Penetration and intracellular uptake of poly(glycerol-adipate) nanoparticles into three-dimensional brain tumour cell culture models
Nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery systems may potentially enhance the efficacy of therapeutic agents. It is difficult to characterize many important properties of NPs in vivo and therefore attempts have been made to use realistic in vitro multicellular spheroids instead. In this paper, we have evaluated poly(glycerol-adipate) (PGA) NPs as a potential drug carrier for local brain cancer therapy. Various three-dimensional (3-D) cell culture models have been used to investigate the delivery properties of PGA NPs. Tumour cells in 3-D culture showed a much higher level of endocytic uptake of NPs than a mixed normal neonatal brain...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Meng, W., Garnett, M. C., Walker, D. A., Parker, T. L. Tags: Bionanoscience Source Type: research
Increased expression of immune-related genes in leukocytes of patients with diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
This study demonstrates that an impaired glucose metabolism in GDM may be predominant predictor of leukocyte NOS2 and SFTPD overexpression in diabetic patients. Furthermore, alterations in the expression of these genes are associated with glucose metabolism dysfunction and/or inflammation during pregnancy. In addition, these findings support the utilization of leukocytes as good experimental model to study a relationship between immune-related genes and metabolic changes in women with GDM, as well as to assess the potential mechanisms underlying these alterations. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wojcik, M., Zieleniak, A., Zurawska-Klis, M., Cypryk, K., Wozniak, L. A. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The increasingly complex regulation of adipocyte differentiation
Adipose (AD) tissue development and function relies on the ability of adipocytes to proliferate and differentiate into lipid-containing cells that also have endocrine function. Research suggests that certain conditions can induce AD tissue stem cells to differentiate into various cell types and that the microenvironment of the cell, including the extracellular matrix (ECM), is essential in maintaining cell and tissue function. This review provides an overview of factors involved in the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. A brief review of the numerous factors that influence PPAR, the transcription factor thoug...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 16, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Poulos, S. P., Dodson, M. V., Culver, M. F., Hausman, G. J. Tags: Minireview Source Type: research
Beneficial effects of previous exercise training on renal changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic female rats
In conclusion, our study shows that regular aerobic exercise especially performed previously to induction of diabetes mellitus improved metabolic control and has renoprotective action on the diabetic kidney. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Amaral, L. S. d. B., Silva, F. A., Correia, V. B., Andrade, C. E., Dutra, B. A., Oliveira, M. V., Magalhaes, A. C. d., Volpini, R. A., Seguro, A. C., Coimbra, T. M., Soares, T. d. J. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
Sulforaphane attenuates the development of atherosclerosis and improves endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
In conclusion, this study reveals that SFN has the ability to ameliorate HCD-induced atherosclerotic lesions progression and vascular dysfunction, possibly via its lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects and suppression of NF-B-mediated inflammation. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Shehatou, G. S., Suddek, G. M. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
The reduced soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 and regulatory T cells in acute coronary syndrome
Soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2, sfgl2, is the new effector of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) and exerts immunosuppressive activity. We design this study to investigate the possible role of sfgl2 in atherosclerosis. A total of 58 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, together with 22 stable angina (SA) patients and 31 normal coronary artery (NCA) people were enrolled in our study. Serum level of sfgl2 and plasma level of Treg were respectively measured. In line with the change of Treg, serum level of sfgl2 in ACS (8.70 ng/mL) was significantly decreased (P = 0.003), compared with that in SA (11.86 ng/mL) and ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Liu, K., Li, T., Huang, S., Long, R., You, Y., Liu, J., Wang, Z. Tags: Immunology, Microbiology, Virology Source Type: research
Human microRNAs profiling in response to influenza A viruses (subtypes pH1N1, H3N2, and H5N1)
This study investigated cellular miRNA expression profiles operating in response to influenza virus in early stage of infection which might be useful for understanding and control of viral infection. A549 cells were infected with different subtypes of influenza virus (pH1N1, H3N2 and H5N1). After 24 h post-infection, miRNAs were extracted and then used for DNA library construction. All DNA libraries with different indexes were pooled together with equal concentration, followed by high-throughput sequencing based on MiSeq platform. The miRNAs were identified and counted from sequencing data by using MiSeq reporter software....
