Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:599-609 "Commensal bacteria and immunity of the gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tracts"
Commensal bacteria are microorganisms that occur among others in the gastrointestinal, respiratory and urogenital tract not exhibit the characteristics of pathogenicity, and act on the immune system and the metabolism of macroorganism and “create” protective barrier against pathogenic bacteria. Currently, it is estimated that the number of commensal bacteria inhabiting in and on human, are more than ten times the number of cells that build the body. The composition of these microorganisms depends on health and physiological status of macroorganism, including its immune status, but also largely on environmental factors ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 13, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:590-598 "Genetical background of intelligence"
Intelligence as an ability to reason, think abstractly and adapt effectively to the environment is a subject of research in the field of psychology, neurobiology, and in the last twenty years genetics as well. Genetical testing of twins carried out from XX century indicated heritebility of intelligence, therefore confirmed an influence of genetic factor on cognitive processes. Studies on genetic background of intelligence focus on dopaminergic (DRD2, DRD4, COMT, SLC6A3, DAT1, CCKAR) and adrenergic system (ADRB2, CHRM2) genes as well as, neutrofins (BDNF) and oxidative stress genes (LTF, PRNP). Positive effect of investigat...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 13, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:581-589 "Geriatric syndromes in patients with chronic kidney disease"
The recent epidemiologic data pointed out, that the general number of patients on hemodialysis is steadily increasing, especially in group of elderly patients over 75 years old. The geriatric syndromes are a multietiological disorder related to physiological aging and partly associated with comorbid conditions. Frailty, falls, functional decline and disability, cognitive impairment and depression are main geriatric syndromes and occurs in patients with impaired renal function more often than among general population. The causes of higher prevalence of those syndromes are not well known, but uremic environment and overall r...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 8, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:572-580 "Mechanisms of endocytosis utilized by viruses during infection"
Viruses, despite being relatively simple in structure and composition, have evolved a broad spectrum of mechanisms to exploit the host cell. To initiate effective infection, viruses or viral genomes have to enter cells. Recently studies have shown that apart from the direct fusion at the plasma membrane, endocytosis is more often the preferred means of entry into the host cell. Endocytosis is a complex phenomenon, that includes multiple pathways of membrane trafficking, such as clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolin-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis and phagocytosis. Endosomes offer a convenient and often rapid trans...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 1, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:562-571 "Elevated plasma ADMA contributes to development of endothelial dysfunction in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia"
Discussion: This is the first demonstration that functionally assessed ED is present in ALL children at the diagnosis and results from elevated ADMA and parallel inflammatory ED. (Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej)
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 1, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:556-561 "The problem of vaginismus with congenital malformation of the genital tract"
The persistent or recurrent difficulties of the woman to allow vaginal entry of a penis, a finger, and/or any object, despite the woman’s expressed wish to do so” is vaginismus. Early traumatic sexual experiences (e.g. sexual abuse), religious orthodoxy, low self-esteem and body image, negative attitudes about sexuality, lack of knowledge about sex and fear responses are some of the traditional etiological correlates of vaginismus. Vaginismus is largely a diagnosis of exclusion. An interview is crucial in differentiating the causes of this disease and it should involve the following key questions: -whether the contract...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 31, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:542-555 "Effects of activation of endocannabinoid system on myocardial metabolism"
Endocannabinoids exert their effect on the regulation of energy homeostasis via activation of specific receptors. They control food intake, secretion of insulin, lipids and glucose metabolism, lipid storage. Long chain fatty acids are the main myocardial energy substrate. However, the heart exerts enormous metabolic flexibility emphasized by its ability to utilzation not only fatty acids, but also glucose, lactate and ketone bodies. Endocannabinoids can directly act on the cardiomyocytes through the CB1 and CB2 receptors present in cardiomyocytes. It appears that direct activation of CB1 receptors promotes increased lipoge...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 21, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:534-541 "Efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia"
