Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Modification Following Atorvastatin is Bound to the Modification of the Oxidative Balance
Conclusions: In this preliminary study, a significant modification in CIMT was obtained with atorvastatin treatment only in those patients showing an improvement in the OB (OBRI > 0.8). (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Belcaro, G., Cornelli, U., Finco, A. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Vitamin D Receptor Genetics on Extracellular Matrix Biomarkers and Hemodynamics in Systolic Heart Failure
Conclusion: This study has shown that a biomarker for collagen type III synthesis, PIIINP, was associated with the CGA haplotype of BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms on the VDR. These findings suggest that VDR genetics may play a role in myocardial fibrosis in patients with systolic heart failure. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dorsch, M. P., Nemerovski, C. W., Ellingrod, V. L., Cowger, J. A., Dyke, D. B., Koelling, T. M., Wu, A. H., Aaronson, K. D., Simpson, R. U., Bleske, B. E. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Gene Therapy for Restoring Heart Rhythm
Efforts to use gene therapy to create a biological pacemaker as an adjunct or replacement of electronic pacemakers have been ongoing for about 15 years. For the past decade, most of these efforts have focused on the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated-(HCN) gene family of channels alone or in combination with other genes. The HCN gene family is the molecular correlate of the cardiac pacemaker current, If. It is a suitable basis for a biological pacemaker because it generates a depolarizing inward current primarily during diastole and is directly regulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), thereby in...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Boink, G. J. J., Robinson, R. B. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors and Ischemic Myocardial Injury
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events and patient death. Many animal and clinical studies are now being conducted exploring the potential of antidiabetic drugs such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors to improve cardiovascular outcomes. This review summarizes the effect of DPP-IV inhibitors on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in animal models. The DPP-IV inhibitors prevent the rapid degradation and inactivation of incretins and lead to the accumulation of GLP-1 and other chemokines and cytokines, which appear to have both GLP-1...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yoon, A. H., Ye, Y., Birnbaum, Y. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Edoxaban: Review of Pharmacology and Key Phase I to III Clinical Trials
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) remain the standard therapy for anticoagulation in prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and for the prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). Due to numerous limitations of VKAs, target-specific oral anticoagulants have been developed. Edoxaban is a direct activated factor X inhibitor with attractive features among which are once daily dosing, no need for routine monitoring, and minimal drug–drug interactions. In patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, edoxaban was superior to enoxaparin in preventing VTE. Furthermore, a recent large-scale phase III trial in pa...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Plitt, A., Giugliano, R. P. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Thinking Outside the Heart: Use of Engineered Cardiac Tissue for the Treatment of Chronic Deep Venous Insufficiency
This article considers the use of autologous stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as a novel means to aid venous return. The approach consists of creating external cuffs of engineered heart tissue around vein segments with incompetent or poorly competent valves. The engineered heart tissue cuff prevents distention of the impaired vein segments and aids unidirectional flow by its rhythmic contractions. There appear to be no fundamental limitations to this approach as feasibility of all of the individual components has already been shown. Here, we underline the clinical need for novel ways to treat chronic deep venous insufficie...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sarvazyan, N. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Cardiac Tissue Vascularization: From Angiogenesis to Microfluidic Blood Vessels
Myocardial infarction results from a blockage of a major coronary artery that shuts the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to a region of the myocardium, leading to massive cardiomyocytes death and regression of microvasculature. Growth factor and cell delivery methods have been attempted to revascularize the ischemic myocardium and prevent further cell death. Implantable cardiac tissue patches were engineered to directly revascularize as well as remuscularize the affected muscle. However, inadequate vascularization in vitro and in vivo limits the efficacy of these new treatment options. Breakthroughs in cardiac tissue vascu...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Montgomery, M., Zhang, B., Radisic, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Electrical Integration of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in a Guinea Pig Chronic Infarct Model
