Endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the concentrations of adiponectin in body fluids and tissues in the bovine
Adiponectin, one of the messenger molecules secreted from adipose tissue that are collectively termed adipokines, has been demonstrated to play a central role in lipid and glucose metabolism in humans and laboratory rodents; it improves insulin sensitivity and exerts anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory actions. Adiponectin is synthesized as a 28 kDa monomer but is not secreted as such; instead it is glycosylated and undergoes multimerization to form different molecular weight (MW) multimers prior to secretion. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - December 13, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Helga Sauerwein, Susanne Häußler Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - December 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - December 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Stimulation of regressing subordinate follicles of wave 2 with a gonadotropin product in heifers
The recovery of regressing wave-2 subordinate follicles was studied by treating heifers with a gonadotropin product that had about 84% and 16% of FSH and LH activity, respectively. A treated group (n = 8) received a single dose of 50 mg (2.5 mL) of the gonadotropin product, and a control group (n = 8) received 2.5 mL of saline vehicle. The group assignment of heifers was not known to the ultrasonographer who tracked the follicles and measured follicle diameters. Follicle measurements began on the day of expected follicle deviation in wave 2 (largest follicle closest to 8.5 mm) and treatment (hour 0) was given on Day 13.4 Â...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: O.J. Ginther, M.A.R. Siddiqui, J.M. Baldrighi, M.M. Hoffman Source Type: research
Systemic effect of follicle-stimulating hormone and intraovarian effect of the corpus luteum on complete regression vs recovery of regressing wave-2 follicles in heifers
Each subordinate of the second follicular wave (wave 2) was monitored, and the outcome was classified as fully regressed (decreased in diameter to 2Â mm) or recovered (decreased initially and then increased to become a growing follicle of the subsequent wave 1). The changing diameter of each follicle after emergence at 2Â mm and plasma concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone were determined every 12Â h from the day of ovulation (Day 0) to 4Â d after the subsequent ovulation in heifers with 2 follicular waves per interovulatory interval (n = 10). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: O.J. Ginther, M.A.R. Siddiqui, J.M. Baldrighi, C.A. Wolf Source Type: research
Systemic effect of FSH and intraovarian effect of the corpus luteum on complete regression versus recovery of regressing wave-2 follicles in heifers
Each subordinate of the second follicular wave (wave 2) was monitored, and the outcome was classified as fully regressed (decreased in diameter to 2 mm) or recovered (decreased initially and then increased to become a growing follicle of the subsequent wave 1). The changing diameter of each follicle after emergence at 2 mm and plasma concentration of FSH were determined every 12 h from the day of ovulation (Day 0) to 4 d after the subsequent ovulation in heifers with 2 follicular waves per interovulatory interval (n = 10). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: O.J. Ginther, M.A.R. Siddiqui, J.M. Baldrighi, C.A. Wolf Source Type: research
The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in sheep is attenuated during lactation in response to psychosocial and predator stress
Activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by psychosocial stress is attenuated during lactation. We tested the hypothesis that lactating ewes will have attenuated HPA axis responses to isolation and restraint but will have greater responses to predator stress in the form of barking dogs. We imposed two 4Â h stressors: psychosocial stress (isolation and restraint of ewes) and predator stress (barking dogs). Blood was collected intravenous every 10Â min from nonlactating ewes (n = 6), lactating ewes with lambs present but not able to be suckled (n = 6), and lactating ewes with lambs present and able to be su...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.R. Ralph, A.J. Tilbrook Source Type: research
The Hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in sheep is attenuated during lactation in response to psychosocial and predator stress
Activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis by psychosocial stress is attenuated during lactation. We tested the hypothesis that lactating ewes will have attenuated HPA axis responses to isolation and restraint but will have greater responses to predator stress in the form of barking dogs. We imposed two 4 h stressors: psychosocial stress (isolation and restraint of ewes) and predator stress (barking dogs). Blood was collected i.v. every 10 min from non-lactating ewes (n = 6), lactating ewes with lambs present but not able to be suckled (n = 6) and lactating ewes with lambs present and able to be suckled (n ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.R. Ralph, A.J. Tilbrook Source Type: research
Prolonged hyperinsulinemia affects metabolic signal transduction markers in a tissue specific manner
