Dietary melatonin alters uterine artery hemodynamics in pregnant Holstein heifers
The objective was to examine uterine artery hemodynamics and maternal serum profiles in pregnant heifers supplemented with dietary melatonin (MEL) or no supplementation (CON). In addition, melatonin receptor mediated responses in steroid metabolism were examined using a bovine endometrial epithelial culture system. Twenty singleton pregnant Holstein heifers were supplemented with 20 mg of melatonin (n = 10) or no melatonin supplementation (control; n = 10) from day 190 to 262 of gestation. Maternal measurements were recorded on days 180 (baseline), 210, 240, and 262 of gestation. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: K.E. Brockus, C.G. Hart, C.L. Gilfeather, B.O. Fleming, C.O. Lemley Source Type: research
Defective secretion of Prostaglandin F2α during development of idiopathic persistent corpus luteum in mares
Five mares that developed idiopathic persistent corpus luteum (PCL) were compared with 5 mares with apparently normal interovulatory intervals (IOIs). Progesterone (P4) and a metabolite of prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) were assayed daily beginning on the day of ovulation (Day 0). Transition between the end of an initial progressive P4 increase and the beginning of a gradual decrease in P4 occurred on mean Day 6. The gradual decrease in P4 between Days 6 and 12 was less (approached significance, P < 0.06) in the PCL group than in the IOI group. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 28, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: O.J. Ginther, T. Castro, J.M. Baldrighi, C.A. Wolf, V.G. Santos Source Type: research
Defective secretion of PGF2α during development of idiopathic persistent corpus luteum in mares
Five mares that developed idiopathic persistent corpus luteum (PCL) were compared with 5 mares with apparently normal interovulatory intervals (IOI). Progesterone (P4) and a metabolite of PGF2α (PGFM) were assayed daily beginning on the day of ovulation (Day 0). Transition between the end of an initial progressive P4 increase and the beginning of a gradual decrease in P4 occurred on mean Day 6. The gradual decrease in P4 between Days 6 and 12 was less (approached significance, P < 0.06) in the PCL group than in the IOI group. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 28, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: O.J. Ginther, T. Castro, J.M. Baldrighi, C.A. Wolf, V.G. Santos Source Type: research
Interleukin 6 increases the in vitro expression of key proteins associated with steroidogenesis in the bovine adrenal zona fasciculata
In this study, the in vitro effects of interleukin 6 (IL-6) on the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and proteins for key steroidogenic factors in the bovine adrenal zona fasciculate (ZF) were determined. Bovine adrenal glands were obtained from an abattoir, and the ZF was isolated. Strips of ZF were then exposed to different concentration of murine IL-6 and/or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for various intervals, the protein and mRNA extracted, and the mRNA and protein expression determined by RT-PCR and Western blots. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S. McIlmoil, J. Strickland, A.M. Judd Source Type: research
Interleukin-6 increases the in vitro expression of key proteins associated with steroidogenesis in the bovine adrenal zona fasciculata
In this study, the in vitro effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the mRNAs and proteins for key steroidogenic factors in the bovine adrenal zona fasciculate (ZF) were determined. Bovine adrenal glands were obtained from an abattoir and the ZF isolated. Strips of ZF were then exposed to different concentration of murine IL-6 and/or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for various time intervals, the protein and mRNA extracted, and the mRNA and protein expression determined by RT-PCR and western blots. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S. McIlmoil, J. Strickland, A.M. Judd Source Type: research
Tamoxifen Impairs Prepubertal Mammary Development and Alters Expression of Estrogen Receptor α (ESR1) and Progesterone Receptors (PGR)
Research has shown that prepubertal heifers experience allometric mammary growth that is influenced by the ovaries. Our purpose was to determine the role of estrogen in prepubertal mammary gland development. Sixteen Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: tamoxifen-injected (TAM) or control (CON). Calves were administered the anti-estrogen tamoxifen (0.3 mg·kg1·d1) or placebo from 28 to 120 days of age. At 120 days calves were euthanized and udders removed. Weight and DNA content of trimmed parenchymal tissue was halved (P ≤ 0.0001) in TAM compared with CON calves. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 21, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: H.L.M. Tucker, C.L.M. Parsons, S. Ellis, M.L. Rhoads, R.M. Akers Source Type: research
Circulating concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, peptide YY, and insulin in client-owned lean, overweight, and diabetic cats
Our objectives were to measure plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and peptide YY (PYY) in client-owned newly diagnosed diabetic cats and nondiabetic lean or overweight cats and to determine whether circulating concentrations of these hormones differed between study groups and if they increased postprandially as seen in other species. A total of 31 cats were recruited and placed into 1 of 3 study groups: lean (body condition score 4–5 on a scale of 1–9; n = 10), overweight (body condition score 6–8; n = 11), or diabetic (n = 10). (Source: Domestic ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 10, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.J. McMillan, R.C. Zapata, P.K. Chelikani, E.C.R. Snead, K. Cosford Source Type: research
Circulating concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, peptide YY and insulin in client owned lean, overweight and diabetic cats
Our objectives were to measure plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and peptide YY (PYY) in client-owned newly diagnosed diabetic cats, and non-diabetic lean or overweight cats, to determine whether circulating concentrations of these hormones differed between study groups and if they increased post-prandially as seen in other species. A total of 31 cats were recruited and placed into one of three study groups – lean (BCS 4-5 on a scale of 1-to-9; n = 10), overweight (BCS 6-8; n = 11), or diabetic (n = 10). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 10, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C.J. McMillan, R.C. Zapata, P.K. Chelikani, E.C.R. Snead, K. Cosford Source Type: research