Conclusions: VD replenishment is safe and can be effectively achieved by means of the employed cholecalciferol dosage in the majority of patients. However, some subjects may require higher doses to obtain the optimal level and immune function. (Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej)
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 21, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:522-533 "Eukaryotic TLS polymerases"
TLS polymerases are able to replicate damaged DNA (called translesion DNA synthesis, TLS). Their presence prevents cell death as a result of violating the integrity of the genome. In vitro, they are mutator, but in vivo are recruited by specific types of DNA damage and usually replicate them in a correct manner. The best-known TLS polymerases belong to the Y family, such as Rev1, κ, η, ι, and polymerase ζ from the B family. There are two mechanisms of TLS polymerases action: polymerase-switching model and the gap-filling model. Selection of the mechanism primarily depends on the phase of the cell cycle. The regulation ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 21, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:514-521 "Carbamylation of proteins – mechanism, causes and consequences"
Carbamylation (carbamoylation) is a post-translational modification resulting from the nonenzymatic reaction between isocyanic acid and free functional groups of proteins, in particular with the free amino groups. This reaction alters structural and functional properties of proteins and results in faster aging of proteins. Urea present in the body can be transformed into cyanate and its more reactive form, isocyanic acid. High concentration of urea is associated with some diseases, especially with chronic renal failure and atherosclerosis. In human tissues, urea and cyanate are in equilibrium in aqueous solutions. Surpris...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 16, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:505-513 "Analysis of Clostridium difficile infections in patients hospitalized at the nephrological ward in Poland"
Conclusions: 1. Clostridium difficile infection is particularly common among patients in the early period after solid organ transplantation. 2. Clostridium difficile infection may lead to irreversible deterioration of transplanted kidney function. (Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej)
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 16, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:489-504 "The biological role of sulfatides"
Sulfatides (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramides, sulfated galactocerebrosides, SM4) are esters of sulfuric acid with galactosylceramides. These acidic glycosphingolipids, present at the external leaflet of the plasma membrane, are synthesized by a variety of mammalian cells. They are especially abundant in the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Studies using cerebroside galactosyltransferase-deficient mice revealed that sulfatides are responsible for proper structure and functioning of myelin. Large amounts of sulfatides are also found in the kidney,...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 9, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:471-488 "BRAF mutation in progression and therapy of melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma"
BRAF is mutated at a high frequency in various malignancies, including melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma. BRAF is an element of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathway, which when constitutively active can lead to increased proliferation rate, enhanced survival, invasion and metastasis. The development of small molecule inhibitors of mutant BRAF kinase has changed the care of patients, especially with melanoma. Despite the success in treating melanoma with inhibitors of mutant BRAF and other elements of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathway, resistance limits the long-term responsiveness to these drug...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 9, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:459-470 "Leczenie zespołu nerczycowego: immuno- czy raczej podocytoterapia?"
Zespół nerczycowy (ZN) jest to grupa objawów klinicznych będących skutkiem masywnego białkomoczu spowodowanego przez uszkodzenie bariery filtracyjnej kłębuszków nerkowych. Barierę tę stanowi błona podstawna naczyń kapilarnych wraz z warstwą komórek śródbłonka pokrywającą jej wnętrze oraz z warstwą podocytów po stronie zewnętrznej. Podocyty są nie tylko częścią filtra kłębuszkowego, ale jednocześnie regulują wytwarzanie pozostałych elementów bariery. Integralność tych komórek jest więc szczególnie istotna dla zachowania prawidłowego składu ultrafiltratu. Patogeneza idiopatycznego zes...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 5, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:448-458 "Significance of increased and reduced proteasome activity in the pathomechanism of selected disorders"
Proteasomes are structures responsible for the elimination of damaged and misfolded proteins. Thus, they also regulate the most important intracellular processes. Changes in their functions can lead to many molecular diseases. There are two possible disorders in the function of proteasomes. Their increasing activity causes excessive degradation of important cell proteins. On the other hand, their insufficiency can inhibit the degradation of pathological proteins and lead to their accumulation. The increase of proteasome activity and the degradation of important proteins are observed in many pathological disorders. Therefo...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - May 5, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research