Original Research: The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of newborn mice under maternal lead exposure
The current study focused on the MMP2 and MMP9 expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of newborn mice under maternal lead exposure. Lead exposure was initiated from gestation to weaning. Lead acetate was dissolved in deionized water with concentration of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5% and was absorbed through daily drinking. On day 21 after birth, lead in blood and tissue levels was examined by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrum (GFAAS). The protein expressions of MMP2 and MMP9 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex tissues were tested by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Compared to the control group, blood, cere...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Li, N., Li, X., Li, L., Zhang, P., Qiao, M., Zhao, Q., Song, L., Yu, Z. Tags: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Original Research: Analysis of hepatic microRNA alterations in response to hepatitis B virus infection and pegylated interferon alpha-2a treatment
Interferons play important roles in defense mechanisms against viral infection, and thus interferon therapy has been a standard treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. Interferons signaling pathways promote interferon-inducible genes including microRNAs. In this research, we aimed to determine microRNAs expression profiles in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro model, Huh7 cells were transfected with or without hepatitis B virus plasmid for 6 h, and then treated with 100 ng of pegylated-interferon alpha-2a for 24 h. In vivo, we defined microRNAs expression profiles in pair-liver tissues of chronic hepati...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Jinato, T., Chuaypen, N., Poomipak, W., Praianantathavorn, K., Makkoch, J., Kiatbumrung, R., Jampoka, K., Tangkijvanich, P., Payungporn, S. Tags: Immunology/Microbiology/Virology Source Type: research
Original Research: Hydroxytyrosol, an ingredient of olive oil, reduces triglyceride accumulation and promotes lipolysis in human primary visceral adipocytes during differentiation
Hydroxytyrosol has various pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activities, preventing hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome. The present study is focused on the anti-adipogenic and lipolytic activity of hydroxytyrosol on primary human visceral adipocytes. Pre-adipocytes were analyzed after 10 (P10) and 20 (P20) days of treatment during differentiation and after 7 (A7) days of treatment when they reached mature shape. The treatment with hydroxytyrosol extract significantly (P < 0.001) increased apoptosis in P10 and P20 cells in comparison to control an...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Stefanon, B., Colitti, M. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Orexins A and B stimulate proliferation and differentiation of porcine preadipocytes
Orexin A (OXA) and B (OXB) are neuropeptides which regulate appetite, energy expenditure, and arousal via G-protein coupled receptors termed as OXR1 and OXR2. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of OXA and OXB on proliferation and differentiation of porcine preadipocytes. Porcine preadipocytes express both OXRs. OXA and OXB enhance porcine preadipocyte proliferation by 54.8% or 63.2 %, respectively. OXA and OXB potentiate differentiation of porcine preadipocytes, as judged by the increased lipid accumulation and expression of proadipogenic genes. Cellular lipid content after exposure of preadipocytes for ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wojciechowicz, T., Skrzypski, M., Szczepankiewicz, D., Hertig, I., Kołodziejski, P. A., Billert, M., Strowski, M. Z., Nowak, K. W. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Polyphenols extracted from grape powder induce lipogenesis and glucose uptake during differentiation of murine preadipocytes
Assessing the effects of grapes and grape powder extracted polyphenols on lipogenesis and glucose uptake in adipocytes may clarify the risk/benefit of recommending them to individuals with obesity and insulin resistance. We investigated the effect of grape powder extracted polyphenols (GPEP) on intracellular fat accumulation and glucose uptake during differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Total polyphenols were extracted and measured based on gallic acid equivalents (GAE). There were 2167 mg of GAE polyphenols in 100 g of grape powder. 3T3-F442A cells were incubated with GPEP, extracted from 125–500 µg GP/...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Torabi, S., DiMarco, N. M. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Brief Communication: Discordant ability of the triglyceride to apolipoprotein B ratio to predict triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle size in normal-weight and obese men
The atherogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) is dependent of their particle size as it determines their metabolic fate. Since TRL possess a single apolipoprotein B (Apo B) molecule per particle, the triglyceride (TG)/Apo B ratio has been used as a convenient method to estimate TRL size. The aim of this study was to validate this approach by correlating the serum TG/Apo B ratio, and the TRL particle size measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Twenty-four male volunteers (12 normal-weight and 12 obese individuals) received a high-fat meal. Preprandial (0 h) and postprandial (2 and 4 h) serum samples were ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Amigo-Benavent, M., Sinausia, L., Montero, E., Perona, J. S. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Metabolic alterations from early life thyroxine replacement therapy in male Ames dwarf mice are transient
Ames dwarf mice are exceptionally long-lived due to a Prop1 loss of function mutation resulting in deficiency of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin. Deficiency in thyroid-stimulating hormone and growth hormone leads to greatly reduced levels of circulating thyroid hormones and insulin-like growth factor 1, as well as a reduction in insulin secretion. Early life growth hormone replacement therapy in Ames dwarf mice significantly shortens their longevity, while early life thyroxine (T4) replacement therapy does not. Possible mechanisms by which early life growth hormone replacement therapy shortens lon...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Darcy, J., Fang, Y., Hill, C. M., McFadden, S., Sun, L. Y., Bartke, A. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Brief Communication: SIR-2.1-dependent lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by oxyresveratrol and resveratrol
