Effects of a Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System on the Expression of Steroid Receptor Coregulators in Adenomyosis
This study was designed to compare the expression levels of steroid receptor coregulators in human endometrium of control and participants with adenomyosis and to determine whether LNG-IUS modulated their expression. Immunohistochemistry with H-scores was performed. Steroid receptor coactivators were shown to have significantly decreased expressions at the secretory phase in the LNG-IUS group when compared to the other groups. Expression of transcriptional intermediary factor 2 was lower in the LNG-IUS group than in both the control group (P = .015) and the untreated adenomyosis group (P = .019) during the secretory phase....
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yun, B. H., Jeon, Y. E., Seo, S. K., Park, J. H., Yoon, S. O., Cho, S., Choi, Y. S., Lee, B. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Effects of Heme Oxygenase By-Products on the Proliferation and Invasion of HUVECs, HTR-8/SVneo Cells, 3A(tPA 30-1) Cells, and HESCs Under Varying Oxygen Concentrations
Conclusion:
Our data suggest that HO by-products differentially stimulate the proliferation and invasion of cells involved in pregnancy maintenance. When HO by-products are considered to be stimulants during the invasion and proliferation of such cells, both target cells and the gestational period should be considered. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ha, J. G., Li, L., Lee, D. h., Na, S. h., Ha, K. S., Kim, Y.-M., Ko, J. H., Hwang, J. Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Stage- and Cell Type-Specific Localization of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein in Rat Ovaries
Premutations of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene are associated with increased risk of primary ovarian insufficiency. Here we examined the localization of the Fmr1 gene protein product, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), in rat ovaries at different stages, including fetus, neonate, and old age. In ovaries dissected from 19 days postcoitum embryos, the germ cells were divided into 2 types: one with decondensed chromatin in the nucleus was FMRP positive in the cytoplasm, but the other with strongly condensed chromatin in the nucleus was FMRP negative in the cytoplasm. The FMRP was predominantly locali...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Takahashi, N., Tarumi, W., Itoh, M. T., Ishizuka, B. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Ulipristal Acetate Antagonizes the Inhibitory Effect of Progesterone on Ciliary Beat Frequency and Upregulates Steroid Receptor Expression Levels in Human Fallopian Tubes
Ulipristal acetate (UPA) is a new selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator used for emergency contraception. However, our understanding of its mechanisms of action on oviductal cilia is limited. The present study focused on the in vitro effects of UPA (0.1, 1, and 10 μmol/L) on the cilia and steroid receptors of human fallopian tubes. The ciliary beat frequency (CBF), the ultrastructure of cilia, and the levels of steroid receptors were measured. The effects of UPA on the progesterone-induced CBF reduction were also studied. Our results show that UPA dose dependently antagonizes the progesterone-induced CBF decrea...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yuan, J., Zhao, W., Yan, M., Zhu, Q., Qin, G., Qiu, J., Zhang, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Human Papillomavirus Test for Triage of Japanese Women With Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
We evaluated high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA testing for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions by cobas HPV test and diagnostic HPV16/18 genotyping in Japanese women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Of 357 patients, HR-HPV positivity prevalence was 75.6%, and 21.3% had grade 2 or higher CIN lesions (CIN2+), with the highest prevalence at 30 to 34 years. Negative predictive values of HR-HPV for CIN2+ in our patients were 93.1% (any age) and 94.9% (40-50 years). Absolute risk for CIN2+ in HR-HPV positive and HPV16/18 positive individuals was 25.9 and 35.1, respectively. Relat...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Iwata, T., Hasegawa, T., Ochiai, K., Takizawa, K., Umezawa, S., Kuramoto, H., Ohmura, M., Kubushiro, K., Arai, H., Sakamoto, M., Motoyama, T., Watanabe, K., Aoki, D. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Dysregulation of Lysyl Oxidase Expression in Lesions and Endometrium of Women With Endometriosis
Conclusions:
This study documents that expression of LOX is differentially regulated in endometriotic lesions and endometrium. A role for LOX in mediating proliferation, migration, and invasion of endometrial and endometriotic cells was observed, which may be implicated in the establishment and progression of endometriotic lesions. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ruiz, L. A., Baez-Vega, P. M., Ruiz, A., Peterse, D. P., Monteiro, J. B., Bracero, N., Beauchamp, P., Fazleabas, A. T., Flores, I. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
GDM Alters Expression of Placental Estrogen Receptor {alpha} in a Cell Type and Gender-Specific Manner
Conclusion:
Gestational diabetes mellitus affects expression of placental ERα in a cell type-dependent way, on epigenetic level. These data link GDM with epigenetic deregulations of ERα expression and open new insights into the intrauterine programming hypothesis of GDM. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Knabl, J., Hiden, U., Hüttenbrenner, R., Riedel, C., Hutter, S., Kirn, V., Günthner-Biller, M., Desoye, G., Kainer, F., Jeschke, U. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Potential Therapy for Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infections With Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
