Efficacy of proline in the treatment of menopause
The amino acids in the placenta have multiple functions; however, the therapeutic effects of proline remain poorly for relief postmenopausal symptoms. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of proline in the treatment of menopause using in vitro and in vivo models. We assessed the therapeutic effects and regulatory mechanisms of proline by using MCF-7 estrogen-dependent cells, MG63 osteoblast cells, and ovariectomized mice model. An in vivo study was carried out in eight-week-old sham and ovariectomized group. The ovariectomized mouse was further subdivided into two groups administered orally w...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Nam, S.-Y., Yoou, M.-S., Kim, H.-M., Jeong, H.-J. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Cytoskeletal architecture and cell motility remain unperturbed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Plk3 knockout mice
Polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) is best known for its involvement in cell cycle checkpoint regulation following exposure to cytotoxicants or induction of DNA damage. Yet, Plk3 has also been implicated in roles beyond those of cellular responses to DNA damage. Here, we have investigated the proposition, suggested by the Plk literature, that Plk3 regulates cytoskeletal architecture and cell functions mediated by the cytoskeleton. To this end, we have assayed mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) generated from both Plk3 knockout and wild-type mice. In particular, we asked whether Plk3 is involved in actin fiber and microtubule integr...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Michel, D. R., Mun, K.-S., Ho, C.-C., Stambrook, P. J. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Tantalum coating of porous carbon scaffold supplemented with autologous bone marrow stromal stem cells for bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo
In this study, the biocompatibility of domestic porous tantalum was first successfully tested with bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and for bone tissue repair in vivo. We evaluated cytotoxicity of RVC scaffold and tantalum coating using BMSCs. The morphology, adhesion, and proliferation of BMSCs were observed via laser scanning confocal microscope and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, porous tantalum rods with or without autologous BMSCs were implanted on hind legs in dogs, respectively. The osteogenic potential was observed by hard tissue slice examination. At three weeks and six weeks fo...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wei, X., Zhao, D., Wang, B., Wang, W., Kang, K., Xie, H., Liu, B., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Yang, Z. Tags: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells effectively regenerate fibrotic liver in bile duct ligation rat model
In conclusion, liver regenerative capabilities can be stimulated by BM-MSCs via augmentation of HGF that subsequently up-regulate MMP-2 mRNA while downregulating CK-19 mRNA. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Mohamed, H. E., Elswefy, S. E., Rashed, L. A., Younis, N. N., Shaheen, M. A., Ghanim, A. M. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Featured Article: Differential regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation by protease-activated receptors in adult human endothelial cells
In this study, we hypothesize a differential coupling of protease-activated receptors to the signaling pathways that regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production in primary adult human coronary artery endothelial cells. Using Western Blot analysis, we showed that thrombin and the PAR-1 activating peptide, TFLLR, lead to the phosphorylation of eNOS-Ser-1177 in human coronary artery endothelial cells, which was blocked by SCH-79797 (SCH), a PAR-1 inhibitor. Using the nitrate/nitrite assay, we also demonstrated that the thrombin- and TFLLR-induced production of nitric oxide was inhibited by SCH and ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Tillery, L. C., Epperson, T. A., Eguchi, S., Motley, E. D. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Stem cell therapies in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and keratopathy
Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by multiple degenerative changes that could be potentially corrected by stem cell therapies. Most studies so far have attempted to alleviate typical abnormalities of early retinopathy, including vascular hyperpermeability, capillary closure and pericyte dropout. Success was reported with adult stem cells (vascular progenitors or adipose stem cells), as well as induced pluripotent stem cells from cord blood. The cells were able to associate with damaged vessels in both pericyte and endothelial lining positions in models of DR and ischemia-reperfusion. In some diabe...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - March 8, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Kramerov, A. A., Ljubimov, A. V. Tags: Minireview Source Type: research
L-Arginine metabolism in cardiovascular and renal tissue from hyper- and hypothyroid rats
This study assessed the effects of thyroid hormones on the enzymes involved in l-arginine metabolism and the metabolites generated by the different metabolic pathways. Compounds of l-arginine metabolism were measured in the kidney, heart, aorta, and liver of euthyroid, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid rats after 6 weeks of treatment. Enzymes studied were NOS isoforms (neuronal [nNOS], inducible [iNOS], and endothelial [eNOS]), arginases I and II, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), and l-arginine decarboxylase (ADC). Metabolites studied were l-arginine, l-citrulline, spermidine, spermine, and l-pr...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Rodriguez-Gomez, I., Moliz, J. N., Quesada, A., Montoro-Molina, S., Vargas-Tendero, P., Osuna, A., Wangensteen, R., Vargas, F. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
Featured Article: Cardioprotective effects of lysyl oxidase inhibition against volume overload-induced extracellular matrix remodeling