In this study, longevity assay was performed to confirm SIR-2-dependent lifespan extension of C. elgeans with RES and oxyresveratrol (OXY), an isomer of hydroxylated RES using loss-of-function mutants of C. elegans including sir-2.1 mutant. The results showed that OXY and RES significantly (P < 0.05) extended the lifespan of C. elegans compared with the control. OXY and RES also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the mRNA expression levels of sir-2.1 and aak-2 in a dose-dependent manner and increased the protein expression levels of SIR-2.1. OXY and RES treatment extended the lifespan in daf-16 loss-of-function mutan...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Lee, J., Kwon, G., Park, J., Kim, J.-K., Lim, Y.-H. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Label-free detection for radiation-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells
Current flow cytometry (FCM) requires fluorescent dyes labeling cells which make the procedure costly and time consuming. This manuscript reports a feasibility study of detecting the cell apoptosis with a label-free method in glioblastoma cells. A human glioma cell line M059K was exposed to 8 Gy dose of radiation, which enables the cells to undergo radiation-induced apoptosis. The rates of apoptosis were studied at different time points post-irradiation with two different methods: FCM in combination with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and a newly developed technique named polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry. Totall...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Qi, D., Feng, J., Yang, C., Jin, C., Sa, Y., Feng, Y. Tags: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Original Research: Atorvastatin prevents rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by parathyroid hormone 1-34 associated with the Ras-ERK signaling
In conclusion, Ator prevents neonatal rat CMH induced by PTH1–34 and Ras-ERK signaling may be involved in this process. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Liu, X., Zou, C., Yu, C., Xie, R., Sui, M., Mu, S., Li, L., Zhao, S. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Brief Communication: Featured Article: Histone H2A mono-ubiquitination and cellular transformation are inversely related in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
In this study, we report that H2Aub markedly decreases in hepatocellular carcinoma. Usp21, a H2A deubiquitinase, is probably responsible for decrease in H2Aub. In addition, the H2Aub levels showed an inverse correlation with H3S10 phosphorylation (H3S10p) and the proliferative state of the cells. Downregulation of H2Aub is also associated with increased expression of growth factor gene lipocalin 2. Interestingly, we show that treatment of cells with histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A results in increase of H2Aub and decrease in H3S10p. Our work for the first time suggests the in vivo association of H3S10p, H...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Bhattacharya, S., Reddy, D., Ingle, A., Khade, B., Gupta, S. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Original Research: Different imiquimod creams resulting in differential effects for imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse models
Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse psoriatic model is one of the useful models displaying most of psoriatic features. To compare the modeling efficacy of different IMQ creams, we induced the psoriatic models by topically applying two different brands of IMQ 5% creams to the shaved Balb/c mice skin and assessed the results. Balb/c female mice (n = 24) 8–12 weeks of age were randomly divided into experimental groups A (Likejie), B (Aldara), and control group C (Vaseline); Likejie, Aldara, or Vaseline was topically applied to the back skin for mice in groups A, B, and C, respectively, for six consecutive days. The total psor...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - September 14, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Luo, D.-Q., Wu, H.-H., Zhao, Y.-K., Liu, J.-H., Wang, F. Tags: Anatomy/Pathology Source Type: research
Anxiety and diabetes: Innovative approaches to management in primary care
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chief concern for patients, healthcare providers, and health care systems in America, and around the globe. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibit clinical and subclinical symptoms of anxiety more frequently than people without diabetes. Anxiety is traditionally associated with poor metabolic outcomes and increased medical complications among those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Collaborative care models have been utilized in the multidisciplinary treatment of mental health problems and chronic disease, and have demonstrated success in managing the pathology of depression which ofte...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 22, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Bickett, A., Tapp, H. Tags: Systems Biology Source Type: research
Intermittent hypoxia training as non-pharmacologic therapy for cardiovascular diseases: Practical analysis on methods and equipment
The global industrialization has brought profound lifestyle changes and environmental pollutions leading to higher risks of cardiovascular diseases. Such tremendous challenges outweigh the benefits of major advances in pharmacotherapies (such as statins, antihypertensive, antithrombotic drugs) and exacerbate the public healthcare burdens. One of the promising complementary non-pharmacologic therapies is the so-called intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) via activation of the human body's own natural defense through adaptation to intermittent hypoxia. This review article primarily focuses on the practical questions concernin...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 22, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Serebrovskaya, T. V., Xi, L. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
The effect of exercise on coagulation and fibrinolysis factors in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Peripheral arterial disease is a widely prevalent atherosclerotic occlusive disorder. Symptoms commence with exercise-induced pain in the lower extremities, known as claudication. Despite the fact that exercise has been shown to improve fibrinolytic profile some patients, the effect of exercise on coagulation and fibrinolysis cascades in claudicants has not been comprehensively defined. Literature search in English language yielded 13 studies of exercise on claudicants, including 420 patients. Claudicants tend to have a higher coagulation activity at rest compared to healthy individuals, a trend that persists even after ex...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 22, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Patelis, N., Karaolanis, G., Kouvelos, G. N., Hart, C., Metheiken, S. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
