Effects of total gastrectomy on plasma silicon and amino acid concentrations in men
The aim of the study was to determine one-year effects of total gastrectomy on plasma silicon and free amino acid concentrations in patients and evaluate changes of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in lumbar spine. Eight patients were enrolled to the control (CTR) group. Six patients subjected to total gastrectomy (GX group) were included to the experimental group. vBMD in trabecular and cortical bone was measured in lumbar vertebrae at baseline (before surgery) and one year later using quantitative computed tomography. Plasma concentrations of silicon and free amino acids were determined at baseline and one year lat...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 2, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Tatara, M. R., Krupski, W., Szpetnar, M., Dabrowski, A., Bury, P., Szabelska, A., Charuta, A., Boguszewska-Czubara, A., Maciejewski, R., Wallner, G. Tags: Anatomy & amp;amp; Pathology Source Type: research
Cytoskeletal prestress regulates nuclear shape and stiffness in cardiac myocytes
Mechanical stresses on the myocyte nucleus have been associated with several diseases and potentially transduce mechanical stimuli into cellular responses. Although a number of physical links between the nuclear envelope and cytoplasmic filaments have been identified, previous studies have focused on the mechanical properties of individual components of the nucleus, such as the nuclear envelope and lamin network. The mechanical interaction between the cytoskeleton and chromatin on nuclear deformability remains elusive. Here, we investigated how cytoskeletal and chromatin structures influence nuclear mechanics in cardiac my...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Lee, H., Adams, W. J., Alford, P. W., McCain, M. L., Feinberg, A. W., Sheehy, S. P., Goss, J. A., Parker, K. K. Tags: Systems Biology Source Type: research
Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone inhibits monocytes adhesion to vascular endothelium
In this study, the effects of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone on endothelial inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cell lines were investigated. And the result indicated that α-melanocyte stimulating hormone inhibits the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, including vascular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin, thereby attenuating the adhesion of THP-1 cells to the surface of endothelial cells. Mechanistically, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone was found to inhibit NF-B transcriptional activity. Finally, we found that the effect of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone on endothelial ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Yang, Y., Zhang, W., Meng, L., Yu, H., Lu, N., Fu, G., Zheng, Y. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Bothrops jararaca envenomation: Pathogenesis of hemostatic disturbances and intravascular hemolysis
To attain fully functional biological activity, vitamin-K dependent coagulation factors (VKDCF) are -carboxylated prior to secretion from liver. Warfarin impairs the -carboxylation, and consequently their physiological function. Bothrops jararaca snake venom (BjV) contains several activators of blood coagulation, especially procoagulant enzymes (prothrombin and factor X activators) and thrombin-like enzymes. In order to clarify the relative contribution of prothrombin and factor X activators to the hemostatic disturbances occurring during experimental B. jararaca envenomation, warfarin was used to deplete VKDCF, prior to B...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Senise, L. V., Yamashita, K. M., Santoro, M. L. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Vaspin promotes 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation
In conclusion, vaspin is able to promote the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and may increase their sensitivity to insulin and suppress obesity. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Liu, P., Li, G., Wu, J., Zhou, X., Wang, L., Han, W., Lv, Y., Sun, C. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis
Cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity hampers its application in clinic. Green tea, particularly its predominant polyphenolic constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of EGCG against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Male C57/BL6 mice in different groups received single injection of CP (20 mg/kg) and EGCG (100 mg/kg) in various sets and kidney tissues and blood were collected after killing. Then, samples were used for biochemical and immunohistochemical assay. Our results show...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Chen, B., Liu, G., Zou, P., Li, X., Hao, Q., Jiang, B., Yang, X., Hu, Z. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Germanium in ginseng is low and causes no sodium and water retention or renal toxicity in the diuretic-resistant rats
Ginseng preparations contain high concentrations of germanium (Ge), which was reported to contribute to diuretic resistance or renal failure. However, Ge content in ginseng and the influence on renal functions remain unclear. Forty rats were randomly divided into control group, low, moderate, and high Ge ginseng-treated group and observed for 25 days. Daily urine, renal functions, and serum and urine electrolytics were measured. Ge retention in the organs and renal histological changes were also evaluated. Ge content ranged from 0.007 to 0.450 µg/g in various ginseng samples. Four groups showed no difference in the d...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Tan, C., Xiao, L., Chen, W., Chen, S. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Losartan reduces oxidative damage to renal DNA and conserves plasma antioxidant capacity in diabetic rats
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels produced by hyperglycemia and angiotensin-II (AT-II) are considered among the pathogenic factors in the malignant transformation of diabetic renal cells. We aimed to investigate the potential role of AT-II in the increased cancer risk seen in diabetes; measuring oxidative damage to renal DNA and protective antioxidant defenses, including adiponectin (Adp) and plasma antioxidant capacity by the Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) method. In the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (55 mg/kg) diabetic rats either treated or not treated for 3 weeks with losartan, an AT-II ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Lodovici, M., Bigagli, E., Tarantini, F., Di Serio, C., Raimondi, L. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Ethyl pyruvate attenuates murine allergic rhinitis partly by decreasing high mobility group box 1 release
