Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:775-786 "Protease-activated receptors – biology and role in cancer"
The fact that blood coagulation disorders may accompany malignant disease is well established. However, many studies have shown that components of the haemostatic system may also elicit signaling leading to cancer developement and progression. The potential mechanism by which coagulation factors play a role in cancer invasion is not completely understood, but one hypothesis is that protease-activated receptors (PARs) play a prominent role. PARs are transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by a unique proteolytic mechanism. They have important functions in haemostasis and inflammation but may als...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - July 7, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:760-774 "Cannabinoids and haemostasis"
Elements of the endocannabinoid system (cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, CBPT and CBED, endocannabinoids, enzymes involved in the synthesis and metabolism of endocannabinoids) are located on the structures involved in the process of hemostasis. An increasing level of endocannabinoids was also observed in some pathological conditions, which may occur in disorders of hemostasis. At the same time, disconcertingly, there is an increased number of reports about incidents of cardiovascular events in smokers of marijuana. Experimental and clinical studies demonstrated multidirectional, often contradictory, effects of cannabinoids ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - July 7, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:751-759 "Hen’s egg as a source of valuable biologically active substances"
The aim of this article is to show current knowledge concerning valuable substances biologically active present in hen eggs and underline important nutritive role of hen eggs. Hen egg is a good source of nutrients such as proteins, vitamins (A, B2, B6, B12, D, E, K), minerals and lipids. The significant part of lipids is a group of unsaturated phospholipids, which are components of cell membranes, act protectively on the cardiovascular system and contribute to a decrease of cholesterol level and blood pressure. Therefore, the consumption of unsaturated phospholipids is recommended especially in patients suffering from dise...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - July 6, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:743-750 "Macrophages – silent enemies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis"
The inflammatory response by secretion of cytokines and other mediators is postulated as one of the most significant factors in the pathophysiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The effect of macrophage action depends on the type of their activation. Classically activated macrophages (M1) are responsible for release of molecules crucial for joint inflammation. Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) may recognize self antigens by scavenger receptors and induce the immunological reaction leading to autoimmune diseases such as JIA. Molecules essential for JIA pathophysiology include: TNF-α, the production of whic...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - July 6, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:735-742 "Cell reactions and immune responses to photodynamic therapy in oncology"
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive, highly selective method for the treatment of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. It was clinically approved more than 30 years ago. PDT involves the selective uptake of a photosensitizer (PS) by neoplastic tissue, which is able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation with visible or near-infrared (NIR) light. ROS induce destruction of target cells and damage of tumor-associated vasculature and activate an antitumor immune response, leading to tumor regression. The execution of this process is attained by different mechanisms, including ho...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - July 1, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:722-734 "Radioprotectors in radiotherapy – advances in the potential application of phytochemicals"
Radiotherapy, in addition to chemotherapy, is currently the primary method of cancer treatment based on destruction of malignant cells by ionizing radiation. Unfortunately, it also affects normal cells, which is associated with negative consequences for a patient. Radioprotectors are compounds used to prevent/protect the non-tumor cells from the harmful effects of radiation. To play their role these compounds should meet several criteria; among others, they should significantly protect normal cells from radiation without changing the tumor cell radiosensitivity. In general, agents used to alter normal tissue toxicity from ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 30, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:709-721 "Misregulation of iron homeostasis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"
Iron is essential for all mammalian cells, but it is toxic in excess. Our understanding of molecular mechanisms ensuring iron homeostasis at both cellular and systemic levels has dramatically increased over the past 15 years. However, despite major advances in this field, homeostatic regulation of iron in the central nervous system (CNS) requires elucidation. It is unclear how iron moves in the CNS and how its transfer to the CNS across the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, which separate the CNS from the systemic circulation, is regulated. Increasing evidence indicates the role of iron dysregulation ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 30, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:695-708 "From tyrosine to melanin: Signaling pathways and factors regulating melanogenesis"