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Makkoch, J., Poomipak, W., Saengchoowong, S., Khongnomnan, K., Praianantathavorn, K., Jinato, T., Poovorawan, Y., Payungporn, S. Tags: Immunology, Microbiology, Virology Source Type: research
Anti-inflammatory effects of Saururus chinensis aerial parts in murine macrophages via induction of heme oxygenase-1
This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of an extract of S. chinensis of the aerial parts (rather than the root), and the signaling pathway responsible for this effect in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages. The subfraction 4 (SCF4) from the n-hexane layer of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of S. chinensis exhibited the highest nitrite-inhibitory activity. SCF4 significantly inhibited the production of nitrite and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators via heme oxygenase-1 upregulation. SCF4 caused significant phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and Akt, which subsequently i...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Meng, X., Kim, I., Jeong, Y. J., Cho, Y. M., Kang, S. C. Tags: Immunology, Microbiology, Virology Source Type: research
Lysyl oxidase mediates hypoxia-induced radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells
Hypoxia-induced radioresistance has been well known as the main obstacle in cancer radiotherapy. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) was previously demonstrated to play an important role in hypoxia-induced biological behaviors, such as metastasis and angiogenesis, through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is an important contributing factor to radioresistance in tumor cells. However, how LOX plays a role in hypoxia-induced radioresistance has yet to be determined. Here, we found that LOX expression was in accordance with HIF-1α expression, and LOX expression at the mRNA and protein level, and enzymatic activity...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Gong, C., Gu, R., Jin, H., Sun, Y., Li, Z., Chen, J., Wu, G. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Effects of salt intake and potassium supplementation on renalase expression in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive rats
In this study, we aim to investigate how salt intake and potassium supplementation affect the level of renalase in rats. Eighteen salt-sensitive (SS) and 18 SS–13BN rats were divided into six groups, receiving normal salt (0.3% NaCl), high salt (8% NaCl) and high salt/potassium (8% NaCl and 8% KCl) dietary intervention for four weeks. At the end of experiments, blood and kidneys were collected for analysis. mRNA level of renalase was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and protein level was determined by Western blot. We found that mRNA and protein levels of renalase in the kidneys of SS and SS–13BN rats wer...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Zheng, W.-L., Wang, J., Mu, J.-J., Liu, F.-Q., Yuan, Z.-Y., Wang, Y., Wang, D., Ren, K.-Y., Guo, T.-S., Xiao, H.-Y. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Influence of doxazosin on biosynthesis of S100A6 and atrial natriuretic factor peptides in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Hypertension frequently results in severe complications in cardiovascular system and histopathological changes in the heart. To better understand the cellular processes and signaling pathways responsible for the proper functioning of the heart, we decided to check whether doxazosin affects the density of structures containing S100A6 and atrial natriuretic factor in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats. The aim of this study is to find differences in the density of the structures containing S100A6 and atrial natriuretic factor in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with doxazosin compared to untreat...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Kasacka, I., Piotrowska, Z., Filipek, A., Majewski, M. Tags: Anatomy & amp;amp; Pathology Source Type: research
Featured Article: Female mice with loss-of-function ITCH display an altered reproductive phenotype
This report indicates the importance of the E3 ligase, ITCH, in female reproduction. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Stermer, A. R., Myers, J. L., Murphy, C. J., Di Bona, K. R., Matesic, L., Richburg, J. H. Tags: Anatomy & amp;amp; Pathology Source Type: research
Does Leishmaniasis disease alter the parenchyma and protein expression in salivary glands?
Leishmaniasis is considered a serious public health problem in several regions in Brazil and worldwide. This research aimed to perform a histopathological and proteomic study of parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands of BALB/c mice infected by Leishmania (L) infantum chagasi using histological, immunohistochemical and epifluorescence techniques. Twelve isogenic BALB/c male mice, around six- to eight-weeks old, were separated into two groups: the animals of the control group were injected with 0.15 ml of NaCl, while those in the experimental group were inoculated with 5 x 106 amastigote forms of Leishmania (L) infantu...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Junior, A. M., de Amorim Carvalho, F. A., de Oliveira Dantas, W., Gomes, L. C., da Silva, A. B., de Sousa Cavalcante, M. M., de Oliveira, I. M., de Deus Moura de Lima, M., Rizzo, M. d. S., de Carvalho Leite, C. M., Moura, S. M. d. S., de Deus Moura, L. d. Tags: Anatomy & amp;amp; Pathology Source Type: research
Blockade of glucocorticoid receptors improves cutaneous wound healing in stressed mice
In conclusion, blockade of GC receptors with RU486 partially ameliorates stress-impaired wound healing, suggesting that stress inhibits healing through more than one functional pathway. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: de Almeida, T. F., de Castro Pires, T., Monte-Alto-Costa, A. Tags: Anatomy & amp;amp; Pathology Source Type: research
Store-operated calcium entry and diabetic complications
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is mediated by the store-operated Ca2+ channel (SOC) that opens upon depletion of internal Ca2+ stores following activation of G protein-coupled receptors or receptor tyrosine kinases. Over the past two decades, the physiological and pathological relevance of SOCE has been extensively studied. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests associations of altered SOCE with diabetic complications. This review focuses on the implication of SOCE as it pertains to various complications resulting from diabetes. We summarize recent findings by us and others on the involvement of abnormal SOCE in the de...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Chaudhari, S., Ma, R. Tags: Minireview Source Type: research