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, a pro-inflammatory DNA-binding protein, meditates inflammatory responses through Toll-like receptor-4 signals and amplifies allergic inflammation by interacting with the receptor for advanced glycation end products. Previous studies have shown that HMGB1 is elevated in the nasal lavage fluids (NLF) of children suffering from allergic rhinitis (AR) and is associated with the severity of this disease. Furthermore, HMGB1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lower airway allergic diseases, such as asthma. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has proven to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Chen, S., Wang, Y., Gong, G., Chen, J., Niu, Y., Kong, W. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Mutation analyses in pedigrees and sporadic cases of ethnic Han Chinese Kallmann syndrome patients
Kallmann syndrome, a form of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, is characterized by developmental abnormalities of the reproductive system and abnormal olfaction. Despite association of certain genes with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the genetic inheritance and expression are complex and incompletely known. In the present study, seven Kallmann syndrome pedigrees in an ethnic Han Chinese population were screened for genetic mutations. The exons and intron–exon boundaries of 19 idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism)-related genes in seven Chinese Kallmann...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Gu, W.-J., Zhang, Q., Wang, Y.-Q., Yang, G.-Q., Hong, T.-P., Zhu, D.-L., Yang, J.-K., Ning, G., Jin, N., Chen, K., Zang, L., Wang, A.-P., Du, J., Wang, X.-L., Yang, L.-J., Ba, J.-M., Lv, Z.-H., Dou, J.-T., Mu, Y.-M. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Adenosine A2B receptor stimulates angiogenesis by inducing VEGF and eNOS in human microvascular endothelial cells
In conclusion, the A2B AR activation-driven angiogenesis via cAMP-PKA-CREB mediated VEGF production and PI3K/AKT-dependent upregulation of eNOS in HMEC-1. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Du, X., Ou, X., Song, T., Zhang, W., Cong, F., Zhang, S., Xiong, Y. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
The biocompatibility of calcium phosphate cements containing alendronate-loaded PLGA microparticles in vitro
The composite of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are currently widely used in bone tissue engineering. However, the properties and biocompatibility of the alendronate-loaded PLGA/CPC (APC) porous scaffolds have not been characterized. APC scaffolds were prepared by a solid/oil/water emulsion solvent evaporation method. The morphology, porosity, and mechanical strength of the scaffolds were characterized. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from rabbit were cultured, expanded and seeded on the scaffolds, and the cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation, cell cycle and osteogeni...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Li, Y.-H., Wang, Z.-D., Wang, W., Ding, C.-W., Zhang, H.-X., Li, J.-M. Tags: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Antiproliferative activity of long chain acylated esters of quercetin-3-O-glucoside in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells
In this study, six long chain fatty acid esters of quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G) acylated enzymatically and were used for determining their antiproliferative action in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in comparison to precursor compounds and two chemotherapy drugs (Sorafenib and Cisplatin). Fatty acid esters of Q3G showed significant inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation by 85 to 90% after 6 h and 24 h of treatment, respectively. The cell death due to these novel compounds was associated with cell-cycle arrest in S-phase and apoptosis observed by DNA fragmentation, fluorescent microscopy and elevated caspase-3 activ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Sudan, S., Rupasinghe, H. V. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Featured Article: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} dependent nuclear entry of factor inhibiting HIF-1
The regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) transcriptional activity in the nucleus is related to factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1). FIH-1 hydrolyzes asparagine at the C-terminal of HIF-1α, preventing the interaction between HIF-1α and its associated cofactors, and leading to suppressed activation of HIF-1. FIH-1 is a cytosolic protein and its entry to the nucleus has to be coordinated with HIF-1α. The present study was undertaken to examine the correlation between HIF-1α and FIH-1 in their nuclear entry. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with dimethyloxalylglycine at a fina...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Liang, K., Ding, X.-q., Lin, C., Kang, Y. J. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Hypoxia promotes HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion via Snail-mediated MT1-MMP upregulation
The molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer cell invasion under hypoxia remain unclear. Here we employed a 3D collagen model and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) invasion assay to explore the influence of hypoxia on ovarian cancer cell invasion. Hypoxia (both 1% O2 and CoCl2 150 and 250 µM) induced HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion in 3D collagen and collagenolysis determined by hydroxyproline. Pretreatment with a hypoxia inducible factor-1α inhibitor, YC-1, or MMP inhibitor, GM6001, significantly inhibited 3D collagen invasion and degradation and cell proliferation. Hypoxia stimulated both mRNA and pro...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Sun, L., Lin, P., Qin, Z., Liu, Y., Deng, L.-L., Lu, C. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