Protein and messenger RNA expression of interleukin 1 system members in bovine ovarian follicles and effects of interleukin 1β on primordial follicle activation and survival in vitro
This study aimed to investigate the expression of interleukin 1 (IL-1) system members (proteins and messenger RNA of ligands and receptors) and its distribution in ovarian follicles of cyclic cows and to evaluate the effects of IL-1β on the survival and activation of primordial follicles in vitro. The ovaries were processed for localization of IL-1 system in preantral and antral follicles by immunohistochemical, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. For in vitro studies, ovarian fragments were cultured in α-MEM+ supplemented with IL-1β (0, 1, 10, 50, or 100 ng/mL), and after 6 d, the cultur...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 2, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J.R.S. Passos, J.J.N. Costa, E.V. da Cunha, A.W.B. Silva, R.P. Ribeiro, G.B. de Souza, P.A.A. Barroso, A.M.P. Dau, M.V.A. Saraiva, P.B.D. Gonçalves, R. van den Hurk, J.R.V. Silva Source Type: research
Protein and mRNA expression of interleukin 1 system members in bovine ovarian follicles and effects of interleukin -1β on primordial follicle activation and survival
This study aimed to investigate the expression of interleukin 1 system members (proteins and mRNA of ligands and receptors) and its distribution in ovarian follicles of cyclic cows, as well as to evaluate the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on the survival and activation of primordial follicles in vitro. The ovaries were processed for localization of interleukin 1 system in preantral and antral follicles by immunohistochemical, real time PCR and western blot analysis. For in-vitro studies, ovarian fragments were cultured in α-MEM+ supplemented with IL-1β (0, 1, 10, 50 or 100 ng/mL), and after 6 days the cultured tiss...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - October 2, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J.R.S. Passos, J.J.N. Costa, E.V. da Cunha, A.W.B. Silva, R.P. Ribeiro, G.B. de Souza, P.A.A. Barroso, A.M.P. Dau, M.V.A. Saraiva, P.B.D. Gonçalves, R. van den Hurk, J.R.V. Silva Source Type: research
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 and bone morphogenetic protein receptor expression in the pituitary gland of adult dogs in healthy condition and with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and its receptors, bone morphogenetic protein receptor I (BMPRI) and BMPRII, in the pituitary gland of healthy adult dogs and those with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the BMP4 mRNA expression level in the ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma samples was significantly lower than that in the normal pituitary gland samples (P = 0.03). However, there were no statistically significant differences between samples with respect to the mRNA expression levels of the receptors ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - September 29, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Sato, H. Ochi, Y. Harada, T. Yogo, N. Kanno, Y. Hara Source Type: research
MicroRNA-10b suppresses goat granulosa cell proliferation by targeting brain-derived neurotropic factor
In this study, we analyzed the expression of miR-10b and BDNF in the ovary and discovered that the expression of miR-10b was higher in monotocous goat ovaries than in polytocous goat ovaries, whereas the expression pattern of BDNF in ovary was opposite. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - September 29, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J.Y. Peng, X.P. An, F. Fang, K.X. Gao, H.Y. Xin, P. Han, L.J. Bao, H.D. Ma, B.Y. Cao Source Type: research
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 and bone morphogenetic protein receptor expression in the pituitary gland of adult dogs in healthy condition and with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and its receptors, bone morphogenetic protein receptor I (BMPRI) and BMPRII, in the pituitary gland of healthy adult dogs and in those with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the BMP4 messenger RNA expression level in the ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma samples was significantly lower than that in the normal pituitary gland samples (P = 0.03). (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - September 28, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. Sato, H. Ochi, Y. Harada, T. Yogo, N. Kanno, Y. Hara Source Type: research
Regulation and localization of vascular endothelial growth factor within the mammary glands during the transition from late gestation to lactation
The vascular network within the developing mammary gland (MG) grows in concert with the epithelium to prepare for lactation, although the mechanisms coordinating this vascular development are unresolved. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mediates angiogenesis and vascular permeability in the MG during pregnancy and lactation, where its expression is upregulated by prolactin. Given our previous finding that late-gestational hyperprolactinemia induced by domperidone (DOM) increased subsequent milk yield from gilts, we sought to establish changes in vascular development during late gestation and lactation in the m...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - September 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: M.K. VanKlompenberg, R. Manjarín, C.E. Donovan, J.F. Trott, R.C. Hovey Source Type: research
Intrafollicular expression and potential regulatory role of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in the ovine ovary
The objective of described studies was to investigate expression of CART in sheep follicles and determine effects of CART on indices of ovine granulosa cell function linked to follicular development. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - September 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Y. Huang, X.L. Yao, J.Z. Meng, Y. Liu, X.L. Jiang, J.W. Chen, P.F. Li, Y.S. Ren, W.Z. Liu, J.B. Yao, J.K. Folger, G.W. Smith, L.H. Lv Source Type: research