Melanins are natural pigments of skin, hair and eyes and can be classified into two main types: brown to black eumelanin and yellow to reddish-brown pheomelanin. Biosynthesis of melanins takes place in melanosomes, which are specialized cytoplasmic organelles of melanocytes - dendritic cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis, uveal tract of the eye, hair follicles, as well as in the inner ear, central nervous system and heart. Melanogenesis is a multistep process and begins with the conversion of amino acid L-tyrosine to DOPAquinone. The addition of cysteine or glutathione to DOPAquinone leads to the intermediate...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 30, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:678-694 "The role of serine proteases in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections"
An increasing resistance of pathogenic bacterial species has been considered as one of the major health problems worldwide. The discovery of novel protein targets and development of effective anti-bacterial therapeutics is of high need since for some extremely resistant pathogens we are simply left unarmed. One of new promising therapeutic strategy is the application of specific inhibitors targeting bacterial serine proteases. Pathogenic microorganisms secrete abroad range of hydrolases, including serine proteases which lead to activation of various virulence factors. Herein, we review the specific bacteria serine protease...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 30, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:668-677 "Involvement of regulatory T cells and selected cytokines in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma"
Asthma pathogenesis is complex and involves the interplay of many factors and actions. Airway inflammation in allergic asthma is characterized by an exaggerated activation of T helper type 2 cells, IgE production and infiltration and activation of eosinophils. The results of studies conducted in recent years indicate that the deficit of naturally occurring Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ and Foxp3+CD25+CD8+ regulatory T cells and type 1 regulatory T cells plays a pivotal role in the development of this disease. Moreover, numerous studies have provided convincing evidence that a decrease in IL-10 production and an increase in IL-17 product...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 29, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:654-667 "Treatment of renal ANCA-associated vasculitides"
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of small vessel vasculitides which commonly affect the kidneys, manifesting as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. In this review, we present different treatment methods (e.g. cyclophosphamide, rituximab, plasma exchange) used for remission induction and maintenance in renal AAV. We also discuss treatment options in relapsing and refractory disease and for patients with end-stage renal disease due to AAV. In addition, we enumerate the various risk factors associated with relapsing and refractory disease, quality of life impairment and ...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 29, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:644-653 "Regulation of cardiac metabolism and function by lipogenic factors"
The heart has a limited capacity for lipogenesis and de novo lipid synthesis. However, expression of lipogenic genes in cardiomyocytes is unexpectedly high. Recent studies showed that lipogenic genes are important factors regulating cardiac metabolism and function. Long chain fatty acids are a major source of ATP required for proper heart function, and under aerobic conditions, the heart derives 60-90% of the energy necessary for contractile function from fatty acid oxidation. On the other hand, cardiac lipid over-accumulation (e.g. ceramides, diacylglycerols) leads to heart dysfunction. Downregulation of the lipogenic gen...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 23, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:637-643 "The role of vitamin D in health preservation and exertional capacity of athletes"
Sports training causes an increased load on the musculoskeletal, hormonal and immune system, which makes maintaining homeostasis in the organism more difficult. Maintaining metabolic balance in the athlete’s body is important due to the necessity to obtain high physical fitness. One factor that facilitates optimization of health and increased endurance is a balanced diet. Proper nutrition enables provision of energy-giving and body-building substances as well as bioelements and vitamins, which influence metabolic processes and play regulatory functions. Vitamin D, also called calciferol, has an impact on maintaining effe...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 16, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:618-636 "Cathelicidins and defensins regulate mast cell antimicrobial activity"
Cathelicidins and defensins are the multifunctional host defense molecules essential for immune response to infection. In recent years they have been shown to be natural, broad-spectrum antimicrobials against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, enveloped viruses, and fungi. These small peptides kill the invaded pathogens by destroying their cell membranes and can neutralize biological activities of endotoxin. Apart from exerting direct antimicrobial effects, cathelicidins and defensins can also trigger innate and adaptive defense responses in the host. The functions of the host derived peptides in immunomodulati...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 16, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70:610-617 "The participation of outer membrane proteins in the bacterial sensitivity to nanosilver"
The presented study is to analyze the participation of outer membrane proteins of Gram- negative bacteria in sensitivity to silver nanomaterials. The mechanism of interaction of silver with the bacterial cell is best described in this group of microorganisms. There are several theories regarding the effectiveness of antimicrobial ions and nanosilver, and at the indicated differences in the way they work. Outer membrane proteins of Gram-negative bacteria are involved in the procurement of silver from the environment and contribute to the development mechanisms of resistance to nanometals. They are measurable parameter in th...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - June 13, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research