its receptor expression in the porcine oviduct
Prostaglandins are well-known mediators of crucial events in the female reproductive tract, eg, early embryo development and implantation. Prostacyclin (PGI2) is the most synthesized prostaglandin in the human oviduct during the postovulatory period, indicating its important role in supporting and regulating the oviductal environment. The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of insemination and ovarian stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)/equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on PGI2 synthesis in the porcine oviduct on day 3 post coitus. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: I. Małysz-Cymborska, A. Andronowska Source Type: research
Ovarian stimulation with hCG and eCG affects PGI and IP expression in the porcine oviduct
Prostaglandins (PGs) are well known mediators of crucial events in the female reproductive tract, e.g., early embryo development and implantation. Prostacyclin (PGI2) is the most synthesized prostaglandin in the human oviduct during the postovulatory period, indicating its important role in supporting and regulating the oviductal environment. The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of insemination as well as ovarian stimulation with hCG/eCG on PGI2 synthesis in the porcine oviduct on day 3 post coitus (p.c). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: I. Małysz-Cymborska, A. Andronowska Source Type: research
Role of the serotonergic axis in the reproductive failure associated with aging broiler breeder roosters
Reproductive failure associated with ageing is a well-known phenomenon. However, the mechanism by which this failure occurs in broiler breeder roosters is still unclear. A previous study conducted in our lab, comparing young and aging broiler breeder roosters, demonstrated an elevation in hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary prolactin (PRL) gene expression accompanied by a deterioration of gonadal axis function. This resulted in a decrease in semen-quality variables as roosters aged. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: N. Avital-Cohen, R. Heiblum, A. Rosenstrauch, Y. Chaiseha, N. Mobarkey, M. Gumułka, I. Rozenboim Source Type: research
Differential metabolic and endocrine adaptations in llamas, sheep, and goats fed high- and low-protein grass-based diets
This study aimed to elucidate whether distinct endocrine and metabolic adaptations provide llamas superior ability to adapt to low protein content grass-based diets as compared with the true ruminants. Eighteen adult, nonpregnant females (6 llamas, 6 goats, and 6 sheep) were fed either green grass hay with (HP) or grass seed straw (LP) in a cross-over design experiment over 2 periods of 21 d. Blood samples were taken on day 21 in each period at −30, 60, 150, and 240 min after feeding the morning meal and analyzed for plasma contents of glucose, triglyceride, nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxy butyrate (BOHB), urea,...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 8, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Kiani, L. Alsted, M.O. Nielsen Source Type: research
Differential metabolic and endocrine adaptations in llamas, sheep and goats fed high and low protein grass-based diets
This study aimed to elucidate whether distinct endocrine and metabolic adaptations provide llamas superior ability to adapt to low protein content grass-based diets as compared to the true ruminants. Eighteen adult, non-pregnant females (6 llamas, 6 goats and 6 sheep) were fed either green grass hay with (HP) or grass seed straw (LP) in a cross-over design experiment over two periods of 21 d. Blood samples were taken on day 21 in each period at -30, 60, 150 and 240 min after feeding the morning meal and analysed for plasma contents of glucose, triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxy butyrate (BOHB), urea, crea...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 8, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Kiani, L. Alsted, M.O. Nielsen Source Type: research
Diethylstilbestrol regulates expression of avian apolipoprotein D during regression and recrudescence of the oviduct and epithelial-derived ovarian carcinogenesis
Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is a glycoprotein which is widely expressed in mammalian tissues. It is structurally and functionally similar to the lipocalins which are multiple lipid binding proteins that transport hydrophobic ligands and other small hydrophobic molecules, including cholesterol and several steroid hormones. Although multiple functions for APOD in various tissues have been reported, its expression, biological function, and hormonal regulation in the female reproductive system are not known. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - April 2, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Jeong, H. Bae, W. Lim, F.W. Bazer, G. Song Source Type: research
Maternal Serum Progesterone Concentration and Early Conceptus Development of Bovine Embryos Produced In Vivo or In Vitro
