Nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: combined evidence from the TOMORROW and INPULSIS trials
and purpose: The Phase II TOMORROW trial and two Phase III INPULSIS® trials investigated the efficacy and safety of nintedanib versus placebo in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). To obtain an overall estimate of the treatment effect of nintedanib 150 mg twice daily (bid), pooled and meta-analyses of data from these three trials were conducted. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 2, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Luca Richeldi, Vincent Cottin, Roland M. du Bois, Moisés Selman, Toshio Kimura, Zelie Bailes, Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg, Susanne Stowasser, Kevin K. Brown Source Type: research
The use of auto-antibody testing in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) – A practical approach for the pulmonologist
Interstitial lung diseases (ILD), also defined as diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) include a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders. They may be caused by an underlying connective tissue disease (CTD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) or ANCA-associated Vasculitis (AAV). Pulmonary manifestations of these conditions may also precede systemic onset and therefore, pulmonologists may be confronted with diagnosing a systemic rheumatic disease. For the discrimination of CTD-related ILD and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), serological testing is recommended. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Thomas Bahmer, Micaela Romagnoli, Francesco Girelli, Martin Claussen, Klaus F. Rabe Tags: Review article Source Type: research
Fat embolism syndrome: State-of-the-art review focused on pulmonary imaging findings
Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of trauma or orthopedic surgery, which presents predominantly with pulmonary symptoms. Modern intensive care has improved the mortality rates, however diagnosis remains difficult, relying predominantly on a combination of a classic triad of symptoms and non-specific, but characteristic radiological features. The aim of this review is to describe the main clinical and imaging aspects of FES, ranging from pathophysiology to treatment with emphasis on pulmonary involvement. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Katrina Newbigin, Carolina A. Souza, Carlos Torres, Edson Marchiori, Ashish Gupta, Joao Inacio, Mitchel Armstrong, Elena Peña Tags: Review article Source Type: research
The use of auto-antibody testing in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) A practical approach for the pulmonologist
Interstitial lung diseases (ILD), also defined as diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) include a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders. They may be caused by an underlying connective tissue disease (CTD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) or ANCA-associated Vasculitis (AAV). Pulmonary manifestations of these conditions may also precede systemic onset and therefore, pulmonologists may be confronted with diagnosing a systemic rheumatic disease. For the discrimination of CTD-related ILD and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), serological testing is recommended. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Thomas Bahmer, Micaela Romagnoli, Francesco Girelli, Martin Claussen, Klaus F. Rabe Tags: Review article Source Type: research
A Randomized Controlled Trial to evaluate the Lung Clearance Index as an Outcome Measure for Early Phase Studies in patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Outcome measures that can evaluate treatment efficacy are important to enhance development of new therapeutic agents for Cystic Fibrosis (CF). We investigated whether the lung clearance index (LCI) measured by multiple breath washout (MBW) can detect a treatment effect of hypertonic saline (HS) inhalation after single dosing within a 24 hour period. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Reshma Amin, Sanja Stanojevic, Mica Kane, Hailey Webster, Felix Ratjen Source Type: research
Thoracic lymphadenopathy in benign diseases: a state of the art review
Lymphadenopathy is a common radiological finding in many thoracic diseases and may be caused by a variety of infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. This review aims to describe the patterns of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy found in benign diseases in immunocompetent patients. Computed tomography is the method of choice for the evaluation of lymphadenopathy, as it is able to demonstrate increased size of individual nodes, abnormalities of the interface between the mediastinum and lung, invasion of surrounding fat, coalescence of adjacent nodes, obliteration of the mediastinal fat, and hypo- and hyperde...