Insulin dysregulation is common in horses, although the mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction are poorly understood. We hypothesized that insulin signaling in striated (cardiac and skeletal) muscle and lamellae may be mediated through different receptors as a result of receptor content, and that transcriptional regulation of downstream signal transduction and glucose transport may also differ between tissues sites during hyperinsulinemia. Archived samples from horses treated with a prolonged insulin infusion or a balanced electrolyte solution were used. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - November 18, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Campolo, M.A. de Laat, L. Keith, K.J. Gruntmeir, V.A. Lacombe Source Type: research
Follicle-stimulating hormone–induced rescue of cumulus cell apoptosis and enhanced development ability of buffalo oocytes
The effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on apoptotic status of cumulus cells, expression of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes, and development rate of in vitro fertilization–produced buffalo embryos were investigated. FSH supplementation in in vitro maturation–medium resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the expression of proapoptotic genes namely, BCL2-associated X protein (BAX), cytochrome c, and caspase-3 and increase in the expression of antiapoptotic genes such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in cumulus cells of mature oocyte. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 31, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Jain, T. Jain, P. Kumar, M. Kumar, S. De, M. Gohain, R. Kumar, T.K. Datta Source Type: research
Changes in brain ribonuclease () messenger RNA in granulosa cells (GCs) of dominant vs subordinate ovarian follicles of cattle and the regulation of gene expression in bovine GCs
This study was designed to characterize BRB gene expression in granulosa cells (GCs) during development of bovine dominant ovarian follicles and to determine the hormonal regulation of BRB in GCs. Estrous cycles of Holstein cows (n = 18) were synchronized, and cows were ovariectomized on either day 3 to 4 or day 5 to 6 after ovulation during dominant follicle growth and selection. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 31, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J.L. Dentis, N.B. Schreiber, J.N. Gilliam, L.F. Schutz, L.J. Spicer Source Type: research
FSH-induced rescue of cumulus cell apoptosis and enhanced development ability of buffalo oocytes
The effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on apoptotic status of cumulus cells, expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes and development rate of IVF produced buffalo embryos was investigated. FSH supplementation in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes namely, BCL2 associated X protein (BAX), cytochrome c and caspase-3 and increase in the expression of anti-apoptotic genes like B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and X-linked Inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in cumulus cells of mature oocyte. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 31, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Jain, T. Jain, P. Kumar, M. Kumar, S. De, M. Gohain, R. Kumar, T.K. Datta Source Type: research
Changes in brain ribonuclease () mRNA in granulosa cells (GC) of dominant versus subordinate ovarian follicles of cattle and the regulation of gene expression in bovine GC
This study was designed to characterize BRB gene expression in granulosa cells (GC) during development of bovine dominant ovarian follicles, and to determine the hormonal regulation of BRB in GC. Estrous cycles of Holstein cows (n = 18) were synchronized and cows were ovariectomized on either day 3 to 4 or day 5 to 6 post-ovulation during dominant follicle growth and selection. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 31, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J.L. Dentis, N.B. Schreiber, J.N. Gilliam, L.F. Schutz, L.J. Spicer Source Type: research
Myostatin inhibits porcine intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation in vitro
This study assessed the effect of myostatin on adipogenesis by porcine intramuscular preadipocytes. Intramuscular preadipocytes were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle of newborn pigs. Myostatin inhibited intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Myostatin treatment during preadipocyte differentiation significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the expression of the adipogenic marker genes CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element–binding protein-1c, fatty acid–binding protein, and adiponecti...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: W.X. Sun, M.V. Dodson, Z.H. Jiang, S.G. Yu, W.W. Chu, J. Chen Source Type: research
Myostatin inhibits porcine intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation in vitro
This study assessed the effect of myostatin on adipogenesis by porcine intramuscular preadipocytes. Intramuscular preadipocytes were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle of newborn pigs. Myostatin inhibited intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Myostatin treatment during preadipocyte differentiation significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the expression of the adipogenic marker genes CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid binding protein, and adiponectin. (...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: W.X. Sun, M.V. Dodson, Z.H. Jiang, S.G. Yu, W.W. Chu, J. Chen Source Type: research