In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of LOX inhibition to prevent adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and dysfunction using an experimental model of HF. Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to surgically induced volume overload (VO) by creation of aortocaval fistula (ACF). A LOX inhibitor, beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN; 100 mg/kg/day), was administered to rats with ACF or sham surgery at eight weeks postsurgery. Echocardiography was used to assess progressive alterations in cardiac ventricular structure and function. Left ventricular (LV) catheterization was used to assess alterations in contractility, stiffnes...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: El Hajj, E. C., El Hajj, M. C., Ninh, V. K., Gardner, J. D. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial involvement in propofol-induced cardioprotection: An in vitro study in human myocardium
In conclusion, in human myocardium, propofol-induced cardioprotection was mediated by mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels opening, nitric oxide synthase activation and stimulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, in early reoxygenation period. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Lemoine, S., Zhu, L., Gress, S., Gerard, J.-L., Allouche, S., Hanouz, J.-L. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Assessment of Pradosia huberi effects on the reproductive system of male rats
Pradosia huberi is a species found in the Amazon region and used as an antiulcerogenic and gastroprotective agent; however, phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of compounds with potential toxic effects on the reproductive system. For the evaluation of the toxicity of P. huberi on male fertility, male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: one control (distilled water p.o.) and three treated (hydroalcoholic extract of the stem bark of P. Huberi (PH-HAE) at doses of 1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg p.o.) once daily, for 63 days. In the last week of treatment (from the 57th to the 63rd day), the rats were mated with...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Cristina Silva dos Santos, E., Antunes, P. S., Santos, F. L. P. d., Rocha, A. d. O. B., Pita, J. C. L. R., Xavier, A. L., Macedo, C. L., Jacob, K. C., de Oliveira, N. A., de Medeiros, A. A. N., Diniz, M. d. F. F. M., de Cassia da Silveira e Sa, R. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Possible involvement of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in N-acetylcysteine-mediated antidepressant-like effects
In conclusion, our study suggests that modulation of the JAK/STAT pathway might mediate the antidepressant-like effects of N-acetylcysteine. Therefore, depression research may target the JAK/STAT signaling pathway to provide a novel effective therapy. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Al-Samhari, M. M., Al-Rasheed, N. M., Al-Rejaie, S., Al-Rasheed, N. M., Hasan, I. H., Mahmoud, A. M., Dzimiri, N. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
p21 induction plays a dual role in anti-cancer activity of ursolic acid
Previous studies have shown that induction of G1 arrest and apoptosis by ursolic acid is associated with up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) protein p21 in multiple types of cancer cells. However, the functional role of p21 induction in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and the mechanisms of p21 induction by ursolic acid have not been critically addressed. In the current study, we demonstrated that p21 played a mediator role in G1 cell cycle arrest by ursolic acid, whereas p21-mediated up-regulation of Mcl-1 compromised apoptotic effect of ursolic acid. These results suggest that p21 induction plays...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Zhang, X., Song, X., Yin, S., Zhao, C., Fan, L., Hu, H. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Trans, trans-farnesol as a mevalonate-derived inducer of murine 3T3-F442A pre-adipocyte differentiation
Based on our finding that depletion of mevalonate-derived metabolites inhibits adipocyte differentiation, we hypothesize that trans, trans-farnesol (farnesol), a mevalonate-derived sesquiterpene, induces adipocyte differentiation. Farnesol dose-dependently (25–75 μmol/L) increased intracellular triglyceride content of murine 3T3-F442A pre-adipocytes measured by AdipoRed™ Assay and Oil Red-O staining. Concomitantly, farnesol dose-dependently increased glucose uptake and glucose transport protein 4 (GLUT4) expression without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactio...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Torabi, S., Mo, H. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Cell cycle of primitive hematopoietic progenitors decelerated in senescent mice is reactively accelerated after 2-Gy whole-body irradiation
This study was conducted to evaluate the possible/synergic effects of radiation during aging by determining cell-cycle parameters of hematopoietic stem cells/hematopoietic progenitor cells (HSCs/HPCs), such as the percent of cells in cycling, the generation doubling time, and the cumulative cycling-cell fraction, by bromodeoxyuridine-ultraviolet assay, which enables the determination of their cycling capacity in vivo. Colony-forming progenitor cells, such as colony-forming unit (CFU)-granulocyte/macrophage (GM), CFU in the spleen on day 9 (CFU-S9), and CFU-S on day 13 (CFU-S13) for mature, less mature, and immature HP...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Hirabayashi, Y., Tsuboi, I., Kuramoto, K., Kusunoki, Y., Inoue, T. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Resting heart rate associates with one-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention
The study was to access the association between resting heart rate (RHR) and one-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients with ACS after PCI (n = 808) were prospectively followed-up for MACE. RHR was obtained from electrocardiogram. MACE was defined as a composite of cardiac death, nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction, ischemic-driven revascularization, and ischemic stroke. The association between RHR and one-year risk of MACE was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Compared with patie...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wang, S.-L., Wang, C.-L., Wang, P.-L., Xu, H., Du, J.-P., Zhang, D.-W., Gao, Z.-Y., Zhang, L., Fu, C.-G., Chen, K.-J., Shi, D.-Z. Tags: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
