Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Food and Drug Administration Regulation of Drugs That Raise Blood Pressure
Although it is recognized that a systolic blood pressure (SBP) increase ≥2 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increase ≥1 mm Hg increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes in middle-aged adults, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lacks an adequate policy for regulating medications that increase blood pressure (BP). Some FDA reviewers consider a clinically significant increase in BP to occur only if a drug raises SBP ≥20 mm Hg or if a drug raises DBP ≥10 to 15 mm Hg. In recent years, numerous drugs have been regulated or taken off the market due to cardiovascular safety concerns. The list includes...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Blankfield, R. P., Iftikhar, I. H. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Endothelial Insulin Resistance Protects the Heart Against Prolonged Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury But Does Not Prevent Insulin Transport Across the Endothelium in a Mouse Langendorff Model
Conclusion: (1) Insulin at pharmacologic concentrations can be transported across the endothelium independent of vascular insulin receptors and (2) vascular insulin resistance and/or endothelial dysfunction are protective against prolonged IR injury in the Langendorff model. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sharma, V., Kearney, M. T., Davidson, S. M., Yellon, D. M. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Investigating Mitochondrial Metabolism in Contracting HL-1 Cardiomyocytes Following Hypoxia and Pharmacological HIF Activation Identifies HIF-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms of Regulation
In conclusion, 24 hours of hypoxia increased anaerobic glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial respiration, which was associated with changes in ETC and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities in contracting HL-1 cells. Pharmacological HIF activation in this cardiac cell line allowed both HIF-dependent and independent mitochondrial metabolic changes to be identified. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ambrose, L. J. A., Abd-Jamil, A. H., Gomes, R. S. M., Carter, E. E., Carr, C. A., Clarke, K., Heather, L. C. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Combined Remote Perconditioning and Postconditioning Failed to Attenuate Infarct Size and Contractile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Coronary Artery Occlusion
Conclusion: This study shows that remote perconditioning and postconditioning alone or combined neither improve hemodynamics nor reduce infarct size in the rat model of MI. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sachdeva, J., Dai, W., Gerczuk, P. Z., Kloner, R. A. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Delayed Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Produces an Additive Cardioprotection to Sevoflurane Postconditioning Through an Enhanced Heme Oxygenase 1 Level Partly Via Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Nuclear Translocation
Although both sevoflurane postconditioning (SPoC) and delayed remote ischemic preconditioning (DRIPC) have been proved effective in various animal and human studies, the combined effect of these 2 strategies remains unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate this effect and elucidate the related signal mechanisms in a Langendorff perfused rat heart model. After 30-minute balanced perfusion, isolated hearts were subjected to 30-minute ischemia followed by 60-minute reperfusion except 90-minute perfusion for control. A synergic cardioprotective effect of SPoC (3% v/v) and DRIPC (4 cycles 5-minute occlusion/5-...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhou, C., Li, H., Yao, Y., Li, L. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Conversion From Sildenafil to Tadalafil: Results From the Sildenafil to Tadalafil in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (SITAR) Study
Conclusions: Transition of patients from sildenafil to tadalafil was usually well tolerated, with improved convenience and may enhance treatment satisfaction. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frantz, R. P., Durst, L., Burger, C. D., Oudiz, R. J., Bourge, R. C., Franco, V., Waxman, A. B., McDevitt, S., Walker, S. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Lipids, Safety Parameters, and Drug Concentrations After an Additional 2 Years of Treatment With Anacetrapib in the DEFINE Study
In conclusion, an additional 2 years of treatment with anacetrapib were well tolerated with durable lipid-modifying effects on LDL-C and HDL-C. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gotto, A. M., Kher, U., Chatterjee, M. S., Liu, Y., Li, X. S., Vaidya, S., Cannon, C. P., Brinton, E. A., Moon, J. E., Shah, S., Dansky, H. M., Mitchel, Y., Barter, P., the DEFINE Investigators Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Addressing Statin Adverse Effects in the Clinic: The 5 Ms
With the release of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults, emphasis has been placed on using evidence-based intensity of therapy to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, rather than focusing on goal cholesterol levels. Before initiating therapy, however, it is critical that physicians and patients discuss 4 key topics: (1) the benefit of ASCVD risk reduction, (2) medication adverse effects, (3) drug–drug interactions, and (4) patient preferences. To facil...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Katz, D. H., Intwala, S. S., Stone, N. J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

