Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Therapeutic Role of Niacin in Dyslipidemia Management
There is abundant epidemiologic evidence to support the independent, inverse relationship between low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and incident cardiovascular (CV) risk, the clinical importance of which is underscored by the high prevalence of low HDL-C in populations with coronary heart disease (CHD), with or without elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The National Cholesterol Education Program recommended that optimal treatment for high-risk patients includes both lowering LDL-C and non-HDL-C to risk stratified levels and raising HDL-C when it is <40 mg/dL, althoug...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Boden, W. E., Sidhu, M. S., Toth, P. P. Tags: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Core Review Source Type: research

Reduction of Early Reperfusion Injury With the Mitochondria-Targeting Peptide Bendavia
In conclusion, Bendavia is a promising candidate to reduce cardiac injury when present at the onset of reperfusion but not after reperfusion has already commenced. Given that both infarction and no-reflow are related to increased cellular ROS, Bendavia’s protective mechanism of action likely involves reduced ROS generation (as opposed to augmented scavenging) by endothelial and myocyte mitochondria. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brown, D. A., Hale, S. L., Baines, C. P., Rio, C. L. d., Hamlin, R. L., Yueyama, Y., Kijtawornrat, A., Yeh, S. T., Frasier, C. R., Stewart, L. M., Moukdar, F., Shaikh, S. R., Fisher-Wellman, K. H., Neufer, P. D., Kloner, R. A. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Supplementation of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Prevents Increase in Arterial Stiffness After Experimental Menopause
Conclusions: In an experimental model of menopause, N3-PUFA supplementation prevents arterial stiffening and other vascular changes induced by ovariectomy. These results represent a therapeutic benefit of N3-PUFAs in prevention of postmenopausal cardiovascular disease. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Losurdo, P., Grillo, A., Panizon, E., Cappellari, G. G., Fabris, B., Bardelli, M., Biolo, G., Zanetti, M., Carretta, R. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of Preoperative Aspirin in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Preoperative aspirin therapy is associated with increased postoperative bleeding, PRBC transfusion requirements, and reoperation for bleeding in patients undergoing CABG. Doses lower than 100 mg/d may minimize the risk of bleeding. Additional RCTs are needed to assess the effects of preoperative aspirin on the safety and efficacy outcomes in patients undergoing CABG. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ma, X., Ma, C., Yun, Y., Zhang, Q., Zheng, X. Tags: Clinical Study Source Type: research

Pharmacologic Therapy That Simulates Conditioning for Cardiac Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of deaths due to noncommunicable diseases, of which ischemic heart disease forms a large percentage. The main therapeutic strategy to treat ischemic heart disease is reperfusion that could either be medical or surgical. However, reperfusion following ischemia is known to increase the infarct size further. Newer strategies such as ischemic preconditioning (IPC), ischemic postconditioning, and remote IPC have been shown to condition the myocardium to ischemia–reperfusion injury and thus reduce the final infarct size. Research over the past 3 decades has deepened our unders...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sivaraman, V., Yellon, D. M. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Can We Vaccinate Against Atherosclerosis?
A large body of evidence implicates the immune system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Both active and passive immunizations have been tested as immunomodulation strategies to confer protective effect against atherogenesis. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the complex role and the potential for immune modulation therapy via active immunization for atherosclerosis. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chyu, K.-Y., Shah, P. K. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