The scientific evidence suggests that Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infects human fallopian tubes by molecular mimicry in which pathogens act like a ligand to bind to epithelial cell surface human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)/luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors. The hCG-like molecule has been identified as ribosomal protein L12 in NG coat surface. Human fallopian tube epithelial cells have been shown to contain functional hCG/LH receptors. As previously shown in human fallopian tube organ and cell culture studies, cellular invasion and infection can be prevented by exposing the cells to excess hCG, which would outnumber and o...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Rao, C. V. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Involvement of miRNAs and Cell-Secreted Vesicles in Mammalian Ovarian Antral Follicle Development
Ovarian follicular development is a controlled series of events culminating with an ovulatory or atretic follicle. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in translational regulation of genes in different developmental processes. Deletion of Dicer in mice ovaries demonstrated the importance of miRNAs in reproduction, which led to infertility. The miRNAs were thought to act only within host cells; however, these molecules are also present in cell-secreted vesicles. These vesicles are present in body fluids such as milk, serum, and ovarian follicular fluid. Vesicles are secreted in extracellular fluids and trave...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: da Silveira, J. C., de Andrade, G. M., Nogueira, M. F. G., Meirelles, F. V., Perecin, F. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
In the Spotlight
(Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - November 13, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Maduro, M. R. Tags: In the Spotlight Source Type: research
Expression of Interferon {gamma} by Decidual Cells and Natural Killer Cells at the Human Implantation Site: Implications for Preeclampsia, Spontaneous Abortion, and Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Human first-trimester decidual cells (FTDCs) chemoattract CXCR3-expressing circulating CD56brightCD16– natural killer (NK) cells, which increase uteroplacental blood flow by remodeling spiral arteries and arterioles. This recruitment reflects elevated FTDC expression of NK cell-recruiting induced protein 10 and interferon (IFN)-inducible T-cell-α chemoattractant produced in response to the synergistic effects of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IFN- stimulation. Decidual macrophages express TNF-α, whereas the cellular origin of IFN- is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to identify the cel...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - October 11, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen, C.-P., Piao, L., Chen, X., Yu, J., Masch, R., Schatz, F., Lockwood, C. J., Huang, S. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Higher SOD1 Gene Expression in Cumulus Cells From Infertile Women With Moderate and Severe Endometriosis
It is questioned whether worsening of oocyte quality and oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the pathogenesis of infertility related to endometriosis and in compromised intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. Cumulus cells (CCs) protect oocytes from entering apoptosis induced by OS. Thus, we carried out a case–control study comparing expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4; genes encoding for the main antioxidant enzymes) in CCs from mature oocytes of 26 infertile patients with minimal/mild endometriosis, 14 patients with moderate/seve...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - October 11, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Donabela, F. C., Meola, J., Padovan, C. C., de Paz, C. C. P., Navarro, P. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Effects of Pazopanib, Sunitinib, and Sorafenib, Anti-VEGF Agents, on the Growth of Experimental Endometriosis in Rats
We aimed to compare the effects of pazopanib, sunitinib, and sorafenib on endometriotic tissue morphology and histological characteristics as well as ovarian reserve in a rat model. Experimental endometriosis was established in 32 rats. They were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 rats for each group) to administer study drugs: pazopanib, sunitinib, sorafenib, and normal saline. Histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining to determine endometriosis score and immunostaining with primary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD117, and Bax antibodies were performed. Bilateral ovaries excised to determine...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - October 11, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yildiz, C., Kacan, T., Akkar, O. B., Karakus, S., Kacan, S. B., Ozer, H., Cetin, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
17{beta}-Estradiol Induces Overproliferation in Adenomyotic Human Uterine Smooth Muscle Cells of the Junctional Zone Through Hyperactivation of the Estrogen Receptor-Enhanced RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway
Adenomyosis (ADS) is a common estrogen-dependent gynecological disease with unknown etiology. Recent models favor abnormal thickening of the junctional zone (JZ) may be the causative factor in the development of ADS. RhoA, a small guanosine triphosphatase which controls multiple cellular processes, is involved in the control of cell proliferation. Here we demonstrate that treatment of human uterine smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the JZ with 17β-estradiol (E2) increased expression of RhoA and its downstream effectors (-associated coiled coil containing protein kinase [ROCK] 1 and ROCK2). Compared with non-ADS cells, Rho...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - October 11, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sun, F.-Q., Duan, H., Wang, S., Li, J.-J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Effects of Maternal and Fetal Characteristics on Cell-Free Fetal DNA Fraction in Maternal Plasma
Conclusion:
The fetal fraction was affected by fetal aneuploidy, maternal BMI, and the number of gestation. Maternal preexisting of hypertension appeared to reduce fetal fraction. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - October 11, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhou, Y., Zhu, Z., Gao, Y., Yuan, Y., Guo, Y., Zhou, L., Liao, K., Wang, J., Du, B., Hou, Y., Chen, Z., Chen, F., Zhang, H., Yu, C., Zhao, L., Lau, T. K., Jiang, F., Wang, W. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