The Role of Rivaroxaban in Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndromes
Rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, is a novel oral anticoagulant approved for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and also approved in Europe (but not in the United States) to prevent recurrent ischemic events in patients with recent acute coronary syndromes. Advantages of rivaroxaban over oral anticoagulants such as warfarin are the lack of need for ongoing monitoring, a fixed-dose regimen, and fewer drug and food interactions. Drawbacks include a lack of an antidote and the absence of a widely available method to reliably monitor the anticoagulant effect. In patients at risk of stro...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Reddy, P., Giugliano, R. P. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Are There Any New Pharmacologic Therapies on the Horizon to Better Treat Hypertension? A State-of-the-Art Paper
Hypertension is the most important cardiovascular risk factor. We have witnessed a significant improvement in hypertension treatment and control and an impressive growth in the pharmacologic options available to clinicians and hypertension specialists. With up to a third of patients with hypertension not at the recommended goal blood pressures, it is critically important to develop novel therapeutic approaches to better treat hypertension. This review will explore the ever-expanding horizon of antihypertensive treatment and will focus on 2 major areas of drug development. First, we will review novel targets for pharmacolog...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Habib, G. B., Basra, S. S. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Calcium Channel Blockers in Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
This paper summarizes the pharmacological properties of calcium channel blockers (CCBs), their established therapeutic uses for cardiovascular disorders and the current improvement of their clinical effects through drug combinations. Their identification resulted from study of small molecules including coronary dilators, which were named calcium antagonists. Further experiments showed that they reduced contraction of arteries by inhibiting calcium entry and by interacting with binding sites identified on voltage-dependent calcium channels. This led to the denomination calcium channel blockers. In short-term studies, by dec...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Godfraind, T. Tags: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Core Review Source Type: research

A Novel Amiodarone-Eluting Biological Glue for Reducing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: First Animal Trial
Conclusions: Local alginate-based amiodarone delivery demonstrated an RAR frequency reduction of clinical importance in response to burst pacing. The electrophysiological response was achieved while maintaining below-detection systemic drug levels. Current findings may point to the system’s future applicability in reducing POAF risk in humans. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Beckerman, Z., Azran, A., Cohen, O., Nir, R.-R., Maessen, J. G., Bianco-Peled, H., Bolotin, G. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Injectable Collagen Implant Improves Survival, Cardiac Remodeling, and Function in the Early Period After Myocarditis in Rats
Conclusions: The present study shows, for the first time, that injectable collagen biomaterial improves survival and attenuates cardiac inflammation, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, LV remodeling, and dysfunction in the early period after myocarditis in rats. Our findings suggest a new biomaterial-based strategy to ameliorate the devastating effects of myocarditis. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rinkevich-Shop, S., Landa-Rouben, N., Epstein, F. H., Holbova, R., Feinberg, M. S., Goitein, O., Kushnir, T., Konen, E., Leor, J. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

The Beneficial Effects of Ranolazine on Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction Are Greater in Diabetic Than in Nondiabetic Rats
In conclusion, the beneficial effect of RAN on the recovery of cardiac function after MI was greater in DM rats. This response was associated with activation of Akt/mTOR and AMPK. These findings provide a plausible explanation for the results of the Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina (TERISA) trial, which showed a greater antianginal effect of RAN in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mourouzis, I., Mantzouratou, P., Galanopoulos, G., Kostakou, E., Dhalla, A. K., Belardinelli, L., Pantos, C. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Monitoring of Anti-Xa in Pregnant Patients With Mechanical Prosthetic Valves Receiving Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin: Peak or Trough Levels?
Conclusions: Anticoagulation with adjusted dose LMWH aimed to achieve guideline-recommended peak levels of anti-Xa for patients with MPHVs is commonly associated with subtherapeutic trough levels. Routine measurement of trough anti-Xa levels is therefore advisable in women with MPHV treated with LMWH during pregnancy to assure adequate level of anticoagulation. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Goland, S., Schwartzenberg, S., Fan, J., Kozak, N., Khatri, N., Elkayam, U. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research