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between recipient serum concentrations of progesterone, at the time of embryo transfer and at conceptus recovery, on conceptus development from in vivo- or in vitro-produced embryos. Embryos were produced in vivo by superovulation of Holstein cows (IVO; n = 17) or in vitro with either serum-containing (IVPS; n = 27) or serum-restricted medium (IVPSR; n = 34). Single Grade 1 blastocysts from each embryo production system were transferred into heifers on Day 7 of development. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.V. Barnwell, P.W. Farin, C.S. Whisnant, J.E. Alexander, C.E. Farin Source Type: research
Seasonal variation in vitamin D status of beef cattle reared in the central United States
The objective was to retrospectively measure seasonal sunlight associated variation in serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in beef cattle. The concentration of 25OHD was measured in crossbred animals born from March-May in 2011 and 2012. Vitamin D status 2-3 mo post-birth (Period 1) was only available for 2012 calves and was measured June 2012. Period 1 animals had serum 25OHD concentrations of 26.3 ± 1.5 ng/mL. The 25OHD concentrations for late summer (Period 2) were 46.6 ± 1.4 and 51.0 ± 1.5 ng/mL for 2011 and 2012, respectively. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: E. Casas, J.D. Lippolis, L.A. Kuehn, T.A. Reinhardt Source Type: research
Phenomenon of leptin resistance in seasonal animals: the failure of leptin action in the brain
The core of the leptin resistance hypothesis promulgated several years ago to explain obesity as a result of environmental causes consists of two tenets: the extinction of leptin-induced intracellular signaling downstream of leptin binding to the long form of the neuronal receptor LTRb in the hypothalamus and the impedance to leptin entry imposed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). A recent comprehensive investigation concluded that a central leptin insufficiency associated with obesity can be attributed to a decreased efficiency of BBB leptin transport and not to leptin insensitivity within the hypothalamus. (Source: Domest...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: M. Szczesna, D.A. Zieba Source Type: research
Lipopolysaccharides, cytokines, and nitric oxide affect secretion of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by bovine mammary gland during experimentally induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin-1-alpha (IL-1α), and nitric oxide donor (NONOate) on both in vivo and in vitro secretion of prostaglandin (PG)E2, PGF2α, leukotriene (LT)B4, and LTC4 by the bovine mammary gland. In the first experiment, tissues isolated from the teat cavity and lactiferous sinus were treated in vitro with LPS (10 ng/mL), TNF (10 ng/mL), IL-1α (10 ng/mL), NONOate (10−4 M), and the combination of TNF + IL-1α + NONOate for 4 or 8 h. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: K.K. Piotrowska-Tomala, M.M. Bah, K. Jankowska, K. Lukasik, P. Warmowski, A.M. Galvao, D.J. Skarzynski Source Type: research
Lipopolysaccharides, cytokines and nitric oxide affect secretion of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by bovine mammary gland during experimentally induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin-1-alpha (IL-1α) and nitric oxide donor (NONOate) on both in vivo and in vitro secretion of prostaglandin (PG)E2, PGF2α, leukotriene (LT)B4 and LTC4 by the bovine mammary gland. In the first experiment, tissues isolated from the teat cavity and lactiferous sinus were treated in vitro with LPS (10 ng/mL), TNF (10 ng/mL), IL-1α (10 ng/mL), NONOate (10-4 M) and the combination of TNF + IL-1α + NONOate for 4 or 8 h. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: K.K. Piotrowska-Tomala, M.M. Bah, K. Jankowska, K. Lukasik, P. Warmowski, A.M. Galvao, D.J. Skarzynski Source Type: research
Regulation of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein synthesis by porcine hepatocytes in monolayer culture
Alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP, ORM-1) is a highly glycosylated mammalian acute-phase protein, which is synthesized primarily in the liver and represents the major serum protein in newborn pigs. Recent data have suggested that the pig is unique in that AGP is a negative acute-phase protein in this species, and its circulating concentration appears to be associated with growth rate. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the regulation of AGP synthesis in hepatocytes prepared from suckling piglets and to provide a framework to compare its regulation with that of haptoglobin (HP), a positive acute-phase protein....
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - March 6, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: T.J. Caperna, A.E. Shannon, M. Stoll, L.A. Blomberg, T.G. Ramsay Source Type: research
Environmental heat stress modulates thyroid status and its response to repeated endotoxin challenge in steers
The objective of this study was to evaluate in cattle, the effects of acute exposure to a heat stress (HS) environment on the status of the pituitary (thyrotropin, TSH) – thyroid (thyroxine, T4) – peripheral tissue T4 deiodination (type 1 5’-deiodinase, D1; triiodothyronine, T3; reverse-triiodothyronine, rT3) axis and the further response of this pituitary-thyroid-peripheral tissue axis (PTTA) to perturbation caused by the induction of the proinflammatory innate immune state provoked by the administration of Gram-negative bacteria endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - February 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S. Kahl, T.H. Elsasser, R.P. Rhoads, R.J. Collier, L.H. Baumgard Source Type: research