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Carlos Schüler Nin, Vinícius Valério Silveira de Souza, Ricardo Holderbaum do Amaral, Roberto Schuhmacher Neto, Giordano Rafael Tronco Alves, Edson Marchiori, Klaus Loureiro Irion, Fernanda Balbinot, Gustavo de Souza Portes Meirelles, Pablo Santana, An Tags: Review article Source Type: research
The potential of methylxanthine-based therapies in pediatric respiratory tract diseases
Caffeine, theophylline and theobromine are the most known methylxanthines as they are present in coffee, tea and/or chocolate. In the last decades, a huge experimental effort has been devoted to get insight into the variety of actions that these compounds exert in humans. From such knowledge it is known that methylxanthines have a great potential in prevention, therapy and/or management of a variety of diseases. The benefits of methylxanthine-based therapies in the apnea of prematurity and their translational potential in pediatric affections of the respiratory tract are here presented. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ainhoa Oñatibia-Astibia, Eva Martínez-Pinilla, Rafael Franco Tags: Review article Source Type: research
Acknowledgement of Reviewers 2015
Research journals could not exist without the generous support from scientists willing to be peer reviewers. Respiratory Medicine gratefully acknowledges the time and effort contributed by the following experts, for refereeing the work of their fellow researchers during 2015. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - February 1, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
The generalizability of bronchiectasis randomized controlled trials: A multicentre cohort study
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for bronchiectasis have experienced difficulties with recruitment and in reaching their efficacy end-points. To estimate the generalizability of such studies we applied the eligibility criteria for major RCTs in bronchiectasis to 6 representative observational European Bronchiectasis cohorts. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 29, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: James D. Chalmers, Melissa J. McDonnell, Robert Rutherford, John Davidson, Simon Finch, Megan Crichton, Lieven Dupont, Adam T. Hill, Thomas C. Fardon, Anthony De Soyza, Stefano Aliberti, Pieter Goeminne Source Type: research
Glucose tolerance and cardiovascular risk biomarkers in non-diabetic non-obese obstructive sleep apnea patients: effects of long-term continuous positive airway pressure
Insulin resistance, glucose dyshomeostasis and oxidative stress are associated to the cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The effects of a long-term continuous positive airway pressure (LT-CPAP) treatment on such mechanisms still remain conflicting. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 27, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: D. Monneret, R. Tamisier, V. Ducros, P. Faure, S. Halimi, J.P. Baguet, P. Lévy, J.L. Pépin, A.L. Borel Source Type: research
Validity of transcutaneous PCO in monitoring chronic hypoventilation treated with non-invasive ventilation
With the device tested, in stable patients under NIV treatment for CRF, PtcCO2 accurately reflects PaCO2. PtcCO2 can be used to monitor CO2 overnight during NIV without any clinically significant drift.Trial registration N° NCT01845233 (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 27, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sigurd Aarrestad, Elin Tollefsen, Anne Louise Kleiven, Magnus Qvarfort, Jean-Paul Janssens, Ole Henning Skjønsberg Source Type: research
Lung density associates with survival in Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficient patients
CT density correlates with quality of life (QOL) scores and impaired upper zone lung density associates with higher mortality in alpha one antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD). We hypothesised that decline in CT densitometry would relate to survival or deterioration in QOL in A1ATD. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 22, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: C.E. Green, D.G. Parr, R.G. Edgar, R.A. Stockley, A.M. Turner Source Type: research
The effect of an oral anti-oxidant, N-Acetyl-cysteine, on inflammatory and oxidative markers in pulmonary sarcoidosis
Oxidative stress (OS) has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis and previous studies have shown that anti-oxidants can reduce markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the peripheral blood of sarcoidosis subjects. We investigated the effect of N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the lungs of sarcoidosis patients. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 22, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nabeel Hamzeh, Li Li, Briana Barkes, Jie Huang, Beth Canono, May Gillespie, Lisa Maier, Brian Day Source Type: research
Bronchodilator response as a marker of poor asthma control
Asthma control inversely correlated with bronchodilator response in patients regularly treated according to guidelines. This was confirmed both in patients with bronchial obstruction than in those with normal spirometry. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 22, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Enrico Heffler, Claudia Crimi, Raffaele Campisi, Stefania Sichili, Giuliana Nicolosi, Morena Porto, Rossella Intravaia, Maria Eva Sberna, Maria Teresa Liuzzo, Nunzio Crimi Source Type: research
Relationship between blood eosinophils and clinical characteristics in a cross-sectional study of a US population-based COPD cohort
In this large US-based cohort, Eos >2% was prevalent in participants with COPD and normal lung function. Among participants with COPD, Eos >2% was associated with specific characteristics including lower rates of some co-morbidities; however, the clinical implications and relationships between Eos levels, COPD mechanisms, and risk of outcomes require further evaluation. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)
Source: Respiratory Medicine CME - January 22, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rachael L. DiSantostefano, David Hinds, Hoa Van Le, Neil C. Barnes Source Type: research
