In Vivo Evidence of the Androgen Receptor in Association With Myometrial Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis
Conclusion:
These results suggest that AR is an important regulator of myometrial growth in vivo during pregnancy and in leiomyoma. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lan, M., Li, H., Bao, L., Li, M., Lye, S., Dong, X. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Intrauterine Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Chorioamnionitis in a Sheep: Does It Affect the Auditory System?
Conclusion:
Our study confirms the hypothesis that an intrauterine inflammation by LPS can result in a fetal perilymphatic inflammatory response and functional impaired hearing outcomes after birth in a sheep model. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Smit, A. L., Lambermont, V. A., Stokroos, R. J., Anteunis, L. J. C., Chenault, M. N., Schaefer, S. M., Schoenmakers, L. W. G., Kremer, B., Kramer, B. W. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Apoptosis in the Ovine Fetal Brain Following Placental Embolization and Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion
The purpose of this study was to compare the regional distribution of apoptotic cells in the near term ovine fetal brain caused by prolonged moderate hypoxia, as seen in placental insufficiency, and intermittent severe hypoxia, as seen in umbilical cord compression, which may then contribute to adverse neurodevelopment in the postnatal life. We hypothesized that apoptosis in the fetal brain will be increased in response to both prolonged moderate hypoxia and intermittent severe hypoxia. Twenty-one near term (126-127 days) sheep were divided into 3 groups: control (CON; n = 7), placental embolization (EMB; n = 7), and umbil...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Aksoy, T., Richardson, B. S., Han, V. K., Gagnon, R. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Increased Expression of Interleukin 37 in the Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Patients With Ovarian Endometriosis
Conclusion:
These findings suggest that increased expression of IL-37 was present in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with ovarian endometriosis, which might be involved in the inflammatory process of endometriomas. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jiang, J.-F., Deng, Y., Xue, W., Zheng, T.-P., Sun, A.-J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Endometrial Scratch Injury Induces Higher Pregnancy Rate for Women With Unexplained Infertility Undergoing IUI With Ovarian Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusion:
The ESI significantly improves the outcome of IUI in women with unexplained infertility especially when conducted 1 month prior to IUI. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Maged, A. M., Al-Inany, H., Salama, K. M., Souidan, I. I., Abo Ragab, H. M., Elnassery, N. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Effect of Body Mass Index on Pelvic Floor Support 1 Year Postpartum
This study investigated the effect of peripartum BMI on pelvic floor support 1 year postpartum (PP1y). One hundred eight nulliparous women had their BMI recorded and underwent POP assessments using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System at baseline, third trimester (36th to 38th week of pregnancy [G36-38w]), and PP1y. Pelvic organ prolapse was defined as ≥stage II. Women gained on average 1.9 kg between baseline and PP1y. After adjustment, increasing BMI PP1y was associated with increasing anterior wall descent (P < .0001) and higher odds of having POP PP1y (odds ratio: 1.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1....
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen, Y., Johnson, B., Li, F., King, W. C., Connell, K. A., Guess, M. K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) A3302G Mutation may be Associated With Insulin Resistance in Woman With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with insulin resistance (IR), and to explore the possible maternally effects on PCOS. We performed clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of a Han Chinese family with maternally inherited IR, and we further investigated the possible relationship between mitochondrial genetic background, copy number, and IR. Most strikingly, members from the first and second generation of this family exhibited the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with IR, while the member in the third generation of this fami...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ding, Y., Zhuo, G., Zhang, C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Maternal Nutrient Restriction in Guinea Pigs as an Animal Model for Inducing Fetal Growth Restriction
We determined the impact of moderate maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) in guinea pigs on pregnancy outcomes, maternal/fetal growth parameters, and blood analytes to further characterize the utility of this model for inducing fetal growth restriction (FGR). Thirty guinea pig sows were fed ad libitum (Control) or 70% of the control diet prepregnant switching to 90% at midpregnancy (MNR). Animals were necropsied near term with weights obtained on all sows, fetuses, and placenta. Fetal blood sampling and organ dissection were undertaken in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses from Control litters and FGR fetuses fro...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Elias, A. A., Ghaly, A., Matushewski, B., Regnault, T. R. H., Richardson, B. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Levels of Regulatory Proteins Associated With Cell Proliferation in Endometria From Untreated Patients Having Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome With and Without Endometrial Hyperplasia