Conclusions: Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes engraft in chronically injured hearts without increasing the incidence of arrhythmias, but their electromechanical integration is more limited than previously reported following their transplantation in a subacute injury model. Moreover, non-CM grafts may promote arrhythmias under certain conditions, a finding that underscores the need for input preparations of high cardiac purity. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shiba, Y., Filice, D., Fernandes, S., Minami, E., Dupras, S. K., Biber, B. V., Trinh, P., Hirota, Y., Gold, J. D., Viswanathan, M., Laflamme, M. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tracking of Graft Survival in the Infarcted Heart: Iron Oxide Particles Versus Ferritin Overexpression Approach
The main objective of cell therapy is the regeneration of damaged tissues. To distinguish graft from host tissue by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a paramagnetic label must be introduced to cells prior to transplantation. The paramagnetic label can be either exogenous iron oxide nanoparticles or a genetic overexpression of ferritin, an endogenous iron storage protein. The purpose of this work was to compare the efficacy of these 2 methods for MRI evaluation of engrafted cell survival in the infarcted mouse heart. Mouse skeletal myoblasts were labeled either by cocultivation with iron oxide particles or by engineering th...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Naumova, A. V., Balu, N., Yarnykh, V. L., Reinecke, H., Murry, C. E., Yuan, C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Therapeutic Effect of Cell Transplantation Versus Noncellular Biomaterial Implantation on Cardiac Structure and Function Following Myocardial Infarction
Although numerous studies demonstrated that localized delivery of either cells or biomaterials improved postinfarction cardiac function, the underlying mechanisms for this effect remain unclear. We performed a comparison of the effects of fetal, neonatal, and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac cell as well as mesenchymal stem cell transplantation versus biomaterial (collagen/extracellular matrix) implantation therapy in rat myocardial infarction model in our laboratory, specifically comparing their effects on infarct wall thickness, neovascularization, infarct wall motion, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVE...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dai, W., Kay, G. L., Kloner, R. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Somatic Cell Reprogramming into Cardiovascular Lineages
Ischemic cardiac disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world. The inability of the adult mammalian heart to adequately repair itself has motivated stem cell researchers to explore various strategies to regenerate cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction. Over the past century, progressive gains in our knowledge about the cellular mechanisms governing fate determination have led to recent advances in cellular reprogramming. The identification of specific factors capable of inducing pluripotent phenotype in somatic cells as well as factors that can directly reprogram somatic cells into cardiomyocytes sugge...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chen, J. X., Plonowska, K., Wu, S. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Advancements in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology for Cardiac Regenerative Medicine
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Cellular-based cardiac regenerative therapy serves as a potential approach to treating cardiovascular diseases. Although various cellular types have been tested, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are regarded as a promising cell source for therapy. In this review, we will highlight some of the advances in generating iPSCs and differentiation to cardiac cells. We will also discuss the progress in modeling cardiovascular diseases using iPSCs-derived cardiac cells. As we continue to make progress in iPSC and cardiac diffe...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suh, C. Y., Wang, Z., Bartulos, O., Qyang, Y. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Introduction to JCPT Focused Issue on "Stem Cells and Cardiac Regenerative Medicine"
(Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Laflamme, M. Tags: Introduction Source Type: research

Reduction of Infarct Size by the Therapeutic Protein TAT-Ndi1 In Vivo
In this study, TAT-conjugated Ndi1 and placebo-control protein were synthesized using a cell-free system. Mitochondrial uptake and functionality of TAT-Ndi1 were demonstrated in mitochondrial preparations from rat hearts after intraperitoneal administration of the protein. Rats were randomized to receive either TAT-Ndi1 or placebo protein, and 2 hours later all animals underwent 45-minute coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Infarct size was delineated by tetrazolium staining and normalized to the volume of at-risk myocardium, with all analysis conducted in a blinded manner. Risk region was compara...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - April 16, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mentzer, R. M., Wider, J., Perry, C. N., Gottlieb, R. A. Tags: Experimental Study Source Type: research

The Use of Nitrates in the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Hospitalized After Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
In conclusion, the use of nitrates prior to PCI, particularly intravenous nitroglycerin infusion, may be associated with a decreased incidence of CIN. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - April 16, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Peguero, J. G., Cornielle, V., Gomez, S. I., Issa, O. M., Heimowitz, T. B., Santana, O., Goldszer, R. C., Lamas, G. A. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research