In the Spotlight
(Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - January 11, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Maduro, M. R. Tags: In the Spotlight Source Type: research
RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptome Analysis of Changes in Gene Expression Linked to Human Pregnancy Outcome After In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer
To promote the pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF-ET), we proposed to examine the differentially expressed gene during pregnancy success and failure. We used high-sequencing technology to characterize and compare the gene expression profiles of pregnancy success and pregnancy failure patients during 3 different stages: before IVF-ET (stage I), after ovarian stimulation (stage II), and day 15 after embryo transfer (stage III). Selected data from RNA-sequencing experiments were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 282, 208, and 372 genes in stage...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang, R., Yu, C., Wu, R., Zhang, L., Zhu, L., Xu, A., Wang, C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Cytokine Profiling in the Eutopic Endometrium of Adenomyosis During the Implantation Window After Ovarian Stimulation
In conclusion, within the implantation window of ovarian stimulation cycles, macrophages, IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1 are expressed differently in the endometrium of women with adenomyosis, which may correlate with compromised endometrium receptivity. We postulated that cytokines of endometrial secretions expressed differently in patients with adenomyosis may contribute to impaired endometrium receptivity in these patients. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhihong, N., Yun, F., Pinggui, Z., Sulian, Z., Zhang, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Agonist-Dependent Downregulation of Progesterone Receptors in Human Cervical Stromal Fibroblasts
Progesterone (P4) maintains uterine quiescence during the majority of pregnancy, whereas diminished progesterone receptor (PR) expression and/or activity (ie, functional P4 withdrawal) promotes parturition. To investigate the regulation of PR expression in cervical stroma, fibroblasts from premenopausal hysterectomy specimens were prepared. Greater than 99% of the cultures were vimentin positive (mesenchymal cell marker) with only occasional cytokeratin-8 positivity (epithelial cell marker) and no evidence of CD31-positive (endothelial cell marker) cells. Cells were immunolabeled with antibodies directed against PRs (PR-A ...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ackerman, W. E., Summerfield, T. L., Mesiano, S., Schatz, F., Lockwood, C. J., Kniss, D. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Differing In Vitro Potencies of Tocolytics and Progesterone in Myometrium From Singleton and Twin Pregnancies
We compared the relaxant effect of 2 known tocolytics; indomethacin and atosiban and progesterone, on pregnant human myometrial spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions from singleton and twin pregnancies. All agents exerted a concentration-dependent relaxant effect on myometrial contractions. There was no significant difference in the concentration–response curves between singletons and twins for progesterone or indomethacin on spontaneous contractions or atosiban on oxytocin-induced contraction. Under oxytocin however, the concentration–response curves for indomethacin and progesterone were significantly...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Arrowsmith, S., Neilson, J., Bricker, L., Wray, S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Mode of Delivery in Stillbirth, 1995-2004
Conclusion:
This analysis indicates that the cesarean delivery rates increased both in liveborn and in stillbirth from 1995 to 2004. This epidemiological observation deserves new clinical investigations to understand the clinical reasons, driving this obstetrical practice and the financial and societal impact that it portends. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Stefano, V. D., Santolaya-Forgas, J., Faro, R., Duzyj, C., Oyelese, Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Impaired Development of Early Endometriotic Lesions in CD44 Knockout Mice
Previous studies have shown endometrial cell (EC) CD44 and peritoneal mesothelial cell (PMC)-associated hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid [HA]) are involved in the attachment of endometrial stroma and epithelial cells to peritoneal mesothelium. Here we assess the CD44–HA interaction in the formation of the early endometriotic lesion using CD44–/– (knockout) mice. Using an established murine model and crossover technique, endometrial tissue from donor mice (wild type [WT] and CD44–/–) was used to induce endometriosis in recipient mice (WT and CD44–/–). Endometriotic lesions were visualize...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Knudtson, J. F., Tekmal, R. R., Santos, M. T., Binkley, P. A., Krishnegowda, N., Valente, P., Schenken, R. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Fas and Fas-Ligand in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Women With Endometriosis: The Possible Immune Privilege of Ectopic Endometrium
The Fas/Fas-Ligand system is an important mediator of apoptosis. We analyzed their expression in tissue specimens obtained from 33 women with severe endometriosis and 18 women without endometriosis. Immunostaining for Fas-Ligand in the eutopic endometrium was stronger in the epithelial cells of secretory phase, while the epithelial cells of endometriotic lesions showed a significantly stronger staining for Fas-Ligand independently from the menstrual phase (P < 0.01). Immunostaining for Fas in the eutopic endometrium showed a reduced staining during the proliferative phase, whereas it was strong in the secretory phase. T...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sbracia, M., Valeri, C., Antonini, G., Biagiotti, G., Pacchiarotti, A., Pacchiarotti, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern and Fetal Membrane Vascular Injury and Collagen Disorganization in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intra-amniotic Inflammation in Fetal Sheep