New and Emerging Drug Molecules Against Obesity
Obesity has become a growing pandemic of alarming proportions in the developed and developing countries over the last few decades. The most perturbing fact regarding obesity is the increased predisposition for coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure and sudden cardiac death. The modest efficacy of current anti-obesity agents such as orlistat and the increasing withdrawals of several anti-obesity agents such as sibutramine, rimonabant have led to huge gaps in the pharmacotherapy of obesity. Lorcaserin and Phentermine-topiramate combination (phen-top) are two drugs approved by US FDA in 2012. Lorcaserin, a 5HT2C ag...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: George, M., Rajaram, M., Shanmugam, E. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Pharmacologic Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction and its Interaction With the Cardiovascular System
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes are widely distributed throughout the body, having numerous effects and functions. The PDE type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are widely used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). Recent, intense preclinical and clinical research with PDE5 inhibitors has shed light on new mechanisms and has revealed a number of pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system. To date, PDE5 inhibition has been shown to be effective for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, and both sildenafil and tadalafil are approved for this indication. However, current or future PDE5 inhibitors have the p...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ioakeimidis, N., Kostis, J. B. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Targeting Cholesterol Crystal-Induced Inflammation for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Cholesterol crystals are present in nascent and advanced atherosclerotic plaque. Under some conditions, they may enlarge and cause direct plaque trauma or trigger an inflammatory cascade that promotes the growth and instability of atherosclerotic plaque. Therapies that reduce the risk of cholesterol crystal formation or prevent the associated inflammatory response have the potential to improve the clinical outcome of patients with cardiovascular disease. Statins have pleiotropic effects that can reduce the size of the free cholesterol pool contained within atherosclerotic plaques and prevent the formation of cholesterol cr...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nidorf, S. M., Eikelboom, J. W., Thompson, P. L. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Cardiovascular Disease
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) confers an increased risk of thromboembolism, with a 5-fold higher risk of ischemic stroke. Oral anticoagulation (OAC) has shown to be highly effective in preventing stroke and mortality compared to placebo and is also used in patients without AF for both treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. The OAC halts the coagulation by different mechanisms. Until recently, the only option was the vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), but their inherent limitations have promoted the development of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), which may offer efficacious and safer alternatives. Patients...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gallego, P., Roldan, V., Lip, G. Y. H. Tags: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Core Reviews Source Type: research

Renin-Angiotensin System Blocking Drugs
This article tries to offer an updated review of current knowledge on the use of RAS blocking drugs in clinical settings. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Robles, N. R., Cerezo, I., Hernandez-Gallego, R. Tags: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Core Reviews Source Type: research

Diuretics: A Review and Update
In conclusion, diuretics are a diverse class of drugs that remain extremely important in the management of hypertension and hypervolemic states. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Roush, G. C., Kaur, R., Ernst, M. E. Tags: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Core Reviews Source Type: research

Combination of D942 With Curcumin Protects Cardiomyocytes From Ischemic Damage Through Promoting Autophagy
Myocardial ischemia is one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death. Autophagy has been demonstrated to protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced damage. A small molecule compound 5-(3-(4-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy)phenyl)propyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (D942) has been previously shown to specifically activate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cancer cells. Another reagent, curcumin, has been shown to inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathway in tumor cells. Since AMPK signaling induces autophagy, while mTOR signaling inhibits autophagy, here we tested the pot...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yang, K., Xu, C., Li, X., Jiang, H. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Curcumin Protects Mice From Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocarditis by Inhibiting the Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt/Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Pathway
Viral myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is one of the most important etiologic agents. Curcumin is an active ingredient of Curcumin longa, which has been used as a traditional Chinese herb for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of curcumin on CVB3-induced myocarditis and the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that treatment with curcumin could significantly attenuate CVB3-induced myocarditis, as demonstrated by improved weight loss, increased survival rate, reduced serological level cardiac enzymes, a...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Song, Y., Ge, W., Cai, H., Zhang, H. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Circadian Variation of Stent Thrombosis and the Effect of More Robust Platelet Inhibition: A Post Hoc Analysis of the TRITON-TIMI 38 Trial
Conclusions: In TRITON-TIMI 38 trial, the timing of ST exhibited a significant diurnal variation similar to that seen with onset of other acute coronary syndromes. ST occurred less frequently among patients randomized to prasugrel compared to clopidogrel with the greatest absolute reduction (6.2 per 1000 patients) in events earlier in the day when platelet activity is known to be highest. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mogabgab, O., Wiviott, S. D., Cannon, C. P., Sloan, S., Sabatine, M. S., Antman, E. M., Braunwald, E., Giugliano, R. P. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research