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been associated with endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. The aim of this study was to establish whether the expression of proliferation regulatory proteins in the endometria of patients having PCOS, with or without hyperplasia, differs from control women. Control endometria (CE), patients having PCOS without and with endometrial hyperplasia (PCOSE and HPCOSE, respectively), and that of women with endometrial hyperplasia (HE) were used. The phosphorylated estrogen receptor form (pERα), similar to mother against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 2, SMAD3, and SMAD4, vascular epithelial growt...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bacallao, K., Plaza-Parrochia, F., Cerda, A., Gabler, F., Romero, C., Vantman, D., Vega, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Sex-Specific Changes in Renal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity at Birth and Over the First Year of Life
Conclusion:
There are sex-related differences in the development of renal-converting enzyme activities that may have functional implications in terms of the regulation of blood pressure and renal function in men and women. The difference in the patterns of gene expression and enzyme activity indicates that changes in gene expression may not accurately reflect changes in activity. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen, K., Bi, J., Su, Y., Chappell, M. C., Rose, J. C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Negative Effects of SRD5A1 on Nuclear Activity of Progesterone Receptor Isoform B in JEG3 Cells
This study aims to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying progesterone withdrawal during pregnancy and labor. We investigated the role of 5α-reductase type I (SRD5A1) in enzymatic catalysis of progesterone and loss of PR function in a human trophoblast choriocarcinoma cell line JEG3. The PR isoform B (PR-B) was robustly expressed in JEG3 cells. The SRD5A1 small-interfering RNA knockdown led to significant increase in PR-B nuclear import, ectopic, whereas SRD5A1 overexpression resulted in remarkable inhibition of nuclear PR-B in P4-treated cells. Repression of SRD5A1 activated PR-B responsive gene, whereas overex...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Miao, Z., Sun, M., Jiang, F., Yao, Y., Li, Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Endometriosis Located Proximal to or Remote From the Uterus Differentially Affects Uterine Gene Expression
The mechanisms that lead to the altered uterine gene expression in women with endometriosis are poorly understood. Are these changes in gene expression mediated by proximity to endometriotic lesions or is endometriosis a systemic disease where the effect is independent of proximity to the uterus? To answer this question, we created endometriosis in a murine model either in the peritoneal cavity (proximal) or at a subcutaneous remote site (distal). The expression of several genes that are involved in endometrial receptivity (homeobox A10 [Hoxa10], homeobox A11 [Hoxa11], insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 [Igfbp1],...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Naqvi, H., Mamillapalli, R., Krikun, G., Taylor, H. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Maternal Obesity, Cage Density, and Age Contribute to Prostate Hyperplasia in Mice
Identification of modifiable risk factors is gravely needed to prevent adverse prostate health outcomes. We previously developed a murine precancer model in which exposure to maternal obesity stimulated prostate hyperplasia in offspring. Here, we used generalized linear modeling to evaluate the influence of additional environmental covariates on prostate hyperplasia. As expected from our previous work, the model revealed that aging and maternal diet-induced obesity (DIO) each correlated with prostate hyperplasia. However, prostate hyperplasia was not correlated with the length of maternal DIO. Cage density positively assoc...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Benesh, E. C., Gill, J., Lamb, L. E., Moley, K. H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Mechanism and Function of Epigenetics in Uterine Leiomyoma Development
Uterine leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are the most common pelvic tumors, occurring in nearly 70% of all reproductive-aged women and are the leading indication for hysterectomy worldwide. The development of uterine leiomyomas involve a complex and heterogeneous constellation of hormones, growth factors, stem cells, genetic, and epigenetic abnormalities. An increasing body of evidence emphasizes the important contribution of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of leiomyomas. Genome-wide methylation analysis demonstrates that a subset of estrogen receptor (ER) response genes exhibit abnormal hypermethylation levels ...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yang, Q., Mas, A., Diamond, M. P., Al-Hendy, A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Expression of DROSHA in the Uterus of Mice in Early Pregnancy and Its Potential Significance During Embryo Implantation
Previous studies have shown that microRNAs are involved in the process of implantation. They play an important role in cell growth and proliferation. DROSHA is the microRNA-processing enzyme and is required for the maturation of microRNAs. However, its expression and function during early pregnancy in mice still remain unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the expression pattern of DROSHA in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, artificially induced decidualization, and in the ovariectomized mouse uterus using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting analyses, and immunohi...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang, C., Long, X., Ding, Y., Chen, X., He, J., Liu, S., Geng, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, X. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