Conclusions:
Intrauterine inflammation induced early increases in HMGB1 in the chorioamnion with a concomitant vascular injury followed by chorion arteriolar hypertrophy. There was nonhomogeneous collagen expression in the chorioamnion. These results have implications for understanding the pathogenesis of IA inflammation-induced preterm rupture of membranes. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Regan, J. K., Kannan, P. S., Kemp, M. W., Kramer, B. W., Newnham, J. P., Jobe, A. H., Kallapur, S. G. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Serum Stem Cell Factor Assay in Elderly Poor Responder Patients Undergoing IVF: A New Biomarker to Customize Follicle Aspiration Cycle by Cycle
In humans, stem cell factor (SCF), produced during follicular phase, may reflect a successful stimulation and oocyte maturation and so it may be a predictor of in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. An observational cohort study was conducted on 37 poor responders scheduled for fresh nondonor IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment with standard controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) using recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH; S-COS group). A total of 35 women received a second treatment using both rFSH and recombinant luteinizing hormone (rLH; LH-COS group). From 144 samples collected at pickup day, serum co...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gizzo, S., Quaranta, M., Andrisani, A., Bordin, L., Vitagliano, A., Esposito, F., Venturella, R., Zicchina, C., Gangemi, M., Noventa, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Effect of Exogenous Anti-Müllerian Hormone Treatment on Cryopreserved and Transplanted Mouse Ovaries
Follicle loss occurs after ovary cryopreservation and transplantation. To preserve the follicle pool of cryopreserved or grafted ovaries, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which inhibits ovarian follicle recruitment, was used in a mouse model. In experiment 1, ovaries were vitrified warmed with different doses of AMH (0, 5, 15, or 45 μg/mL) supplementation. In experiment 2, AMH (0, 50, 250, and 1250 μg/mL) was injected into mice before and/or after cryopreserved ovary autotransplantation, and the recipients remained for 7 or 28 days after grafting. Ovaries were evaluated by follicle morphology, density, and apopt...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kong, H. S., Kim, S. K., Lee, J., Youm, H. W., Lee, J. R., Suh, C. S., Kim, S. H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Hypertension in an Animal Model of HELLP Syndrome is Associated With Activation of Endothelin 1
Women with hypertensive forms of pregnancy such as hemolysis–elevated liver enzymes–low platelet syndrome have increased circulating endothelin 1; however, the relationship between hypertension and endothelin 1 has not been studied. Using an animal model, we sought to determine whether there was an increased activation/dysfunction of endothelin 1, the effect of endothelin 1 receptor-A blockade on hypertension and other manifestations of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome. On gestational day 12, timed-pregnant rats were infused with soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and solub...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Morris, R., Spencer, S.-K., Kyle, P. B., Williams, J. M., Harris, A., Owens, M. Y., Wallace, K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Expression of Endometrial Receptivity Genes Increase After Myomectomy of Intramural Leiomyomas not Distorting the Endometrial Cavity
This study was designed to investigate whether endometrial receptivity genes are altered in infertile patients with intramural leiomyomas (IM) not distorting the endometrial cavity undergoing myomectomy. We measured endometrial HOXA-10, HOXA-11, LIF, ITGB3, and ITGAV messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions levels before and after myomectomy/metroplasty during mid-luteal phase in participants with IM, submucosal leiomyomas (SM), and septate uterus and fertile participants without fibroids. Initial endometrial sampling was obtained at the time of surgery, and second sampling was obtained 3 months after myomectomy/metroplasty. Expre...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Unlu, C., Celik, O., Celik, N., Otlu, B. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Promoter Hypermethylation of FANCF and Susceptibility and Prognosis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Conclusion:
CpG island methylation of FANCF gene promoter region is strongly associated with the susceptibility and clinicopathologic features of EOC. The FIGO staging and FANCF methylation are independent risk factors for EOC prognosis. (Source: Reproductive Sciences)
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ding, J.-J., Wang, G., Shi, W.-X., Zhou, H.-H., Zhao, E.-F. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Bentamapimod (JNK Inhibitor AS602801) Induces Regression of Endometriotic Lesions in Animal Models
This study evaluated an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, bentamapimod (AS602801), which interrupts immune pathways, in 2 rodent endometriosis models. Treatment of nude mice bearing xenografts biopsied from women with endometriosis (BWE) with 30 mg/kg AS602801 caused 29% regression of lesion. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or progesterone (PR) alone did not cause regression of BWE lesions, but combining 10 mg/kg AS602801 with MPA caused 38% lesion regression. In human endometrial organ cultures (from healthy women), treatment with AS602801 or MPA reduced matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) release into culture medium...
Source: Reproductive Sciences - December 14, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Palmer, S. S., Altan, M., Denis, D., Tos, E. G., Gotteland, J.-P., Osteen, K. G., Bruner-Tran, K. L., Nataraja, S. G. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
